University of Jos Journal of Political Science, 2024
The Gulf of Guinea has emerged as a focal point of concern due to its entrenched armed criminalit... more The Gulf of Guinea has emerged as a focal point of concern due to its entrenched armed criminality, which poses significant threats to regional stability and food security. Rooted in systemic issues such as bad governance, corruption, and socioeconomic disparities, the region grapples with recurrent violent conflicts fueled by struggles for economic control. Rural banditry, a pervasive form of domestic insurgency, exacerbates these challenges, undermining efforts towards regional integration and security in West Africa. This paper examines the dynamics of armed criminality within Nigeria, shedding light on its international security implications and its impact on broader regional security initiatives. Drawing from secondary data sources, the study identifies rural banditry as a multifaceted conflict driven by resource competition, elite collusion, and socioeconomic deprivation. Factors such as bad governance, climate change, and the erosion of traditional livelihoods further compound the crisis, transforming it into a sub-regional threat with far-reaching consequences. The implications of armed criminality extend beyond immediate security concerns, manifesting in radicalised youth, heightened unemployment, and illicit trade networks across the sub-region. Moreover, the collapse of agricultural and livestock sectors, the proliferation of small arms, and the erosion of traditional institutions exacerbate the crisis, fostering ethnic tensions and refugee influxes. In response, the paper advocates for a comprehensive review of regional security frameworks, emphasising enhanced intelligence cooperation among ECOWAS countries and bolstered border surveillance. Furthermore, community-based dialogue and awareness initiatives are recommended to mitigate the root causes of rural banditry and foster sustainable peace and stability across West Africa.
Journal of Public Administration,Policy and Governance Research(JPAPGR), 2024
Since the reintroduction of multiparty democracy in Nigeria in 1999, ethnicity and religion are a... more Since the reintroduction of multiparty democracy in Nigeria in 1999, ethnicity and religion are arguably the most profoundly complex issues that have influenced the electioneering process in the country. This study therefore seeks to find out the extent to which these twin factors influenced the 2023 general elections. It is methodologically structured using qualitative and quantitative methods. Both methods draw their information and data from secondary sources-textbooks, journal articles, publications from international institution, INEC portal, newspapers and internet sources. These were presented in tabular form and analyzed using simple percentages, described and explained within the context of the subject matter under investigations. Discussions were focused under four political parties; APC, PDP, LP and NNPP. In making this choice, the paper recognized the importance of the mandatory 25% constitutional provision as a condition for the declaration of the winner of any presidential elections in the country. The results reveal that ethnicity and religious factors played a role in the voting patterns of Nigerians in certain areas, but the eventual outcome was determined by non-compliance of INEC with electoral laws, weaknesses in opposition parties, and the politicization of the judiciary. Therefore, it recommended that unless these anomalies are strengthened, future presidential elections will continue to be mirage.
This study investigates the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in pea... more This study investigates the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in peacebuilding efforts in Mali and Burkina Faso. Through a comprehensive analysis, it examines ECOWAS's effectiveness in peacebuilding, specific outcomes in Mali and Burkina Faso, challenges faced, and cooperation with other stakeholders. Findings reveal ECOWAS's significant contributions to conflict mediation, peacekeeping, and humanitarian aid in Mali, leading to security stabilization and dialogue facilitation. Similarly, in Burkina Faso, ECOWAS's focus on capacity building and conflict prevention initiatives positively impacted stability. Challenges include internal dissent, external pressures, and funding shortages. However, ECOWAS demonstrates a commitment to regional cooperation and engagement with stakeholders. Recommendations to enhance ECOWAS's peacebuilding effectiveness include prioritizing internal cohesion, proactive diplomacy, resource mobilization, and conflict prevention strategies. Implementation of these recommendations can strengthen ECOWAS's role in promoting sustainable peace and stability in West Africa.
