In this paper, we studied the effect of different carbon-based nanostructures on the electrical a... more In this paper, we studied the effect of different carbon-based nanostructures on the electrical and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), expanded graphite (EG), and two different carbon black nanoparticles (CB) have been dispersed at several weight contents in the polymer matrix through a melt extrusion process. The produced nanocomposites have been used to obtain samples for the characterization by injection molding. The dispersion of the nanoparticles in the matrix has been evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The electrical characterization has been performed both in DC and in AC configuration. The mechanical properties have been evaluated with both tensile test and impact strength (Izod). The thermal conductivity has been also evaluated. As a result, MWCNTs are the nanoadditive with the lowest electrical percolation threshold. This allows MWCNT nanocomposite to drastically change the electrical be...
This research work investigated the influence of the press molding manufacturing process on the m... more This research work investigated the influence of the press molding manufacturing process on the mechanical properties, both for thermoplastic and thermosetting fiber reinforced composite materials. The particular geometry of the case study, called Double Dome, was considered in order to verify the behavior of the Thermoplastic and Thermosetting prepreg in terms of shell thickness variation and fibers shear angle evolution during the thermoforming process. The thermoforming simulation was performed using LS-DYNA® Finite Element Analysis (FEA) code, and the results were transferred by Envyo®, a dedicated mapping tool, into a LS-DYNA® virtual model for the structural simulation. A series of Double Dome specimens was produced with industrial equipment, and a bending experimental test was been carried on. Finally, a numerical-experimental correlation was performed, highlighting a significant forecast of the mechanical properties for the considered component.
Polypropylene (PP) / multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mi... more Polypropylene (PP) / multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mixing and used to manufacture samples by injection molding. The effect of processing conditions on the crystallinity and electrical resistivity was studied. Accordingly, samples were produced varying the mold temperature and injection rate, and the DC electrical resistivity was measured. The morphology of MWCNT clusters was studied by optical and electron microscopy, while X-ray diffraction was used to study the role of the crystalline structure of PP. As a result, an anisotropic electrical behavior induced by the process was observed, which is further influenced by the injection molding processing condition. It was demonstrated that a reduction of electrical resistivity can be obtained by increasing mold temperature and injection rate, which was associated to the formation of the γ-phase and the related inter-cluster morphology of the MWCNT conductive network.
The use of a new class of renewable liquid polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) resins has been investigate... more The use of a new class of renewable liquid polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) resins has been investigated for use in composite applications for mass transport. PFA resins originate from the hemicellulose fraction of agricultural waste materials and with their char building potential posses an intrinsic resistance to fire and high temperature.
The addition of small amounts (up to 9 wt%) of chitin microsized particles, originating from shel... more The addition of small amounts (up to 9 wt%) of chitin microsized particles, originating from shellfish waste, to carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR) matrix (as received and annealed to 100°C) has been studied. In particular, this study concentrated on their mechanical (creep investigation by nanoindentation and dynamical-mechanical analysis), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry) and swelling behaviour (toluene absorption) and was completed by morphological characterisation by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results show that annealing has a limited effect on materials properties, effects which are further reduced by the addition of growing amounts of crab chitin. It should be noted that the limited filler content used in the study does not substantially modify the linear creep behaviour of XSBR for sufficiently long loading times. The thermal stability of the system does also appear to be preserved even with the maximum chitin content added, while it serves sufficiently as an effective barrier against aromatic solvent absorption.
The incorporation of nanofillers into the polymer composites induces new properties and functions... more The incorporation of nanofillers into the polymer composites induces new properties and functions based on synergetic effects. This review provides a variety of industrial scalable processes and techniques such as solution mixing, in situ polymerization, and covalent grafting for fabricating such nanostructured-based composites. The developments in the design of nanostructured-based systems will continue to emerge as we venture into the 2D domain of carbon nanostructures in future. Keywords: polymer nanocomposites; mechanical properties; electrical properties; carbon fibers; carbon nanotubes
The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the process condition on the morphology ... more The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the process condition on the morphology of PP/MWCNT nanocomposites and its effect on the electrical properties, experimentally developed in this study. Electrical and morphological characterization was performed in order to analyze the multilayered morphology skin-core-skin, validated by a theoretical model.
