Papers by Hameed Mohammad
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 30, 2022
Journal of biomedical research & clinical practice, Apr 20, 2018
Though Klippel-Feil syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly and the clinical presentations are vari... more Though Klippel-Feil syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly and the clinical presentations are varied, a complete history, physical and radiological examinations may reveal the diagnosis.
Journal of biomedical research & clinical practice, Apr 20, 2018
Variations in ocular sizes exist in the population and this may be congenital or pathological. Re... more Variations in ocular sizes exist in the population and this may be congenital or pathological. Reference values are therefore essential in management of ophthalmic pathologies in the fields of Ophthalmology and Neurology. The aim of the study was to establish computer tomography (CT) scan reference values of ocular sizes in Makurdi, north central Nigeria. To avoid unjustifiable radiation dose, data obtained for this study was on 111 patients referred on account of other medical conditions, to the Radiology department for CT brain scan using Philip Brilliance 16. Measurements were taken at mid-ocular axial slices with maximum anterior-posterior and transverse dimensions. The mean ± 2 SD) ocular sizes in anterior-posterior(AP) and transverse diameter(TD) for both eyes were 22.1mm ± 1.88mm and 22.9mm ± 1.20mm respectively. The right eye was 21.9mm ± 2.33mm and 22.9mm ± 1.09mm and the left eye was 22.3mm ± 1.24mm and 23.0 ± 1.30 mm in both AP and TD respectively. The measurements were slightly higher on the left. The mean ocular measurements were higher in males and were statistically significant in the transverse measurements on both sides (P<0.04). Adult eye size was attained at age group 11-20 years and subsequently at age >70 years, there was slight reduction in ocular dimensions. Established ocular sizes on CT therefore showed that males had slightly larger eyeballs in comparison to females and there was some reduction of ocular sizes with age.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 30, 2022
The global increase in mobile phone (MP) usage in proximity to the human-body and proliferation o... more The global increase in mobile phone (MP) usage in proximity to the human-body and proliferation of base stations has created potential health concerns about exposure to radiation emitted from these devices. This study aims to identify students who are knowledgeable about radiation emitted from MPs, assess their degree of awareness of the potential health risks from MP usage, and suggest precautionary and safety measures that can reduce or eliminate the health hazards of MP radiation. We prospectively evaluated medical students' knowledge of MP-emitted radiation, potential health risks, precautionary and safety measures at Benue State University (BSU), Makurdi, between May 13th and July 12th, 2022. Data was obtained through a well-structured questionnaire, analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 with a p value<0.05. Results were presented in tables and figures. The study included 147 fourth-sixth year medical students, aged 20-38 years, male: female ratio 3:1, and mean age of 26.5±3.4. Knowledge of radiation emitted from MPs was high, 134(91.2%), especially among final year students. Similarly, 93 (63.3%) students were aware of potential health risks associated with MP usage, with some evidently experiencing the negative consequences. Many students ignored precautionary measures and continued making long phone-conversations 80(54.4%), putting MPs in their pockets 92(62.6%) and at their bed-head 77(52.4%), prompting crucial safety measures. Knowledge of radiation emitted by MPs was outstanding, with considerable awareness of potential health risks from MP usage. Important safety measures were proposed, even though the precautionary measures to minimize these risks were largely ignored.
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2021
Background: Establishing normal values of extra ocular muscle (EOM) diameter is essential in a gi... more Background: Establishing normal values of extra ocular muscle (EOM) diameter is essential in a given population. Factors including race, region, gender and environment affect the normal diameter of the EOM. The aim of the study was to determine the normal sizes of the EOM in a population in the North Central part of Nigeria using computed tomography (CT).Methods: One hundred and eighty-three CT images of patients who underwent craniofacial imaging for other conditions and who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. The maximum diameters of the EOMs on coronal reformatted CT images which are the superior group (SG) (superior rectus and the levator palpebral), inferior rectus (IR) medial rectus (MR) and lateral rectus (LR) were assessed.Results: The mean values±SD obtained were 3.65±1.13, 3.93±0.94, 3.40±0.67, 3.43±0.92 for SG, 1R, MR, and LR muscles respectively on the right and 3.61±1.07, 3.86±0.92, 3.34±0.70, 3.42±0.08 for SG, IR MR and LR muscles respectively on the left. The o...
