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Fazal Noor

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Prof. Fazal Noor received his PhD from McGill University, Montreal, Canada and M.Eng and B.Eng from Concordia University, Montreal, Canada. He has numerous publications in International Journals and Conferences. His research interests are in Neural Networks, Heuristic Optimization Algorithms, Parallel and Distributed Computing, Signal Processing.

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Julita Vassileva

University of Saskatchewan

Knox College

Geraint Wiggins

Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Alexandre Linhares

Getulio Vargas Foundation (Fundação Getulio Vargas)

David Pierre Leibovitz

Carleton University

D Terence Langendoen

University of Arizona

The University of Texas at Austin

Roshan Chitrakar

Nepal College of Information Technology

Graduate Center of the City University of New York

University of Technology Sydney

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Papers by Fazal Noor

Dataset of Large Gathering Images for Person Identification and Tracking in Intelligent Video Surveillance Applications

Figshare, 2022

An Efficient and Secure Certificateless Aggregate Signature Scheme for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

Future Internet, Aug 10, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

A Privacy-Preserved Internet-of-Medical-Things Scheme for Eradication and Control of Dengue Using UAV

Micromachines, Oct 10, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

A Conditional Privacy Preserving Heterogeneous Signcryption Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Enabling Secure Communication in Wireless Body Area Networks with Heterogeneous Authentication Scheme

Sensors

Thanks to the widespread availability of Fifth Generation (5G) wireless connectivity, it is now p... more Thanks to the widespread availability of Fifth Generation (5G) wireless connectivity, it is now possible to provide preventative or proactive healthcare services from any location and at any time. As a result of this technological improvement, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a new study of research in the field of healthcare in recent years. WBANs, on the one hand, intend to gather and monitor data from the human body and its surroundings; on the other hand, biomedical devices and sensors interact through an open wireless channel, making them exposed to a range of cyber threats. However, WBANs are a heterogeneous-based system; heterogeneous cryptography is necessary, in which the transmitter and receiver can employ different types of public key cryptography. This article proposes an improved and efficient heterogeneous authentication scheme with a conditional privacy-preserving strategy that provides secure communication in WBANs. In the proposed scheme, we emplo...

An Efficient and Conditional Privacy-Preserving Heterogeneous Signcryption Scheme for the Internet of Drones

Sensors

The Internet of Drones (IoD) is a network for drones that utilizes the existing Internet of Thing... more The Internet of Drones (IoD) is a network for drones that utilizes the existing Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure to facilitate mission fulfilment through real-time data transfer and navigation services. IoD deployments, on the other hand, are often conducted in public wireless settings, which raises serious security and privacy concerns. A key source of these security and privacy concerns is the fact that drones often connect with one another through an unprotected wireless channel. Second, limits on the central processing unit (CPU), sensor, storage, and battery capacity make the execution of complicated cryptographic methods onboard a drone impossible. Signcryption is a promising method for overcoming these computational and security limitations. Additionally, in an IoD setting, drones and the ground station (GS) may employ various cryptosystems in a particular region. In this article, we offer a heterogeneous signcryption scheme with a conditional privacy-preservation opti...

Dataset of Large Gathering Images for Person Identification and Tracking

Computers, Materials & Continua

This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by ... more This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by 24 cameras installed on the premises of Masjid Al-Nabvi, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. This dataset consists of raw and processed images reflecting a highly challenging and unconstraint environment. The methodology for building the dataset consists of four core phases; that include acquisition of videos, extraction of frames, localization of face regions, and cropping and resizing of detected face regions. The raw images in the dataset consist of a total of 4613 frames obtained from video sequences. The processed images in the dataset consist of the face regions of 250 persons extracted from raw data images to ensure the authenticity of the presented data. The dataset further consists of 8 images corresponding to each of the 250 subjects (persons) for a total of 2000 images. It portrays a highly unconstrained and challenging environment with human faces of varying sizes and pixel quality (resolution). Since the face regions in video sequences are severely degraded due to various unavoidable factors, it can be used as a benchmark to test and evaluate face detection and recognition algorithms for research purposes. We have also gathered and displayed records of the presence of subjects who appear in presented frames; in a temporal context. This can also be used as a temporal benchmark for tracking, finding persons, activity monitoring, and crowd counting in large crowd scenarios.

