Background Language assessment in children using subjective and objective tests has been an issue... more Background Language assessment in children using subjective and objective tests has been an issue to discuss. The aim of this study is to revise and prove the validity and reliability of the Arabic language test (ALT) for the age range from 2 to 4 years old. New design of the test format and test pictures was performed and tested on a pilot study of 30 normal children with no language problems, 15 in each 1 year age group, within the same age range of the standardization sample. The standardization sample on which the test was then applied was 400 normal Egyptian children in the age range from 2 to 4 years old 200 at 2–3 years old and 200 at 3–4 years old. Retesting was done on 30 children (15 in each group) to prove test-retest reliability, with an interval of 2 weeks. Validity of the test was done using, internal consistency validity, contrasted group validity, factorial validity, face validity, and judgment validity. In the contrasted group validity, a sample of 40 children with ...
Dysphagia is described as any disruption in the normal swallowing starting from the preparatory t... more Dysphagia is described as any disruption in the normal swallowing starting from the preparatory transport of a bolus from the oral cavity through both pharynx and esophagus down to the stomach. The purpose of this study is to detect the different symptoms of Dysphagia in dysphonic patients with non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions to consider the potential benefit of swallowing therapy hand in hand with the voice intervention strategies. The Arabic Eating Assessment Tool-10 (A-EAT-10) was applied on 50 patients with age ranging from 15 to 50 years diagnosed as being dysphonic secondary to non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions on objective and clinical measures. Patients with a score above three will be considered to have dysphagia. Application of Arabic EAT-10 on dysphonic patients with minimal associated pathological lesions revealed swallowing difficulties that are not due to their vocal pathological condition. In the current study, 12 patients from the studied sample (24% of the patient...
Millions of children around the whole world are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity di... more Millions of children around the whole world are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which is considered as one of the most common mental disorders and often persists into adulthood. There is almost a weak point in rapid naming abilities in children with ADHD in comparison to children without ADHD. This was a cross-sectional study that was applied on 30 patients with an age ranging from 8 to 11 years and 6 months diagnosed as ADHD based on objective and clinical examination and measures. After the application of the Rapid Automatized Naming test (RAN) test on 30 patients with ADHD, there were 24 cases out of the 30 cases (80%) below 25th percentile (at risk) and 6 cases out of the 30 cases (20%) at 25th percentile (average performance). As regard the accuracy of RAN, there were 10 cases (33.3%) below 25th percentile (at risk) and 20 cases (66.7%) at 25th percentile (average performance). This study showed that among children with attention deficit hyperacti...
Background Dysphagia is the swallowing difficulties and trouble to move liquids, solids, medicati... more Background Dysphagia is the swallowing difficulties and trouble to move liquids, solids, medications and may be saliva from the mouth down to the stomach and is considered a serious red flag or alarm symptom. Aim of the Work to examine the prevalence of dysphagia on basis of subjective and objective measures in patients with the presenting symptom of dysphonia and diagnosed with non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions to consider the potential benefit of swallowing therapy hand in hand with the chosen management line of voice problem in the treatment of these patients if proved to have high prevalence of dysphagia. Subjects and Methods This study was applied on 50 patients with age ranging from 15-50 years diagnosed as being dysphonic secondary to non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions on objective and clinical measures, attending at the Phoniatric outpatient clinic at El-Demerdash hospital and Ain Shams University Specialized hospital. Results After the application of the A-EAT-10 questionnai...
Background: Joint attention (JA) is a basic social communicative skill important for language dev... more Background: Joint attention (JA) is a basic social communicative skill important for language development. JA deficits appear prior to language acquisition. Because autism is often not diagnosed until a child is three or four years of age, it is important to look for indicators prior to language acquisition such as JA to provide appropriate treatment at a younger age. Therefore, the aim of this study is to construct an objective tool for assessment of joint attention skills in young Egyptian children to detect the presence of autistic behaviour in high-risk children in order to conduct plans for early intervention. The questionnaire was constructed to assess the five main components of JA and was termed Egyptian Joint Attention Questionnaire. The questions were formulated in the colloquial Egyptian Arabic language and in an 'easy-to understand' design that would be comprehensible by mothers. No question was directly translated from another questionnaire. Ten typically developing (TD) children, with an age range of 18-54 months, were included in the pilot study of the test design. It was applied to 90 TD children and 30 autistic children (contrast group) within the same age range. Participant's responses were statistically analysed to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and to compare the responses related to TD children and autistic children. Results: There was high internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.9, Intra-class correlation = .776), with a statistically significant difference between TD and autistic children (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The questionnaire is a valid and reliable assessment tool that could be used in early detection of autistic Egyptian children.