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
Democracy and Electoral Integrity In The Nigerian 2023 General Elections: An Assessment. , 2024
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
The Middle East has been marked by significant volatility since the post-World War II era, witnes... more The Middle East has been marked by significant volatility since the post-World War II era, witnessing over ten wars between the Arabs and Israelis alone from 1948 to 2023. Thus, this study focuses on the Hamas-Israel conflict in Gaza and its implications for Middle East stability. The study is methodologically structured in qualitative method whereby data are drawn from secondary sources. Several major conflicts,
Multinational Corporationa:Agents of Imperialism and Underdevelopment in Third World States:A Study of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, 2022
The role of Multinational Corporations in the development and underdevelopment of the less develo... more The role of Multinational Corporations in the development and underdevelopment of the less developed countries (LDCs) has provoked hot debates in recent times, considering their activities and attitudes towards the host communities of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Multinational Corporations seek out societies with low production costs, poor working conditions, and abundant and easily exploitable resources, where profits can be maximized and repatriated without legal constraints. It has been argued that the activities of Multinational Corporations in the less developed countries (LDCs) have somehow crushed national prospects for egalitarian and sustainable development in the host nations as against the popular view by the liberals that, Multinational Corporations are essentially agents of economic development in the host nations. This paper will therefore examine critically the role of Multinational Corporations in the development and/or underdevelopment of the less developed countries (LDCs).
Journal of Public Administration,Policy and Governance Research(jpapgr), 2024
After decades of political independence in numerous African nations, the assertion that Africa sh... more After decades of political independence in numerous African nations, the assertion that Africa should rely on externally imported economic development models for its progress raises considerable concerns. Specifically, in the case of most countries in West Africa, these imported economic models have seemingly led to widespread misery and poverty among their citizens. The adoption of such models appears to have favoured the West, disproportionately benefiting developed countries in terms of driving economic growth across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This debate has gained prominence in Nigeria, evident in the evolving consumption patterns, lifestyles, and cultural shifts observed over time in the lives of its people. Notably, this has posed challenges for the poorest countries, hindering their ability to preserve their cultural identities, which have been overshadowed by Western cultural influences. While it is arguable whether Western values are inherently superior to non-Western values, it is indisputable that Western nations have demonstrated creativity, disciplined political leadership, and strong democratic institutions that have significantly contributed to their development. Thus, the assertion is made that no culture is inherently superior to another in terms of development. The paramount factor lies in a nation's capacity to adapt its culture to stimulate development and address immediate and future needs. It is crucial to acknowledge that developing countries, such as Nigeria, have indeed made contributions to global development. The rich natural resources of Nigeria have not only contributed but have also sustained and will continue to sustain development in industrialized countries.
Journal of Public Administration, Policy and Governance Research (JPAPGR), , 2024
This paper examines some of most complex and intriguing issues surrounding the Russian invasion o... more This paper examines some of most complex and intriguing issues surrounding the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the role of UNSC and the five Permanent Members(P5) with veto powers. It raises a fundamental question whether we should hope that the world would be a better place if the P5 are tripped of the veto. To address this question, the study attempts a critical analysis of debates surrounding the relevance of the veto power exercised by the P5. And examined moral challenge of the P5 in the exercise of the veto power. The study adopted the qualitative content analysis approach whereby data collected from secondary source were reviewed and analyzed within the purview of the study. The paper argued that the five permanent member veto option remain an instrument of the last resort in the resistance against uncontested power and casual use of the veto by powerful nations; as the P5 have held the UN together despite the veto diametrically opposed blocs. Finally, conclude in a way of policy prescription as an alternative.
journal of public Administration,Policy and Governance Research
The study on "Privatization of Military and Security Companies: A Threat and Risk Analysis" exami... more The study on "Privatization of Military and Security Companies: A Threat and Risk Analysis" examines the involvement of PMCs in the proliferation of SALWs and their impact on the security of states in Africa, particularly Nigeria. The carnage caused by the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II drove the world to the threat of possible human extermination through weapons of mass destruction. Consequently, various organizations, particularly the United Nations, regional bodies, and non-state actors, have attempted to ensure global safety. To prevent and monitor the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, the United Nations (UN) created the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on July 29, 1957. Since the end of the Cold War, however, it has become a sobering reality that SALWs, rather than WMDs, are responsible for the vast majority of casualties in internal conflicts worldwide. It is accurate to label SALWs as "weapons of mass destruction" due to the devastation they cause. This primary gap is what we aim to address with this research. The study employed a qualitative approach to data analysis, drawing from primary and secondary sources, including existing literature on the topic and related documents. Existing data on this subject revealed a potentially disastrous aspect of the spread of SALWs throughout sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria in particular. Similarly, the research findings concluded that small arms and light weapons (SALWs) have never been subjected to any systematic, traceable transfer mechanism, nor have they been recognized as strategically important to global safety. This situation persisted until the end of the Cold War when asymmetric warfare in the world's weakest nations began to threaten state disintegration. The study concludes that numerous factors contribute to the widespread proliferation of SALWs in Nigeria, including but not limited to porous borders, activities of private military and security companies, rogue arms brokers, corruption, sales of arms to civilians by security operatives, and weak arms control mechanisms.