A Malware Detection Scheme via Smart Memory Forensics for Windows Devices

Mobile Information Systems, Oct 3, 2022

With the introduction of 4G/5G Internet and the increase in the number of users, the malicious cy... more With the introduction of 4G/5G Internet and the increase in the number of users, the malicious cyberattacks on computing devices have been increased making them vulnerable to external threats. High availability windows servers are designed to ensure delivery of consistent services such as business activities and e-services to their customers without any interruption. At the same time, a cyberattack on any of the clustered computer can put servers and customer devices in danger. A memory dump mechanism can capture the contents of memory in the event of a system or device crash such as corrupted les, damaged hardware, or irregular CPU power consumption. In this paper, we present a smart memory forensics scheme to recognize malicious attacks over high availability servers by capturing the memory dump of suspicious processes in the form of RGB visual images. Second, the local and global properties of malware images are captured using local binary patterns (LBP) and gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). A state-of-the-art t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding scheme (t-SNE) is applied to reduce data dimensionality and improve the detection time of unknown malwares and their variants. An optimized CNN model is designed to predict malicious les harming servers or user devices. roughout this study, we employed public data set of 4294 malicious samples covering malware variants and benign executables. A baseline is prepared to compare the performance of proposed model with state-of-the-art malware detection methods. e combined LBP + GLCM feature extraction along with t-SNE dimensionality reduction scheme further improved the detection accuracy by 98%, whereas the detection time is also increased by 73x. e overall performance shows that memory forensics is more e ective for malware detection in terms accuracy and response time.

Certificate-Based Signcryption Scheme for Securing Wireless Communication in Industrial Internet of Things

IEEE Access

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) community is concerned about the security of wireless co... more The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) community is concerned about the security of wireless communications between interconnected industries and autonomous systems. Providing a cyber-security framework for the IIoT offers a thorough comprehension of the whole spectrum of securing interconnected industries, from the edge to the cloud. Several signcryption schemes based on either identity-based or certificateless configurations are available in the literature to address the IIoT's security concerns. Due to the identity-based/certificateless nature of the available signcryption schemes, however, issues such as key escrow and partial private key distribution occur. To address these difficulties, we propose a Certificate-Based Signcryption (CBS) solution for IIoT in this article. Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptosystem (HECC), a lightweight version of Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC), was employed to construct the proposed scheme, which offers security and cost-efficiency. The HECC utilizes 80-bit keys with fewer parameters than the ECC and Bilinear Pairing (BP). The comparison of performance in terms of computation and communication costs reveals that the proposed scheme provides robust security with minimal communication and communication costs. Moreover, we used Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) to assess the security toughness, and the results show that the proposed scheme is secure. INDEX TERMS Certificate-based signcryption, industrial internet of things, wireless communication, HECC, AVISPA.

A Privacy-Preserved Internet-of-Medical-Things Scheme for Eradication and Control of Dengue Using UAV

Micromachines

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection, found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide... more Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection, found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. Countries like Pakistan receive heavy rains annually resulting in floods in urban cities due to poor drainage systems. Currently, different cities of Pakistan are at high risk of dengue outbreaks, as multiple dengue cases have been reported due to poor flood control and drainage systems. After heavy rain in urban areas, mosquitoes are provided with a favorable environment for their breeding and transmission through stagnant water due to poor maintenance of the drainage system. The history of the dengue virus in Pakistan shows that there is a closed relationship between dengue outbreaks and a rainfall. There is no specific treatment for dengue; however, the outbreak can be controlled through internet of medical things (IoMT). In this paper, we propose a novel privacy-preserved IoMT model to control dengue virus outbreaks by tracking dengue virus-inf...