In this paper, we study the correlation between the dielectric behavior of polypropylene/multi-wa... more In this paper, we study the correlation between the dielectric behavior of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PP/MWCNT) nanocomposites and the morphology with regard to the crystalline structure, nanofiller dispersion and injection molding conditions. As a result, in the range of the percolation threshold the dielectric behavior shifts to a more frequency-independent behavior, as the mold temperature increases. Moreover, the position further from the gate appears as the most conductive. This effect has been associated to a modification of the morphology of the MWCNT clusters induced by both the flow of the molten polymer during the processing phase and the variation of the crystalline structure, which is increasingly constituted by γ-phase as the mold temperature increases. The obtained results allow one to understand the effect of tuning the processing condition in the frequency-dependent electrical behavior of PP/MWCNT injection-molded nanocomposites, which can be success...
An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the pla... more An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the plasma in the periodic regime, optical detection of the light discharge allows the music to be heard from a loudspeaker. That does not happen when the plasma is chaotic, in which ...
An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the pla... more An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the plasma in the periodic regime, optical detection of the light discharge allows the music to be heard from a loudspeaker. That does not happen when the plasma is chaotic, in which ...
Please note that the abstract and keywords will not be included in the printed book, but are requ... more Please note that the abstract and keywords will not be included in the printed book, but are required for the online presentation of this book which will be published on Wiley's own online publishing platform.
Novel Optical Instrumentation for Biomedical Applications, 2003
Dual excitation fluorescence imaging has been used as a first step towards multi-wavelength excit... more Dual excitation fluorescence imaging has been used as a first step towards multi-wavelength excitation/emission fluorescence spectral imaging. Target cells are transformed keratinocytes, and other osteosarcoma, human breast and color cancer cells. ...
Low-Light-Level and Real-Time Imaging Systems, Components, and Applications, 2003
The "night vision" community has developed and refined a series of test and measurement... more The "night vision" community has developed and refined a series of test and measurement routines for characterization of "green monochrome" tube and system performance. Although these tools could be directly applied to Color Night Vision Systems, a detailed re-examination of ...
In this paper, we report the development of a glass fiber reinforced composite based on a MWNT‐do... more In this paper, we report the development of a glass fiber reinforced composite based on a MWNT‐doped epoxy matrix. The intrinsic electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes has allowed the production of a nanocomposite with enhanced electrical properties, respect the neat ...
Experimental phase synchronization of chaos is demonstrated for two different chaotic oscillators... more Experimental phase synchronization of chaos is demonstrated for two different chaotic oscillators: a plasma discharge and the Chua circuit. Our technique includes real-time capability for observing synchronizationdesynchronization transitions. This capability results from a strong combination of synchronization and control, and allows tuning adjustments for search and stabilization of synchronous states. A power law is observed for the mean time between 2 phase slips for different coupling strenghts. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulations.
Guidelines for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention. Task Force for psy... more Guidelines for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention. Task Force for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention, Italian Work- ing Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention (GICR) - Core Writing Group: M. Sommaruga, R. Tramarin (Chair- persons), E. Angelino, O. Bettinardi, M.A. Cauteruccio, M. Miglioretti, M. Monti, A. Pierobon, C. Sguazzin - Reviewers:
Plasmas are typical nonlinear systems with several degrees of freedom, and of much interest for e... more Plasmas are typical nonlinear systems with several degrees of freedom, and of much interest for experimental testing of the universal characteristics of chaos such as fractal dimension, Lyapunov exponents and routes to chaos. In fact, many plasma experiments and numerical ...