This study examined the role of ethnicity in the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in the 20... more This study examined the role of ethnicity in the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in the 2015 presidential election. It adopted both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative method involved data that was collated from secondary sources while the quantitative method involved data obtained from the INEC website concerning the 2015 general election results. Information and data from these sources were cogently described, explained, and analyzed within the context of the subject matter under investigation. In some instances, calculations were made using simple percentages, and in this way, deductively informed conclusions were made. The findings revealed that ethnicity was the number one factor that influenced the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in general and the outcome of the 2015 general election in particular. Based on this finding, the paper recommended, among other things, that the zoning option be strengthened to discourage ethnicity in voting patterns.
On the 31 st October 2000 unanimously adopted Resolution 1325 and mandated member states to domes... more On the 31 st October 2000 unanimously adopted Resolution 1325 and mandated member states to domesticate this resolution as a matter of national policy. This paper examines some of the contentious issues that arose with the implementation of that resolution in Nigeria. It adopted a purely qualitative approach whereby data drawn from secondary sources were analyzed, described and explained within the context of the subject matter under discussion. The study revealed that the implementation of Resolution 1325 in Nigeria was pregnant with political, economic, socio-cultural and constitutional challenges. The paper recommended strict application of the quota system whereby a certain percentage of government appointments would be reserved for women. After all, countries such as Rwanda and France adopted this system and achieved progress. Once this system is applied in Nigeria, then the objectives for which UNSCR 1325 stood for will be achievable.
In recent years, there has been much discussion and attention on the amount of poverty and enviro... more In recent years, there has been much discussion and attention on the amount of poverty and environmental damage in Nigeria’s Niger Delta area as a result of oil drilling by international oil firms. There is little doubt that the actions of international oil firms have caused significant harm to this region’s oil producing areas. The ecological damage caused by oil exploration has rendered farming and fishing, which are the primary professions of this region’s rural population, obsolete. Several years of oil exploration by major international oil firms, as well as the risks of spills and gas flaring that accompany it, have destroyed the region’s ecosystem and left the town barren. As a result, this research investigates the effects of oil exploration on the inhabitants of the Niger Delta region. It also investigates the region’s level of environmental deterioration and deplorable poverty. The study will also address the interconnectivity dynamics that exist between environmental deg...
Journal of Liberty and International Affairs Institute for Research and European Studies - Bitola, Jun 14, 2022
This study examines the normative hypothesis explaining the nexus between terrorism and Abrahamic... more This study examines the normative hypothesis explaining the nexus between terrorism and Abrahamic religious tradition, particularly the Boko Haram Islamic fundamentalist sect in NorthEastern Nigeria. It is methodologically structured in quantitative and qualitative methods, where data and information are retrieved from primary and secondary sources. These were presented in a tabular form and analyzed descriptively within the context of the subject matter under investigation. The findings reveal that, beyond the classical arguments usually provided by the Abrahamic religious tradition school, the real reason behind global terrorism is for some overzealous religious bigots to establish a caliphate that will enable them to influence the international system. Based on these findings, the study concluded that the war against global terrorism would be a mirage unless national governments and international organizations fully address these fundamental issues.