Towards the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): A Comprehensive Review

Drones

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have come in a great diversity o... more Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have come in a great diversity of several applications such as military, construction, image and video mapping, medical, search and rescue, parcel delivery, hidden area exploration, oil rigs and power line monitoring, precision farming, wireless communication and aerial surveillance. The drone industry has been getting significant attention as a model of manufacturing, service and delivery convergence, introducing synergy with the coexistence of different emerging domains. UAVs offer implicit peculiarities such as increased airborne time and payload capabilities, swift mobility, and access to remote and disaster areas. Despite these potential features, including extensive variety of usage, high maneuverability, and cost-efficiency, drones are still limited in terms of battery endurance, flight autonomy and constrained flight time to perform persistent missions. Other critical concerns are battery endurance and the weig...

A Conditional Privacy Preserving Generalized Ring Signcryption Scheme for Micro Aerial Vehicles

Micromachines

Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are a type of UAV that are both small and fully autonomous, making t... more Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are a type of UAV that are both small and fully autonomous, making them ideal for both civilian and military applications. Modern MAVs can hover and navigate while carrying several sensors, operate over long distances, and send data to a portable base station. Despite their many benefits, MAVs often encounter obstacles due to limitations in the embedded system (such as memory, processing power, energy, etc.). Due to these obstacles and the use of open wireless communication channels, MAVs are vulnerable to a variety of cyber-physical attacks. Consequently, MAVs cannot execute complex cryptographic algorithms due to their limited computing power. In light of these considerations, this article proposes a conditional privacy-preserving generalized ring signcryption scheme for MAVs using an identity-based cryptosystem. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), with a key size of 160 bits, is used in the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme’s security robustness has...

A Novel Monopole Ultra-Wide-Band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Antenna with Triple-Notched Characteristics for Enhanced Wireless Communication and Portable Systems

Sensors

This study introduces a monopole 4 × 4 Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO... more This study introduces a monopole 4 × 4 Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna system with a novel structure and outstanding performance. The proposed design has triple-notched characteristics due to CSRR etching and a C-shaped curve. The notching occurs in 4.5 GHz, 5.5 GHz, and 8.8 GHz frequencies in the C-band, WLAN band, and satellite network, respectively. Complementary Split-Ring Resonators (CSRR) are etched at the feed line and ground plane, and a C-shaped curve is used to reduce interference between the ultra-wide band and narrowband. The mutual coupling of CSRR enables the MIMO architecture to achieve high isolation and polarisation diversity. With prototype dimensions of (60.4 × 60.4) mm2, the proposed antenna design is small. The simulated and measured results show good agreement, indicating the effectiveness of the UWB-MIMO antenna for wireless communication and portable systems.

Flipping Trash Can

March DSS: Memory Diagnostic Test

Performance of Parallel Distributed Bat Algorithm using MPI on a PC Cluster

by Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC) and Fazal Noor

Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC), 2020

Optimization algorithms are often used to obtain optimal solutions to complex nonlinear problems ... more Optimization algorithms are often used to obtain optimal solutions to complex nonlinear problems and appear in many areas such as control, communication, computation, and others. Bat algorithm is a heuristic optimization algorithm and efficient in obtaining approximate best solutions to non-linear problems. In many situations complex problems involve large amount of computations that may require simulations to run for days or weeks or even years for an algorithm to converge to a solution. In this research, a Parallel Distributed Bat Algorithm (PDBA) is formulated using Message Passing Interface (MPI) in C language code for a PC Cluster. The time complexity of PDBA is determined and presented. The performance in terms of speed-up, efficiency, elapsed time, and number of times fitness function is executed is also presented.

