Papers by Guillaume Amadji
Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2019
Biogeosciences Discussions, 2017
Agroforestry is an increasingly popular farming system enabling agricultural diversification and ... more Agroforestry is an increasingly popular farming system enabling agricultural diversification and providing several ecosystem services. In agroforestry systems, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are generally increased, but it is difficult to disentangle the different factors responsible for this storage. Organic carbon (OC) inputs to the soil may be larger, but SOC decomposition rates may be modified owing to microclimate, physical protection, or priming effect from roots, especially at depth. We used an 18-year-old silvoarable system associating hybrid walnut trees (Juglans regia × nigra) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum), and an adjacent Biogeosciences Discuss.,
BASE
Description du sujet. Le maraichage est particulièrement développé au sein de l’agriculture urbai... more Description du sujet. Le maraichage est particulièrement développé au sein de l’agriculture urbaine et périurbaine dans la région de Dakar. L’application répétée de matières organiques dans ces agrosystèmes engendre sur le long terme de forts apports d’éléments traces métalliques (ETM). Objectifs. L’objectif est de diagnostiquer la contamination en ETM de ces agrosystèmes. Méthode. Pour quatre sites, nous comparons les teneurs en Cu, Zn, Pb et Cd des parcelles cultivées depuis longtemps et des parcelles connexes non cultivées, dans les couches de sol travaillées et en profondeur. Résultats. Les deux types de sols présents (Arénosol et Fluvisol) sont caractérisés par des fonds pédogéochimiques en ETM significativement différents. Dans les couches de sol 0-20 et 20-40 cm des quatre sites étudiés, les teneurs en ETM sont significativement plus élevées (p < 0,05) dans les parcelles cultivées que dans les parcelles non cultivées. Les Arénosols présentent des teneurs en ETM significati...
BASE, 2016
Description du sujet. Au Bénin, la culture du palmier à huile est largement répandue en milieu vi... more Description du sujet. Au Bénin, la culture du palmier à huile est largement répandue en milieu villageois. L’étude porte sur l’impact du recyclage des feuilles d’élagage sur les propriétés du sol des palmeraies. Objectifs. Évaluer l'effet de deux modes de gestion des feuilles élaguées dans la palmeraie sur le stock de carbone et les propriétés physico-chimiques du sol. Méthode. Six palmeraies villageoises de deux classes d'âges (7-12 ans et 13-24 ans) ont été retenues dans le sud-est du Bénin afin de comparer les propriétés du sol de deux zones : les zones de restitution totale des feuilles d'élagage (RT) et celles de restitution nulle des feuilles (RN) représentant le témoin. Dans chaque palmeraie, le sol sous chaque modalité de recyclage des feuilles a été prélevé, sur fosses, jusqu’à 50 cm de profondeur à proximité de six palmiers. Les propriétés du sol ont été déterminées par des méthodes d’analyse conventionnelles et par la spectroscopie proche infrarouge. Résultats...
Contamination des agrosystèmes par les éléments traces métaliques
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2021
In the traditional cropping systems of Benin Republic, soybean is mostly cultivated with no miner... more In the traditional cropping systems of Benin Republic, soybean is mostly cultivated with no mineral fertilizer supply, despite the decrease of soil fertility. Furthermore, there is no specific fertilizer available for the crop, in spite of its cash crop character. This leads to weak crop yield in the farmers' fields. The present study aims to determine the optimal doses of each N, P, K, Mg and Zn nutrient to improve soybean production in the Sudano-Guinean and Sudanian zones of Benin Republic. Two years (2018 and 2019) experiment has been carried out in Ouessè district (Sudano-Guinean zone) and Bembèrèkè district (Sudanian zone). Box and Behnken rotating design was used to define N, P, K, Mg and Zn dose combinations leading to 46 combinations. A completely randomized block design was set up considering farmers as replication. In total four farmers' fields are selected. A one-way analysis of variance is made on the yield data, using the linear mixed-effect model. Response surface analyses are used to determine the optimal dose for each N, P, K, Mg and Zn. The supply of macronutrients combined with Zn, significantly (p = 0.001) improved the soybean grain and above biomass yields as well as the harvest index. The quadratic models were efficient (R² > 0.7) to estimate soybean grain yields considering the nutrient dose variation. The optimal N, P, K, Mg and Zn doses of 15.46, 23.20, 28.6, 16.8 and 6.9 kg.ha-1 , respectively (for the Sudano-Guinean zone) and 14.02, 23.89, 17.82, 11.45 and 4.26 kg.ha-1 , respectively (for the Sudanian zone) lead to an optimal seed yield of 2 t.ha-1 (that is, almost 2.2 times the yield in the farmers' field). The development of fertilizer formulas using these determined optimal doses would constitute a suitable technology helping to increase soybean production in both areas.