University of Jos Journal of Political Science, 2024
The Gulf of Guinea has emerged as a focal point of concern due to its entrenched armed criminalit... more The Gulf of Guinea has emerged as a focal point of concern due to its entrenched armed criminality, which poses significant threats to regional stability and food security. Rooted in systemic issues such as bad governance, corruption, and socioeconomic disparities, the region grapples with recurrent violent conflicts fueled by struggles for economic control. Rural banditry, a pervasive form of domestic insurgency, exacerbates these challenges, undermining efforts towards regional integration and security in West Africa. This paper examines the dynamics of armed criminality within Nigeria, shedding light on its international security implications and its impact on broader regional security initiatives. Drawing from secondary data sources, the study identifies rural banditry as a multifaceted conflict driven by resource competition, elite collusion, and socioeconomic deprivation. Factors such as bad governance, climate change, and the erosion of traditional livelihoods further compound the crisis, transforming it into a sub-regional threat with far-reaching consequences. The implications of armed criminality extend beyond immediate security concerns, manifesting in radicalised youth, heightened unemployment, and illicit trade networks across the sub-region. Moreover, the collapse of agricultural and livestock sectors, the proliferation of small arms, and the erosion of traditional institutions exacerbate the crisis, fostering ethnic tensions and refugee influxes. In response, the paper advocates for a comprehensive review of regional security frameworks, emphasising enhanced intelligence cooperation among ECOWAS countries and bolstered border surveillance. Furthermore, community-based dialogue and awareness initiatives are recommended to mitigate the root causes of rural banditry and foster sustainable peace and stability across West Africa.
Journal of Public Administration,Policy and Governance Research(JPAPGR), 2024
Since the reintroduction of multiparty democracy in Nigeria in 1999, ethnicity and religion are a... more Since the reintroduction of multiparty democracy in Nigeria in 1999, ethnicity and religion are arguably the most profoundly complex issues that have influenced the electioneering process in the country. This study therefore seeks to find out the extent to which these twin factors influenced the 2023 general elections. It is methodologically structured using qualitative and quantitative methods. Both methods draw their information and data from secondary sources-textbooks, journal articles, publications from international institution, INEC portal, newspapers and internet sources. These were presented in tabular form and analyzed using simple percentages, described and explained within the context of the subject matter under investigations. Discussions were focused under four political parties; APC, PDP, LP and NNPP. In making this choice, the paper recognized the importance of the mandatory 25% constitutional provision as a condition for the declaration of the winner of any presidential elections in the country. The results reveal that ethnicity and religious factors played a role in the voting patterns of Nigerians in certain areas, but the eventual outcome was determined by non-compliance of INEC with electoral laws, weaknesses in opposition parties, and the politicization of the judiciary. Therefore, it recommended that unless these anomalies are strengthened, future presidential elections will continue to be mirage.
This study investigates the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in pea... more This study investigates the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in peacebuilding efforts in Mali and Burkina Faso. Through a comprehensive analysis, it examines ECOWAS's effectiveness in peacebuilding, specific outcomes in Mali and Burkina Faso, challenges faced, and cooperation with other stakeholders. Findings reveal ECOWAS's significant contributions to conflict mediation, peacekeeping, and humanitarian aid in Mali, leading to security stabilization and dialogue facilitation. Similarly, in Burkina Faso, ECOWAS's focus on capacity building and conflict prevention initiatives positively impacted stability. Challenges include internal dissent, external pressures, and funding shortages. However, ECOWAS demonstrates a commitment to regional cooperation and engagement with stakeholders. Recommendations to enhance ECOWAS's peacebuilding effectiveness include prioritizing internal cohesion, proactive diplomacy, resource mobilization, and conflict prevention strategies. Implementation of these recommendations can strengthen ECOWAS's role in promoting sustainable peace and stability in West Africa.
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
Democracy and Electoral Integrity In The Nigerian 2023 General Elections: An Assessment. , 2024
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general ... more This paper examines some of the most profoundly complex factors that influenced the 2023 general election process and its outcome in Nigeria. Methodologically structured in qualitative method, it drew its data from secondary sources; textbooks, journals, internet, official INEC website and from over 26 Nigerian daily Newspapers. These were contently analyzed within the context of the subject matter under consideration. Findings reveal that despite the optimism generated by INEC's improved electoral technologies; Bi-modal Voting Accreditation System(BVAS) and INEC's Results Viewing Portal(IREV) which aimed at guaranteeing the transparency of electoral results, the 2023 general elections was held amid difficult environment characterized by wide spread insecurity and uncertain governmental policies, operational and logistics challenges, malfunctioning electoral technologies, violence and intimidation, electoral fraud, lack of transparency in communication and collation of results, inadequate infrastructure among others. From these findings the paper recommended the imperatives of strengthening the institution of INEC by making it truly independent and in this way, it can guarantee a fraud-free election which will be a reflection of the will of Nigerians. This will bolster democracy and foster a more stable future elections in the country.