Pattern Recognition using a Neural Network on a Microcontroller with I2C Ultrasonic Sensors

by Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC) and Fazal Noor

Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC), Jan 1, 2019

Ultrasonic sensors have been used in a variety of applications to measure ranges to objects. Hand... more Ultrasonic sensors have been used in a variety of applications to measure ranges to objects. Hand gestures via ultrasonic sensors form unique motion patterns for controls. In this research, patterns formed by placing a set of objects in a grid of cells are used for control purposes. A neural network algorithm is implemented on a microcontroller which takes in range signals as inputs read from ultrasonic sensors and classifies them in one of four classes. The neural network is then trained to classify patterns based on objects' locations in real-time. The testing of the neural network for pattern recognition is performed on a testbed consisting of Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) ultrasonic sensors and a microcontroller. The performance of the proposed model is presented and it is observed the model is highly scalable, accurate, robust and reliable for applications requiring high accuracy such as in robotics and artificial intelligence.

Distinguishing medical drugs from a large set of side effects using a distributed genetic algorithm on a PC cluster

2015 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2015

Fingerprint Verification Using Cloud Services with Message Passing Interface Over PC Clusters

Nowadays cloud-computing services are being offered by various organizations. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) ... more Nowadays cloud-computing services are being offered by various organizations. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks can be used as a collaborative computing environment to solve computationally intensive problems. In this work, we use a PC cluster to simulate a P2P network and present results of a computationally intensive image matching algorithm (fingerprint verification). Collective communications are used to transfer images to destination peers over a network. Communication to computation time ratio are calculated of transferring of fingerprint images of various sizes on the internet. As transfer of raw images are communication intensive, a proposed method is to use FBI approved Wavelet Scalar Quantization (WSQ) compression method at the source before transmitting to the destination nodes. We study the viability of fingerprint identification and/or verification service offered by cloud computing. In particular, we present a distributed fingerprint verification algorithm.

An Empirical Study of MPI over PC Clusters

Ethernet Homogeneous Beowulf PC cluster. In this way we provide an insight on the factors that af... more Ethernet Homogeneous Beowulf PC cluster. In this way we provide an insight on the factors that affect P2P applications over an enterprise context such as the emerging Cloud-based services. By contrast to the literature, which includes mostly theoretical studies, we carry out an empirical study. We show that the bahaviour of scatter and gather are most unpredictable in comparison with other collective functions.

Dataset of Large Gathering Images for Person Identification and Tracking in Intelligent Video Surveillance Applications

Figshare, 2022

An Efficient and Secure Certificateless Aggregate Signature Scheme for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

Future Internet, Aug 10, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

A Privacy-Preserved Internet-of-Medical-Things Scheme for Eradication and Control of Dengue Using UAV

Micromachines, Oct 10, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

A Conditional Privacy Preserving Heterogeneous Signcryption Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Enabling Secure Communication in Wireless Body Area Networks with Heterogeneous Authentication Scheme

Sensors

Thanks to the widespread availability of Fifth Generation (5G) wireless connectivity, it is now p... more Thanks to the widespread availability of Fifth Generation (5G) wireless connectivity, it is now possible to provide preventative or proactive healthcare services from any location and at any time. As a result of this technological improvement, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have emerged as a new study of research in the field of healthcare in recent years. WBANs, on the one hand, intend to gather and monitor data from the human body and its surroundings; on the other hand, biomedical devices and sensors interact through an open wireless channel, making them exposed to a range of cyber threats. However, WBANs are a heterogeneous-based system; heterogeneous cryptography is necessary, in which the transmitter and receiver can employ different types of public key cryptography. This article proposes an improved and efficient heterogeneous authentication scheme with a conditional privacy-preserving strategy that provides secure communication in WBANs. In the proposed scheme, we emplo...