Background Language assessment in children using subjective and objective tests has been an issue... more Background Language assessment in children using subjective and objective tests has been an issue to discuss. The aim of this study is to revise and prove the validity and reliability of the Arabic language test (ALT) for the age range from 2 to 4 years old. New design of the test format and test pictures was performed and tested on a pilot study of 30 normal children with no language problems, 15 in each 1 year age group, within the same age range of the standardization sample. The standardization sample on which the test was then applied was 400 normal Egyptian children in the age range from 2 to 4 years old 200 at 2–3 years old and 200 at 3–4 years old. Retesting was done on 30 children (15 in each group) to prove test-retest reliability, with an interval of 2 weeks. Validity of the test was done using, internal consistency validity, contrasted group validity, factorial validity, face validity, and judgment validity. In the contrasted group validity, a sample of 40 children with ...
Dysphagia is described as any disruption in the normal swallowing starting from the preparatory t... more Dysphagia is described as any disruption in the normal swallowing starting from the preparatory transport of a bolus from the oral cavity through both pharynx and esophagus down to the stomach. The purpose of this study is to detect the different symptoms of Dysphagia in dysphonic patients with non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions to consider the potential benefit of swallowing therapy hand in hand with the voice intervention strategies. The Arabic Eating Assessment Tool-10 (A-EAT-10) was applied on 50 patients with age ranging from 15 to 50 years diagnosed as being dysphonic secondary to non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions on objective and clinical measures. Patients with a score above three will be considered to have dysphagia. Application of Arabic EAT-10 on dysphonic patients with minimal associated pathological lesions revealed swallowing difficulties that are not due to their vocal pathological condition. In the current study, 12 patients from the studied sample (24% of the patient...
Millions of children around the whole world are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity di... more Millions of children around the whole world are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which is considered as one of the most common mental disorders and often persists into adulthood. There is almost a weak point in rapid naming abilities in children with ADHD in comparison to children without ADHD. This was a cross-sectional study that was applied on 30 patients with an age ranging from 8 to 11 years and 6 months diagnosed as ADHD based on objective and clinical examination and measures. After the application of the Rapid Automatized Naming test (RAN) test on 30 patients with ADHD, there were 24 cases out of the 30 cases (80%) below 25th percentile (at risk) and 6 cases out of the 30 cases (20%) at 25th percentile (average performance). As regard the accuracy of RAN, there were 10 cases (33.3%) below 25th percentile (at risk) and 20 cases (66.7%) at 25th percentile (average performance). This study showed that among children with attention deficit hyperacti...
Background Dysphagia is the swallowing difficulties and trouble to move liquids, solids, medicati... more Background Dysphagia is the swallowing difficulties and trouble to move liquids, solids, medications and may be saliva from the mouth down to the stomach and is considered a serious red flag or alarm symptom. Aim of the Work to examine the prevalence of dysphagia on basis of subjective and objective measures in patients with the presenting symptom of dysphonia and diagnosed with non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions to consider the potential benefit of swallowing therapy hand in hand with the chosen management line of voice problem in the treatment of these patients if proved to have high prevalence of dysphagia. Subjects and Methods This study was applied on 50 patients with age ranging from 15-50 years diagnosed as being dysphonic secondary to non-neoplastic vocal fold lesions on objective and clinical measures, attending at the Phoniatric outpatient clinic at El-Demerdash hospital and Ain Shams University Specialized hospital. Results After the application of the A-EAT-10 questionnai...
Background: Joint attention (JA) is a basic social communicative skill important for language dev... more Background: Joint attention (JA) is a basic social communicative skill important for language development. JA deficits appear prior to language acquisition. Because autism is often not diagnosed until a child is three or four years of age, it is important to look for indicators prior to language acquisition such as JA to provide appropriate treatment at a younger age. Therefore, the aim of this study is to construct an objective tool for assessment of joint attention skills in young Egyptian children to detect the presence of autistic behaviour in high-risk children in order to conduct plans for early intervention. The questionnaire was constructed to assess the five main components of JA and was termed Egyptian Joint Attention Questionnaire. The questions were formulated in the colloquial Egyptian Arabic language and in an 'easy-to understand' design that would be comprehensible by mothers. No question was directly translated from another questionnaire. Ten typically developing (TD) children, with an age range of 18-54 months, were included in the pilot study of the test design. It was applied to 90 TD children and 30 autistic children (contrast group) within the same age range. Participant's responses were statistically analysed to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and to compare the responses related to TD children and autistic children. Results: There was high internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.9, Intra-class correlation = .776), with a statistically significant difference between TD and autistic children (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The questionnaire is a valid and reliable assessment tool that could be used in early detection of autistic Egyptian children.
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