Experimental phase synchronization of chaos in a plasma discharge is studied using a phase variab... more Experimental phase synchronization of chaos in a plasma discharge is studied using a phase variable lift technique (i.e., phase points separated by 2p are not considered as the same). Real-time observation of synchronized and unsynchronized states is made possible through a real-time sampling procedure. Parameter space regions of synchronization and unsynchronization are identified, and a set of equations is suggested to model the real plasma circuit. PACS numbers: 05.45.Xt, 52.35.Ra Given a chaotic oscillator for which an angle coordinate can be suitably introduced as a state space variable, it is often the case that the phase of this oscillator synchronizes with the phase of an external periodic perturbation, or pacer . That is, the phase difference between the chaotic oscillator and the pacer remains bounded by some appropriate constant fraction of 2p for all time, depending on the values of the amplitude and frequency of the pacer . In this phase synchronized state, the oscillator remains chaotic, but its phase is in step with that of the pacing signal.
We present experimental results for two different sinusoidal functions competing to phase synchro... more We present experimental results for two different sinusoidal functions competing to phase synchronize a Chua oscillator. Our approach involves real-time observation of the synchronization process. It shows that depending on the amplitude and frequency values of the two sinusoidal functions, the Chua oscillator can stay phase synchronized to one or the other of the inputs all the time or can alternate synchronous states between them. Numerical simulations show good agreement with the experimental observations.
The study of energy pools and dynamics of specific pathways in living cells by microspectrofluoro... more The study of energy pools and dynamics of specific pathways in living cells by microspectrofluorometry and fluorescence imaging produces spectral and topographic images characterizing structural and functional changes associated with cytopathology. Microspectro-fluorometry and fluorescence imaging have been applied, together with organelle morphometry to a number of cells mimicking certain cytopathologies, including melanoma cells, long-term malignant cells, and genedefective cells. These investigations of cellular pathology indicate that there is a convergence of various physiopathological processes. Cellular states that have similarities include senescence, detoxification, and transformation. While the NAD(P)H metabolic transients have been studied before, our emphasis in this article is on very rapidly scanned fluorescence images related to organelle integration and photoinduced cellular senescence.
In this paper, we studied the effect of different carbon-based nanostructures on the electrical a... more In this paper, we studied the effect of different carbon-based nanostructures on the electrical and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), expanded graphite (EG), and two different carbon black nanoparticles (CB) have been dispersed at several weight contents in the polymer matrix through a melt extrusion process. The produced nanocomposites have been used to obtain samples for the characterization by injection molding. The dispersion of the nanoparticles in the matrix has been evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The electrical characterization has been performed both in DC and in AC configuration. The mechanical properties have been evaluated with both tensile test and impact strength (Izod). The thermal conductivity has been also evaluated. As a result, MWCNTs are the nanoadditive with the lowest electrical percolation threshold. This allows MWCNT nanocomposite to drastically change the electrical be...
This research work investigated the influence of the press molding manufacturing process on the m... more This research work investigated the influence of the press molding manufacturing process on the mechanical properties, both for thermoplastic and thermosetting fiber reinforced composite materials. The particular geometry of the case study, called Double Dome, was considered in order to verify the behavior of the Thermoplastic and Thermosetting prepreg in terms of shell thickness variation and fibers shear angle evolution during the thermoforming process. The thermoforming simulation was performed using LS-DYNA® Finite Element Analysis (FEA) code, and the results were transferred by Envyo®, a dedicated mapping tool, into a LS-DYNA® virtual model for the structural simulation. A series of Double Dome specimens was produced with industrial equipment, and a bending experimental test was been carried on. Finally, a numerical-experimental correlation was performed, highlighting a significant forecast of the mechanical properties for the considered component.
Polypropylene (PP) / multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mi... more Polypropylene (PP) / multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mixing and used to manufacture samples by injection molding. The effect of processing conditions on the crystallinity and electrical resistivity was studied. Accordingly, samples were produced varying the mold temperature and injection rate, and the DC electrical resistivity was measured. The morphology of MWCNT clusters was studied by optical and electron microscopy, while X-ray diffraction was used to study the role of the crystalline structure of PP. As a result, an anisotropic electrical behavior induced by the process was observed, which is further influenced by the injection molding processing condition. It was demonstrated that a reduction of electrical resistivity can be obtained by increasing mold temperature and injection rate, which was associated to the formation of the γ-phase and the related inter-cluster morphology of the MWCNT conductive network.