An Efficient and Conditional Privacy-Preserving Heterogeneous Signcryption Scheme for the Internet of Drones

Sensors

The Internet of Drones (IoD) is a network for drones that utilizes the existing Internet of Thing... more The Internet of Drones (IoD) is a network for drones that utilizes the existing Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure to facilitate mission fulfilment through real-time data transfer and navigation services. IoD deployments, on the other hand, are often conducted in public wireless settings, which raises serious security and privacy concerns. A key source of these security and privacy concerns is the fact that drones often connect with one another through an unprotected wireless channel. Second, limits on the central processing unit (CPU), sensor, storage, and battery capacity make the execution of complicated cryptographic methods onboard a drone impossible. Signcryption is a promising method for overcoming these computational and security limitations. Additionally, in an IoD setting, drones and the ground station (GS) may employ various cryptosystems in a particular region. In this article, we offer a heterogeneous signcryption scheme with a conditional privacy-preservation opti...

Dataset of Large Gathering Images for Person Identification and Tracking

Computers, Materials & Continua

This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by ... more This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by 24 cameras installed on the premises of Masjid Al-Nabvi, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. This dataset consists of raw and processed images reflecting a highly challenging and unconstraint environment. The methodology for building the dataset consists of four core phases; that include acquisition of videos, extraction of frames, localization of face regions, and cropping and resizing of detected face regions. The raw images in the dataset consist of a total of 4613 frames obtained from video sequences. The processed images in the dataset consist of the face regions of 250 persons extracted from raw data images to ensure the authenticity of the presented data. The dataset further consists of 8 images corresponding to each of the 250 subjects (persons) for a total of 2000 images. It portrays a highly unconstrained and challenging environment with human faces of varying sizes and pixel quality (resolution). Since the face regions in video sequences are severely degraded due to various unavoidable factors, it can be used as a benchmark to test and evaluate face detection and recognition algorithms for research purposes. We have also gathered and displayed records of the presence of subjects who appear in presented frames; in a temporal context. This can also be used as a temporal benchmark for tracking, finding persons, activity monitoring, and crowd counting in large crowd scenarios.

A Malware Detection Scheme via Smart Memory Forensics for Windows Devices

Mobile Information Systems, Oct 3, 2022

With the introduction of 4G/5G Internet and the increase in the number of users, the malicious cy... more With the introduction of 4G/5G Internet and the increase in the number of users, the malicious cyberattacks on computing devices have been increased making them vulnerable to external threats. High availability windows servers are designed to ensure delivery of consistent services such as business activities and e-services to their customers without any interruption. At the same time, a cyberattack on any of the clustered computer can put servers and customer devices in danger. A memory dump mechanism can capture the contents of memory in the event of a system or device crash such as corrupted les, damaged hardware, or irregular CPU power consumption. In this paper, we present a smart memory forensics scheme to recognize malicious attacks over high availability servers by capturing the memory dump of suspicious processes in the form of RGB visual images. Second, the local and global properties of malware images are captured using local binary patterns (LBP) and gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). A state-of-the-art t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding scheme (t-SNE) is applied to reduce data dimensionality and improve the detection time of unknown malwares and their variants. An optimized CNN model is designed to predict malicious les harming servers or user devices. roughout this study, we employed public data set of 4294 malicious samples covering malware variants and benign executables. A baseline is prepared to compare the performance of proposed model with state-of-the-art malware detection methods. e combined LBP + GLCM feature extraction along with t-SNE dimensionality reduction scheme further improved the detection accuracy by 98%, whereas the detection time is also increased by 73x. e overall performance shows that memory forensics is more e ective for malware detection in terms accuracy and response time.