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2008
Background: There is paucity of data on seasonal variation in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in deve... more Background: There is paucity of data on seasonal variation in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries contrary to recognized seasonality in the TB notification in western societies. This study examined the seasonal pattern in TB diagnosis among migrant workers from developing countries entering Kuwait. Methods: Monthly aggregates of TB diagnosis results for consecutive migrants tested between January I, 1997 and December 31, 2006 were analyzed. We assessed the amplitude (α) of the sinusoidal oscillation and the time at which maximum (θ°) TB cases were detected using Edwards' test. The adequacy of the hypothesized sinusoidal curve was assessed by χ 2 goodness-of-fit test. Results: During the 10 year study period, the proportion (per 100,000) of pulmonary TB cases among the migrants was 198 (4608/2328582), (95% confidence interval: 192-204). The adjusted mean monthly number of pulmonary TB cases was 384. Based on the observed seasonal pattern in the data, the maximum number of TB cases was expected during the last week of April (θ° = 112°; P < 0.001). The amplitude (± se) (α = 0.204 ± 0.04) of simple harmonic curve showed 20.4% difference from the mean to maximum TB cases. The peak to low ratio of adjusted number of TB cases was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.39-1.65). The χ 2 goodness-of-test revealed that there was no significant (P > 0.1) departure of observed frequencies from the fitted simple harmonic curve. Seasonal component explained 55% of the total variation in the proportions of TB cases (100,000) among the migrants. Conclusion: This regularity of peak seasonality in TB case detection may prove useful to institute measures that warrant a better attendance of migrants. Public health authorities may consider reallocation of resources in the period of peak seasonality to minimize the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to close contacts in this and comparable settings in the region having similar influx of immigrants from high TB burden countries. Epidemiological surveillance for the TB risk in the migrants in subsequent years and required chemotherapy of detected cases may contribute in global efforts to control this public health menace.
Journal of Radiography and Radiation Sciences
Aim: To characterize and classify stroke lesions and normal brain tissue in computed tomography... more Aim: To characterize and classify stroke lesions and normal brain tissue in computed tomography (CT) images using statistical texture descriptors. Patients and methods: Two experienced radiologists blinded to each other inspected CT images of 164 stroke patients to identify and categorize stroke lesions into ischaemic and haemorrhagic subtypes. Four regions of interest (ROIs) in each CT slice that demonstrated the lesion; two each representing the lesion and normal tissue were selected. Statistical texture descriptors namely, co-occurrence matrix, run-length matrix, absolute gradient and histogram were calculated for them. Raw data analysis was performed to identify the parameters that best discriminate between normal brain tissue and stroke lesions. Artificial neural network (ANN) was used to classify the ROIs into normal tissue, ischaemic and haemorrhagic lesions using the radiologists’ identification and categorization as the gold standard, and further analyzed using the recei...
Calabar Journal of Health Sciences
Objectives: The most common method for detecting cardiomegaly and calculating the cardiothoracic ... more Objectives: The most common method for detecting cardiomegaly and calculating the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) is through the use of chest radiography. Since 1919, when the CTR was first described, there has been an interest in its utility as a predicator of heart size, leading to a lot of research, notably in the adult Caucasian population. However, in the African pediatric age group, there is paucity of data on this subject. We aim to establish normative data on CTR and its determinants in Nigerian children aged 1–15 years, using chest radiographs. Material and Methods: This was a 7-month observational analytical study assessing chest radiographs of healthy children aged 1–15 years at the Radiology Department of Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, from May to November 2021. The respondents’ biometrics and chest radiographs were obtained after the protocol was authorized by the institutional Health Research Ethics Committee. The CTR was calculated using measurements of...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: Despite the restricted diagnostic imaging knowledge, perceptions, and practices of no... more Background: Despite the restricted diagnostic imaging knowledge, perceptions, and practices of non-radiologist physicians, the significance of radiology in establishing and verifying diagnoses in medicine is expanding globally. We aimed to evaluate existing diagnostic imaging knowledge, perceptions, and practices among referring non-radiologist physicians, identify aspects that are beneficial but substantially inconsistent, and determine those that can be improved.Methods: A 3-month cross-sectional study, utilizing structured questionnaire, was responded to by physicians at Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi. Descriptive statistics were used for the statistical analysis and results presented as tables and figures. Statistical significance was determined at p=0.05.Results: We recruited 137 physicians, aged 26 to 52 years, consisting of 111 (81.0%) males and 26 (19.0%) females. Majority,79 (57.7%) of respondents did not know which imaging modality; chest compute...