The use of a new class of renewable liquid polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) resins has been investigate... more The use of a new class of renewable liquid polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) resins has been investigated for use in composite applications for mass transport. PFA resins originate from the hemicellulose fraction of agricultural waste materials and with their char building potential posses an intrinsic resistance to fire and high temperature.
The addition of small amounts (up to 9 wt%) of chitin microsized particles, originating from shel... more The addition of small amounts (up to 9 wt%) of chitin microsized particles, originating from shellfish waste, to carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR) matrix (as received and annealed to 100°C) has been studied. In particular, this study concentrated on their mechanical (creep investigation by nanoindentation and dynamical-mechanical analysis), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry) and swelling behaviour (toluene absorption) and was completed by morphological characterisation by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results show that annealing has a limited effect on materials properties, effects which are further reduced by the addition of growing amounts of crab chitin. It should be noted that the limited filler content used in the study does not substantially modify the linear creep behaviour of XSBR for sufficiently long loading times. The thermal stability of the system does also appear to be preserved even with the maximum chitin content added, while it serves sufficiently as an effective barrier against aromatic solvent absorption.
The incorporation of nanofillers into the polymer composites induces new properties and functions... more The incorporation of nanofillers into the polymer composites induces new properties and functions based on synergetic effects. This review provides a variety of industrial scalable processes and techniques such as solution mixing, in situ polymerization, and covalent grafting for fabricating such nanostructured-based composites. The developments in the design of nanostructured-based systems will continue to emerge as we venture into the 2D domain of carbon nanostructures in future. Keywords: polymer nanocomposites; mechanical properties; electrical properties; carbon fibers; carbon nanotubes
The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the process condition on the morphology ... more The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the process condition on the morphology of PP/MWCNT nanocomposites and its effect on the electrical properties, experimentally developed in this study. Electrical and morphological characterization was performed in order to analyze the multilayered morphology skin-core-skin, validated by a theoretical model.
In this paper, we study the correlation between the dielectric behavior of polypropylene/multi-wa... more In this paper, we study the correlation between the dielectric behavior of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PP/MWCNT) nanocomposites and the morphology with regard to the crystalline structure, nanofiller dispersion and injection molding conditions. As a result, in the range of the percolation threshold the dielectric behavior shifts to a more frequency-independent behavior, as the mold temperature increases. Moreover, the position further from the gate appears as the most conductive. This effect has been associated to a modification of the morphology of the MWCNT clusters induced by both the flow of the molten polymer during the processing phase and the variation of the crystalline structure, which is increasingly constituted by γ-phase as the mold temperature increases. The obtained results allow one to understand the effect of tuning the processing condition in the frequency-dependent electrical behavior of PP/MWCNT injection-molded nanocomposites, which can be success...
An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the pla... more An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the plasma in the periodic regime, optical detection of the light discharge allows the music to be heard from a loudspeaker. That does not happen when the plasma is chaotic, in which ...
An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the pla... more An experimental plasma system is driven with a music signal output from a cd player. With the plasma in the periodic regime, optical detection of the light discharge allows the music to be heard from a loudspeaker. That does not happen when the plasma is chaotic, in which ...
Please note that the abstract and keywords will not be included in the printed book, but are requ... more Please note that the abstract and keywords will not be included in the printed book, but are required for the online presentation of this book which will be published on Wiley's own online publishing platform.
Novel Optical Instrumentation for Biomedical Applications, 2003
Dual excitation fluorescence imaging has been used as a first step towards multi-wavelength excit... more Dual excitation fluorescence imaging has been used as a first step towards multi-wavelength excitation/emission fluorescence spectral imaging. Target cells are transformed keratinocytes, and other osteosarcoma, human breast and color cancer cells. ...