The Middle East has been marked by significant volatility since the post-World War II era, witnes... more The Middle East has been marked by significant volatility since the post-World War II era, witnessing over ten wars between the Arabs and Israelis alone from 1948 to 2023. Thus, this study focuses on the Hamas-Israel conflict in Gaza and its implications for Middle East stability. The study is methodologically structured in qualitative method whereby data are drawn from secondary sources. Several major conflicts,
Multinational Corporationa:Agents of Imperialism and Underdevelopment in Third World States:A Study of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, 2022
The role of Multinational Corporations in the development and underdevelopment of the less develo... more The role of Multinational Corporations in the development and underdevelopment of the less developed countries (LDCs) has provoked hot debates in recent times, considering their activities and attitudes towards the host communities of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Multinational Corporations seek out societies with low production costs, poor working conditions, and abundant and easily exploitable resources, where profits can be maximized and repatriated without legal constraints. It has been argued that the activities of Multinational Corporations in the less developed countries (LDCs) have somehow crushed national prospects for egalitarian and sustainable development in the host nations as against the popular view by the liberals that, Multinational Corporations are essentially agents of economic development in the host nations. This paper will therefore examine critically the role of Multinational Corporations in the development and/or underdevelopment of the less developed countries (LDCs).
Journal of Public Administration,Policy and Governance Research(jpapgr), 2024
After decades of political independence in numerous African nations, the assertion that Africa sh... more After decades of political independence in numerous African nations, the assertion that Africa should rely on externally imported economic development models for its progress raises considerable concerns. Specifically, in the case of most countries in West Africa, these imported economic models have seemingly led to widespread misery and poverty among their citizens. The adoption of such models appears to have favoured the West, disproportionately benefiting developed countries in terms of driving economic growth across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This debate has gained prominence in Nigeria, evident in the evolving consumption patterns, lifestyles, and cultural shifts observed over time in the lives of its people. Notably, this has posed challenges for the poorest countries, hindering their ability to preserve their cultural identities, which have been overshadowed by Western cultural influences. While it is arguable whether Western values are inherently superior to non-Western values, it is indisputable that Western nations have demonstrated creativity, disciplined political leadership, and strong democratic institutions that have significantly contributed to their development. Thus, the assertion is made that no culture is inherently superior to another in terms of development. The paramount factor lies in a nation's capacity to adapt its culture to stimulate development and address immediate and future needs. It is crucial to acknowledge that developing countries, such as Nigeria, have indeed made contributions to global development. The rich natural resources of Nigeria have not only contributed but have also sustained and will continue to sustain development in industrialized countries.
Journal of Public Administration, Policy and Governance Research (JPAPGR), , 2024
This paper examines some of most complex and intriguing issues surrounding the Russian invasion o... more This paper examines some of most complex and intriguing issues surrounding the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the role of UNSC and the five Permanent Members(P5) with veto powers. It raises a fundamental question whether we should hope that the world would be a better place if the P5 are tripped of the veto. To address this question, the study attempts a critical analysis of debates surrounding the relevance of the veto power exercised by the P5. And examined moral challenge of the P5 in the exercise of the veto power. The study adopted the qualitative content analysis approach whereby data collected from secondary source were reviewed and analyzed within the purview of the study. The paper argued that the five permanent member veto option remain an instrument of the last resort in the resistance against uncontested power and casual use of the veto by powerful nations; as the P5 have held the UN together despite the veto diametrically opposed blocs. Finally, conclude in a way of policy prescription as an alternative.