Certificate-Based Signcryption Scheme for Securing Wireless Communication in Industrial Internet of Things

IEEE Access

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) community is concerned about the security of wireless co... more The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) community is concerned about the security of wireless communications between interconnected industries and autonomous systems. Providing a cyber-security framework for the IIoT offers a thorough comprehension of the whole spectrum of securing interconnected industries, from the edge to the cloud. Several signcryption schemes based on either identity-based or certificateless configurations are available in the literature to address the IIoT's security concerns. Due to the identity-based/certificateless nature of the available signcryption schemes, however, issues such as key escrow and partial private key distribution occur. To address these difficulties, we propose a Certificate-Based Signcryption (CBS) solution for IIoT in this article. Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptosystem (HECC), a lightweight version of Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC), was employed to construct the proposed scheme, which offers security and cost-efficiency. The HECC utilizes 80-bit keys with fewer parameters than the ECC and Bilinear Pairing (BP). The comparison of performance in terms of computation and communication costs reveals that the proposed scheme provides robust security with minimal communication and communication costs. Moreover, we used Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) to assess the security toughness, and the results show that the proposed scheme is secure. INDEX TERMS Certificate-based signcryption, industrial internet of things, wireless communication, HECC, AVISPA.

A Privacy-Preserved Internet-of-Medical-Things Scheme for Eradication and Control of Dengue Using UAV

Micromachines

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection, found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide... more Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection, found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. Countries like Pakistan receive heavy rains annually resulting in floods in urban cities due to poor drainage systems. Currently, different cities of Pakistan are at high risk of dengue outbreaks, as multiple dengue cases have been reported due to poor flood control and drainage systems. After heavy rain in urban areas, mosquitoes are provided with a favorable environment for their breeding and transmission through stagnant water due to poor maintenance of the drainage system. The history of the dengue virus in Pakistan shows that there is a closed relationship between dengue outbreaks and a rainfall. There is no specific treatment for dengue; however, the outbreak can be controlled through internet of medical things (IoMT). In this paper, we propose a novel privacy-preserved IoMT model to control dengue virus outbreaks by tracking dengue virus-inf...

Towards the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): A Comprehensive Review

Drones

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have come in a great diversity o... more Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, have come in a great diversity of several applications such as military, construction, image and video mapping, medical, search and rescue, parcel delivery, hidden area exploration, oil rigs and power line monitoring, precision farming, wireless communication and aerial surveillance. The drone industry has been getting significant attention as a model of manufacturing, service and delivery convergence, introducing synergy with the coexistence of different emerging domains. UAVs offer implicit peculiarities such as increased airborne time and payload capabilities, swift mobility, and access to remote and disaster areas. Despite these potential features, including extensive variety of usage, high maneuverability, and cost-efficiency, drones are still limited in terms of battery endurance, flight autonomy and constrained flight time to perform persistent missions. Other critical concerns are battery endurance and the weig...

A Conditional Privacy Preserving Generalized Ring Signcryption Scheme for Micro Aerial Vehicles

Micromachines

Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are a type of UAV that are both small and fully autonomous, making t... more Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are a type of UAV that are both small and fully autonomous, making them ideal for both civilian and military applications. Modern MAVs can hover and navigate while carrying several sensors, operate over long distances, and send data to a portable base station. Despite their many benefits, MAVs often encounter obstacles due to limitations in the embedded system (such as memory, processing power, energy, etc.). Due to these obstacles and the use of open wireless communication channels, MAVs are vulnerable to a variety of cyber-physical attacks. Consequently, MAVs cannot execute complex cryptographic algorithms due to their limited computing power. In light of these considerations, this article proposes a conditional privacy-preserving generalized ring signcryption scheme for MAVs using an identity-based cryptosystem. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), with a key size of 160 bits, is used in the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme’s security robustness has...

