Papers by Lynne M Drummond
The bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, Jun 1, 1988
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, May 2, 2006
Abstract We describe the first application of Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT) in the UK.... more Abstract We describe the first application of Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT) in the UK. It is a novel approach developed in Australia, for treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder with contamination fears. The DIRT program was administered to an ...
European Psychiatry, Apr 1, 2017
Background: Depressive symptoms are common among psychiatric patients with alcohol dependence (AD... more Background: Depressive symptoms are common among psychiatric patients with alcohol dependence (AD). However, the prevalence and clinical correlates of comorbid depressive symptoms are less well studied in Chinese Han patients. Methods: In this hospital-based survey, we recruited 378 psychiatric patients diagnosed with AD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). All patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to evaluate depressive symptoms and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to assess the severity of drinking. Results: Compared to patients without depressive symptoms, 48.9% (185/378) of the patients with comorbid depressive symptoms were younger, had a more unstable marital status, had a higher AUDIT total score, and had a higher adverse consequences subscore (all P < 0.05). Further logistic regression analysis showed that unstable marital status (Odds ratios [OR] = 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-3.99) and AUDIT total score (OR=1.07, 95% CI 1.03-1.11) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings indicate high comorbidity between AD and depressive symptoms in Chinese psychiatric patients. Moreover, some variables are correlates of comorbid depressive symptoms. Particular attention should be paid to the early detection and intervention for this comorbid condition and its risk factors.
European Neuropsychopharmacology, May 1, 2016
A 47-year-old woman with a long-standing history of obsessive-compulsive disorder relating to dir... more A 47-year-old woman with a long-standing history of obsessive-compulsive disorder relating to dirt and germs is presented. Her fear of developing bowel cancer led her to manually evacuate faeces from her rectum five times a day and to a resultant rectal prolapse. Treatment involved prolonged graduated exposure to the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s feared contaminants and ritual avoidance. After 5 months of inpatient therapy, the patient reported a subjective 70% improvement in her symptoms. As her obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms improved, the patient&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s rectal prolapse disappeared.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2022
Background There has been much speculation about untoward effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on psy... more Background There has been much speculation about untoward effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on psychological symptoms. OCD may be expected to be especially impacted. Our aim was to distil the current evidence base on relationships between the pandemic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, in patients, and general population samples. Methods We conducted a rapid scoping review, in the form of a systematic literature search, coupled with narrative review. 32 relevant papers were identified. Results and interpretation (1) A sizable proportion of people with OCD (but not all) experienced/reported symptom worsening during the pandemic, especially during initial restrictions (approximately 20–65 % of cases in longitudinal studies); (2) contamination/washing symptoms appeared particularly susceptible; and (3) OCD symptoms in general population samples were associated with trait compulsivity and pandemic-related-stress. The literature was heterogeneous with various methodological issues being commonplace. Future directions The review identified important unaddressed issues: how should exposure based therapy be adapted during pandemics? How can we minimise harm from exacerbation of OCD in vulnerable individuals arising from public health messaging? Why do some but not all OCD patients experience worsening? And does Covid-19 infection affect (or lead to) OCD symptoms?
British Journal of Psychiatry, May 1, 2012
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
Despite being amongst the commonest psychological problems seen in both adults and children, trea... more Despite being amongst the commonest psychological problems seen in both adults and children, treatment of OCD is often misunderstood and poorly administered. This is disappointing as, correctly treated, OCD responds well to treatment with either psychological treatment involving graded exposure and response prevention (ERP) or with relatively high doses of drugs acting on the serotonin system. The first-line treatment of OCD is outlined in this chapter. A small percentage of people do not respond to these first-line treatments and, in these cases, there is evidence for either combining drug treatment with ERP or additionally adding in an agent which acts on the dopamine system. More recent work from highly specialist centres have also demonstrated efficacy for using selective serotonin reuptake-inhibiting drugs in above licensed doses for the small percentage of patients who fail to respond to more conventional treatment.
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2023
Frontiers in Psychiatry, Jul 20, 2021
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) generally responds to first-line treatment but patients often... more Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) generally responds to first-line treatment but patients often relapse. The United Kingdom National OCD Inpatient Service treats patients who have failed to respond to at least two trials of SRI, augmented with a dopamine blocker and two trials of ERP. Despite this, they have profound treatment-refractory OCD and require 24-h nursing care due to severe OCD. We examined patients' Y-BOCS score on admission, discharge and at each follow-up from all patients discharged over 5 years (02/01/2014-31/12/18). Data were analysed using SPSS. Paired student t-tests were used to assess improvement from admission to discharge and each follow-up. Over 5 years, 130 adult patients were treated: 79 male and 51 female with an average age of 42.3 years (20-82; sd14.4). Their ethnic backgrounds were; 115 Caucasian, 11 South Asian, 1 Chinese, and 3 Unspecified. On admission, the average Y-BOCS total score was 36.9 (30-40; sd2.6). At discharge, patients had improved on average by 36% (Y-BOCS reduction to 23.4 = moderate OCD). Similar reduction in Y-BOCS continued throughout the year with an average Y-BOCS of 22.9 at 1 month (n = 69); 23 at 3 months (n = 70); 21.3 at 6 months (n = 78) and 21.9 at 1 year (n = 77). Twenty-seven patients did not attend any follow-up appointment whilst others attended at least one appointment with the majority attending more than 3. Using student t-test, improvements at discharge, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment showed a highly significant improvement (p < 0.001). Gains made following inpatient treatment for treatment-refractory OCD were generally maintained until 1 year post-treatment.
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 26, 2018
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Papers by Lynne M Drummond