Carbone des sols en Afrique, 2020
Photo 4 e de couverture © IRD/T. Chevallier-Culture de haricots amendée par du fumier de ferme à ... more Photo 4 e de couverture © IRD/T. Chevallier-Culture de haricots amendée par du fumier de ferme à Madagascar.
Many authors have discussed the concept of soil fertility. Despite some disagreement on the exact... more Many authors have discussed the concept of soil fertility. Despite some disagreement on the exact terminology, soil fertility retrospectively appeared to focus generally on the use of soil for agriculture. It was defined some 150 years ago, while agricultural sciences mostly focused on soil physical and chemical properties. More recently, with the increasing awareness of environmental issues related to agricultural land use and the development of new knowledge on ecosystems, more comprehensive approaches to soil quality were developed. Since the 1980s, growing knowledge on the roles of soil organic matter and living organisms has emphasised the importance of understanding and assessing the biological components of the soil and their functions alongside the physical and chemical components. Soil is described as a living system that fulfils several functions, such as primary production, environmental filter and climate regulation. Following the metaphor of a complex living 'organi...
Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic. est le principal ravageur du niebe en culture et en debut de stockag... more Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic. est le principal ravageur du niebe en culture et en debut de stockage. Au cours de cette etude, certains facteurs susceptibles d’influencer sa biologie, son developpement et son comportement dans les cultures de niebe ont ete etudies. Pour ce faire, l’influence de l’alimentation des adultes de cet insecte a base de fleurs de trois especes vegetales, a savoir Balanites aegyptiaca, Neocarya macrophylla, Acacia seyal et Bauhinia rufescens sur sa duree de vie d’une part et, d’autre part, les parametres biologiques et la capacite de discrimination de l’insecte en presence de trois varietes de niebe (une variete locale, KVX et HTR) ont ete etudies. Pour tous les parametres etudies, l’experience est realisee avec des insectes âges d’au plus 24 h. L’analyse des resultats obtenus montre que la duree de vie est prolongee de 02 a 08 jours lorsque les insectes sont nourris comparativement au temoin negatif. Pour le temoin positif qui a consiste a nourrir les insecte...
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In the current context of climate change, oil palm plantations are much criticized because they r... more In the current context of climate change, oil palm plantations are much criticized because they replace large areas of tropical forests. In Benin Republic, located in the Sudano-Guinean region, smallholder's oil palm plantations do not replace forests but old and unproductive croplands. In some of these palm plantations, pruned leaves from the palm trees are deposited to the soil for recycling. A study was conducted in southeastern Benin to evaluate the effect of the input of pruned leaves on soil carbon sequestration in smallholders' plantations. The study area is characterized by a mean annual precipitation in the range 1300-1400 mm. Soils are slightly desaturated ferralsols. Young palm plantations (4-6 year-old), pre-adults (7-12 year-old) and adults (13-20 year-old) were selected. In the young plantations, the leaves pruning is not occurring yet. In the pre-adults and adults plantations, the leaves have been cut down and recycled during respectively 4 years and 10 years,...
International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2021
Aims: This study evaluated the role of sodium, potassium, proline and soluble sugars accumulation... more Aims: This study evaluated the role of sodium, potassium, proline and soluble sugars accumulation in the ameliorative effect of an exogenous application of calcium on the detrimental effect of salinity on tomato plants. Study Design: The experiment was implemented as a Completely Randomized Design (RCD) with four treatments and three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was realized in a green house of the Faculty of Agronomical Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Republic from June to July 2020. Methodology: Three weeks old plants of the tomato cultivar “Padma” was submitted in pots to four treatments comprising the control (without NaCl); salt stress (120 mM NaCl) and a combination of 120 mM NaCl and exogenous application of 40 mM CaSO4 or Ca (NO3)2 by irrigation every two days. Plants growth, sodium (Na) and potassium (K) as well as proline and soluble sugars contents of leaves and roots were determined after two weeks. Results: Salt effect reduced s...