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2021
Background: Carotid artery dimensions are increasingly used for detecting early atherosclerosis a... more Background: Carotid artery dimensions are increasingly used for detecting early atherosclerosis and predicting clinical complications. Aim was to explore relationships between gender, age and body mass index (BMI) and the diameters of the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) using ultrasonography.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between February-October, 2011. The 400 adult males and females above 18 years underwent carotid artery ultrasonography for measurement of the IMT of the common and internal carotid arteries. The influence of age, sex, weight, height, and the basal metabolic index (BMI) was investigated.Results: There were 239 (59.80%) males and 161 (40.20%) females aged between 18 to 81 years (Mean±SD, 36.74±14.79 years). The mean±SD diameters for right common carotid artery (RCCA) and left common carotid artery (LCCA) were 6.39±0.71mm and 6.28±0.74mm respectively. The right inter...
Journal of Reproductive Biology and Health, 2013
Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using trans... more Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using transvaginal ultrasound. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective descriptive study carried out between May and December 2012 on consecutive patients presenting for ultrasonography at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi. Sonographic examination was done using Sonoscape SS1-1000 machine fitted with a 5.2 MHz transvaginal transducer and incorporated with an electronic calipers. With an empty bladder, the patient lay in a supine position and the transducer was advanced into the vagina. The ovarian volume of each patient was obtained. The sociodemographic data and body mass index of each patient was also recorded. The data was entered into an Excel sheet and analyzed using EPI INFO statistical software version 3.5.4. Results: Two hundred and seven subjects were recorded for this study. The average volumes of the left and right ovaries were 6.5±3.3 ml and 6.4±3.8 ml respectively. Conclusion: These values represent the normal average ovarian volume for healthy women in our environment.
Journal of Reproductive Biology and Health, 2013
Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using trans... more Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using transvaginal ultrasound. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective descriptive study carried out between May and December 2012 on consecutive patients presenting for ultrasonography at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi. Sonographic examination was done using Sonoscape SS1-1000 machine fitted with a 5.2 MHz transvaginal transducer and incorporated with an electronic calipers. With an empty bladder, the patient lay in a supine position and the transducer was advanced into the vagina. The ovarian volume of each patient was obtained. The sociodemographic data and body mass index of each patient was also recorded. The data was entered into an Excel sheet and analyzed using EPI INFO statistical software version 3.5.4. Results: Two hundred and seven subjects were recorded for this study. The average volumes of the left and right ovaries were 6.5±3.3 ml and 6.4±3.8 ml respectively. Conclusion: These values represent the normal average ovarian volume for healthy women in our environment.
Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using trans... more Objective: This study was to evaluate the normal ovarian volume amongst normal adults using transvaginal ultrasound. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective descriptive study carried out between May and December 2012 on consecutive patients presenting for ultrasonography at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi. Sonographic examination was done using Sonoscape SS1-1000 machine fitted with a 5.2 MHz transvaginal transducer and incorporated with an electronic calipers. With an empty bladder, the patient lay in a supine position and the transducer was advanced into the vagina. The ovarian volume of each patient was obtained. The sociodemographic data and body mass index of each patient was also recorded. The data was entered into an Excel sheet and analyzed using EPI INFO statistical software version 3.5.4. Results: Two hundred and seven subjects were recorded for this study. The average volumes of the left and right ovaries were 6.5±3.3 ml and 6.4±3.8 ml respectively. Conclusion: Thes...
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Papers by Hameed Mohammad