A Novel Monopole Ultra-Wide-Band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Antenna with Triple-Notched Characteristics for Enhanced Wireless Communication and Portable Systems

Sensors

This study introduces a monopole 4 × 4 Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO... more This study introduces a monopole 4 × 4 Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna system with a novel structure and outstanding performance. The proposed design has triple-notched characteristics due to CSRR etching and a C-shaped curve. The notching occurs in 4.5 GHz, 5.5 GHz, and 8.8 GHz frequencies in the C-band, WLAN band, and satellite network, respectively. Complementary Split-Ring Resonators (CSRR) are etched at the feed line and ground plane, and a C-shaped curve is used to reduce interference between the ultra-wide band and narrowband. The mutual coupling of CSRR enables the MIMO architecture to achieve high isolation and polarisation diversity. With prototype dimensions of (60.4 × 60.4) mm2, the proposed antenna design is small. The simulated and measured results show good agreement, indicating the effectiveness of the UWB-MIMO antenna for wireless communication and portable systems.

Flipping Trash Can

March DSS: Memory Diagnostic Test

Performance of Parallel Distributed Bat Algorithm using MPI on a PC Cluster

by Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC) and Fazal Noor

Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC), 2020

Optimization algorithms are often used to obtain optimal solutions to complex nonlinear problems ... more Optimization algorithms are often used to obtain optimal solutions to complex nonlinear problems and appear in many areas such as control, communication, computation, and others. Bat algorithm is a heuristic optimization algorithm and efficient in obtaining approximate best solutions to non-linear problems. In many situations complex problems involve large amount of computations that may require simulations to run for days or weeks or even years for an algorithm to converge to a solution. In this research, a Parallel Distributed Bat Algorithm (PDBA) is formulated using Message Passing Interface (MPI) in C language code for a PC Cluster. The time complexity of PDBA is determined and presented. The performance in terms of speed-up, efficiency, elapsed time, and number of times fitness function is executed is also presented.

Pattern Recognition using a Neural Network on a Microcontroller with I2C Ultrasonic Sensors

by Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC) and Fazal Noor

Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing (AETiC), Jan 1, 2019

Ultrasonic sensors have been used in a variety of applications to measure ranges to objects. Hand... more Ultrasonic sensors have been used in a variety of applications to measure ranges to objects. Hand gestures via ultrasonic sensors form unique motion patterns for controls. In this research, patterns formed by placing a set of objects in a grid of cells are used for control purposes. A neural network algorithm is implemented on a microcontroller which takes in range signals as inputs read from ultrasonic sensors and classifies them in one of four classes. The neural network is then trained to classify patterns based on objects' locations in real-time. The testing of the neural network for pattern recognition is performed on a testbed consisting of Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) ultrasonic sensors and a microcontroller. The performance of the proposed model is presented and it is observed the model is highly scalable, accurate, robust and reliable for applications requiring high accuracy such as in robotics and artificial intelligence.

Distinguishing medical drugs from a large set of side effects using a distributed genetic algorithm on a PC cluster

2015 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2015

Fingerprint Verification Using Cloud Services with Message Passing Interface Over PC Clusters

Nowadays cloud-computing services are being offered by various organizations. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) ... more Nowadays cloud-computing services are being offered by various organizations. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks can be used as a collaborative computing environment to solve computationally intensive problems. In this work, we use a PC cluster to simulate a P2P network and present results of a computationally intensive image matching algorithm (fingerprint verification). Collective communications are used to transfer images to destination peers over a network. Communication to computation time ratio are calculated of transferring of fingerprint images of various sizes on the internet. As transfer of raw images are communication intensive, a proposed method is to use FBI approved Wavelet Scalar Quantization (WSQ) compression method at the source before transmitting to the destination nodes. We study the viability of fingerprint identification and/or verification service offered by cloud computing. In particular, we present a distributed fingerprint verification algorithm.

An Empirical Study of MPI over PC Clusters

Ethernet Homogeneous Beowulf PC cluster. In this way we provide an insight on the factors that af... more Ethernet Homogeneous Beowulf PC cluster. In this way we provide an insight on the factors that affect P2P applications over an enterprise context such as the emerging Cloud-based services. By contrast to the literature, which includes mostly theoretical studies, we carry out an empirical study. We show that the bahaviour of scatter and gather are most unpredictable in comparison with other collective functions.