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2021
Purpose The goal of this work is to analyse the environmental impacts across the productive conti... more Purpose The goal of this work is to analyse the environmental impacts across the productive continuum of market gardening in southern Benin, to determine whether significant differences exist amongst the types of production, and to highlight their hotpots suitable to improvement. Moreover, the relative nutritional quality of products from different production system types were compared to determine whether there were differences and to assess them in relation to the associated environmental impacts. Methods LCA and laboratory analyses were performed on a representative sample of systems and products (carrot, cucumber, tomato, lettuce, watermelon). The resulting scores (single scores for LCA and Nutrient Rich Food scores for nutritional quality) were statistically treated to identify the representativeness of their differences across production sites and production types (featuring distinctive production strategies: Conventional — synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, Organic — organ...
Experimental Agriculture, 2020
Beninese smallholders associate food crops and cash crops with immature oil palms to reduce field... more Beninese smallholders associate food crops and cash crops with immature oil palms to reduce field maintenance costs and gain income before the palms reach productive phase. Little is known about the effects of these crops on the nutritional status and growth of the palms in their immature phase even though the yield of adult palms can be affected by the management practices during this phase. The objective of this study was to evaluate the most common oil palm-based intercropping systems found in southern Benin in terms of nutritional status and growth of the palm. Within 15 oil palm farms, we compared 15 immature oil palm fields where the crop succession associated with the oil palms was dominated by maize, cassava, tomato, and pineapple. The nutrient concentrations in the soil and the palm leaves, and growth indicators were measured at the end of the immature phase. We found that the palm growth indicators were the lowest in the successions with pineapple. N and P nutrition of the...
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2019
fruits under splits. Splits did not have a significant effect on plants height and diameter of to... more fruits under splits. Splits did not have a significant effect on plants height and diameter of tomato. The yield of the absolute control (19 t / ha) is significantly lower than the other T1 (39.22 t / ha); T2 (40.72 t / ha) T3 (37.03 t / ha) and T4 (41.4 t / ha). The fractionation modes did not significantly influence (P> 0.05) the quality parameters, in particular the soluble sugar content and the dry matter content. It is the same for the conservation of the fruits where the different modes of fractionation reached 50% of loss after 20 days in ambient environment. Conclusion and application of results : This study confirms the importance of Urea and Potassium Sulfate in the mineral fertilization of tomatoes. The yield levels obtained indicate the need to diffuse the use of Urea and Potassium Sulphate as a mineral supplement to other fertilizers both in single and double fractionation.
Agroforestry Systems, 2019
In southern Benin, oil palm is mainly cultivated by smallholders who associate it with successive... more In southern Benin, oil palm is mainly cultivated by smallholders who associate it with successive crops over the three first years when the trees are immature. There is little information available on the diversity of the practices used in these young plantations and their socioeconomic background, although this information is essential for proposing opportunities to improve the performance and sustainability of these systems. This study used focus groups and a survey of 54 farms to test how the selection of practices was linked with the farmer's objectives. A conditional inference tree was used to compare the selection of the practices against socioeconomic characteristics of the farmer. We identified the crops that were the most frequently associated with young oil palm trees across the region and found that the higher the fertilizer application on the associated crop the lower the application on the trees. The practices varied markedly in terms of economic indicators, reasons for selection, socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers and the location of the farms. We showed that financial resources, especially for hiring external labor, household size and inclusion in social networks were important factors to take into account when evaluating alternative practices for oil palm plantations in this area.
Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2017
Dynamique de Fer ferreux (FeO) du sol de bas-fond en fonction de la répartition de l'eau selon la... more Dynamique de Fer ferreux (FeO) du sol de bas-fond en fonction de la répartition de l'eau selon la toposéquence au sud du Bénin : Phénomène de la toxicité ferreuse et production du riz.
Agronomy, 2017
Heterogeneity in pineapple fruit quality explains the low export volume of fruits from Benin to i... more Heterogeneity in pineapple fruit quality explains the low export volume of fruits from Benin to international markets. This work aims to investigate the influences of residues mulching or burying and N-K fertilization on (1) fresh fruit juice quality and the proportion of fruit meeting European standards and (2) fruit acceptability for fresh local consumption, as well as to identify morphological characteristics most related to fruit chemical quality attributes. The experimental design was a split-plot with three replications, where the main factor was N-K fertilization (
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Papers by Guillaume Amadji