Low-Light-Level and Real-Time Imaging Systems, Components, and Applications, 2003
The "night vision" community has developed and refined a series of test and measurement... more The "night vision" community has developed and refined a series of test and measurement routines for characterization of "green monochrome" tube and system performance. Although these tools could be directly applied to Color Night Vision Systems, a detailed re-examination of ...
In this paper, we report the development of a glass fiber reinforced composite based on a MWNT‐do... more In this paper, we report the development of a glass fiber reinforced composite based on a MWNT‐doped epoxy matrix. The intrinsic electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes has allowed the production of a nanocomposite with enhanced electrical properties, respect the neat ...
Experimental phase synchronization of chaos is demonstrated for two different chaotic oscillators... more Experimental phase synchronization of chaos is demonstrated for two different chaotic oscillators: a plasma discharge and the Chua circuit. Our technique includes real-time capability for observing synchronizationdesynchronization transitions. This capability results from a strong combination of synchronization and control, and allows tuning adjustments for search and stabilization of synchronous states. A power law is observed for the mean time between 2 phase slips for different coupling strenghts. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulations.
Guidelines for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention. Task Force for psy... more Guidelines for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention. Task Force for psychology activities in cardiac rehabilitation and prevention, Italian Work- ing Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention (GICR) - Core Writing Group: M. Sommaruga, R. Tramarin (Chair- persons), E. Angelino, O. Bettinardi, M.A. Cauteruccio, M. Miglioretti, M. Monti, A. Pierobon, C. Sguazzin - Reviewers:
Plasmas are typical nonlinear systems with several degrees of freedom, and of much interest for e... more Plasmas are typical nonlinear systems with several degrees of freedom, and of much interest for experimental testing of the universal characteristics of chaos such as fractal dimension, Lyapunov exponents and routes to chaos. In fact, many plasma experiments and numerical ...
Experimental phase synchronization of chaos in a plasma discharge is studied using a phase variab... more Experimental phase synchronization of chaos in a plasma discharge is studied using a phase variable lift technique (i.e., phase points separated by 2p are not considered as the same). Real-time observation of synchronized and unsynchronized states is made possible through a real-time sampling procedure. Parameter space regions of synchronization and unsynchronization are identified, and a set of equations is suggested to model the real plasma circuit. PACS numbers: 05.45.Xt, 52.35.Ra Given a chaotic oscillator for which an angle coordinate can be suitably introduced as a state space variable, it is often the case that the phase of this oscillator synchronizes with the phase of an external periodic perturbation, or pacer . That is, the phase difference between the chaotic oscillator and the pacer remains bounded by some appropriate constant fraction of 2p for all time, depending on the values of the amplitude and frequency of the pacer . In this phase synchronized state, the oscillator remains chaotic, but its phase is in step with that of the pacing signal.
We present experimental results for two different sinusoidal functions competing to phase synchro... more We present experimental results for two different sinusoidal functions competing to phase synchronize a Chua oscillator. Our approach involves real-time observation of the synchronization process. It shows that depending on the amplitude and frequency values of the two sinusoidal functions, the Chua oscillator can stay phase synchronized to one or the other of the inputs all the time or can alternate synchronous states between them. Numerical simulations show good agreement with the experimental observations.
The study of energy pools and dynamics of specific pathways in living cells by microspectrofluoro... more The study of energy pools and dynamics of specific pathways in living cells by microspectrofluorometry and fluorescence imaging produces spectral and topographic images characterizing structural and functional changes associated with cytopathology. Microspectro-fluorometry and fluorescence imaging have been applied, together with organelle morphometry to a number of cells mimicking certain cytopathologies, including melanoma cells, long-term malignant cells, and genedefective cells. These investigations of cellular pathology indicate that there is a convergence of various physiopathological processes. Cellular states that have similarities include senescence, detoxification, and transformation. While the NAD(P)H metabolic transients have been studied before, our emphasis in this article is on very rapidly scanned fluorescence images related to organelle integration and photoinduced cellular senescence.
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