journal of public Administration,Policy and Governance Research
The study on "Privatization of Military and Security Companies: A Threat and Risk Analysis" exami... more The study on "Privatization of Military and Security Companies: A Threat and Risk Analysis" examines the involvement of PMCs in the proliferation of SALWs and their impact on the security of states in Africa, particularly Nigeria. The carnage caused by the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II drove the world to the threat of possible human extermination through weapons of mass destruction. Consequently, various organizations, particularly the United Nations, regional bodies, and non-state actors, have attempted to ensure global safety. To prevent and monitor the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, the United Nations (UN) created the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on July 29, 1957. Since the end of the Cold War, however, it has become a sobering reality that SALWs, rather than WMDs, are responsible for the vast majority of casualties in internal conflicts worldwide. It is accurate to label SALWs as "weapons of mass destruction" due to the devastation they cause. This primary gap is what we aim to address with this research. The study employed a qualitative approach to data analysis, drawing from primary and secondary sources, including existing literature on the topic and related documents. Existing data on this subject revealed a potentially disastrous aspect of the spread of SALWs throughout sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria in particular. Similarly, the research findings concluded that small arms and light weapons (SALWs) have never been subjected to any systematic, traceable transfer mechanism, nor have they been recognized as strategically important to global safety. This situation persisted until the end of the Cold War when asymmetric warfare in the world's weakest nations began to threaten state disintegration. The study concludes that numerous factors contribute to the widespread proliferation of SALWs in Nigeria, including but not limited to porous borders, activities of private military and security companies, rogue arms brokers, corruption, sales of arms to civilians by security operatives, and weak arms control mechanisms.
This study examined the role of ethnicity in the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in the 20... more This study examined the role of ethnicity in the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in the 2015 presidential election. It adopted both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative method involved data that was collated from secondary sources while the quantitative method involved data obtained from the INEC website concerning the 2015 general election results. Information and data from these sources were cogently described, explained, and analyzed within the context of the subject matter under investigation. In some instances, calculations were made using simple percentages, and in this way, deductively informed conclusions were made. The findings revealed that ethnicity was the number one factor that influenced the voting pattern of Nigerian electorates in general and the outcome of the 2015 general election in particular. Based on this finding, the paper recommended, among other things, that the zoning option be strengthened to discourage ethnicity in voting patterns.
On the 31 st October 2000 unanimously adopted Resolution 1325 and mandated member states to domes... more On the 31 st October 2000 unanimously adopted Resolution 1325 and mandated member states to domesticate this resolution as a matter of national policy. This paper examines some of the contentious issues that arose with the implementation of that resolution in Nigeria. It adopted a purely qualitative approach whereby data drawn from secondary sources were analyzed, described and explained within the context of the subject matter under discussion. The study revealed that the implementation of Resolution 1325 in Nigeria was pregnant with political, economic, socio-cultural and constitutional challenges. The paper recommended strict application of the quota system whereby a certain percentage of government appointments would be reserved for women. After all, countries such as Rwanda and France adopted this system and achieved progress. Once this system is applied in Nigeria, then the objectives for which UNSCR 1325 stood for will be achievable.
In recent years, there has been much discussion and attention on the amount of poverty and enviro... more In recent years, there has been much discussion and attention on the amount of poverty and environmental damage in Nigeria’s Niger Delta area as a result of oil drilling by international oil firms. There is little doubt that the actions of international oil firms have caused significant harm to this region’s oil producing areas. The ecological damage caused by oil exploration has rendered farming and fishing, which are the primary professions of this region’s rural population, obsolete. Several years of oil exploration by major international oil firms, as well as the risks of spills and gas flaring that accompany it, have destroyed the region’s ecosystem and left the town barren. As a result, this research investigates the effects of oil exploration on the inhabitants of the Niger Delta region. It also investigates the region’s level of environmental deterioration and deplorable poverty. The study will also address the interconnectivity dynamics that exist between environmental deg...
Journal of Liberty and International Affairs Institute for Research and European Studies - Bitola, Jun 14, 2022
This study examines the normative hypothesis explaining the nexus between terrorism and Abrahamic... more This study examines the normative hypothesis explaining the nexus between terrorism and Abrahamic religious tradition, particularly the Boko Haram Islamic fundamentalist sect in NorthEastern Nigeria. It is methodologically structured in quantitative and qualitative methods, where data and information are retrieved from primary and secondary sources. These were presented in a tabular form and analyzed descriptively within the context of the subject matter under investigation. The findings reveal that, beyond the classical arguments usually provided by the Abrahamic religious tradition school, the real reason behind global terrorism is for some overzealous religious bigots to establish a caliphate that will enable them to influence the international system. Based on these findings, the study concluded that the war against global terrorism would be a mirage unless national governments and international organizations fully address these fundamental issues.
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