Papers by Monika Raulf-heimsoth
Frontiers in Public Health, Oct 18, 2022
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Background Most threshold limit values are based on animal experiments. Often, the question remai... more Background Most threshold limit values are based on animal experiments. Often, the question remains whether these data reflect the situation in humans. As part of a series of investigations in our exposure lab, this study investigates whether the results on the inflammatory effects of particles that have been demonstrated in animal models can be confirmed in acute inhalation studies in humans. Such studies have not been conducted so far for barium sulfate particles (BaSO4), a substance with very low solubility and without known substance-specific toxicity. Previous inhalation studies with zinc oxide (ZnO), which has a substance-specific toxicity, have shown local and systemic inflammatory respones. The design of these human ZnO inhalation studies was adopted for BaSO4 to compare the effects of particles with known inflammatory activity and supposedly inert particles. For further comparison, in vitro investigations on inflammatory processes were carried out. Methods Sixteen healthy v...
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Clinical & Translational Immunology, 2022
ObjectiveStandardised quantitative analysis of the humoral immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens... more ObjectiveStandardised quantitative analysis of the humoral immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens may be useful for estimating the extent and duration of immunity. The aim was to develop enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the quantification of human IgG antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens.MethodsEnzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were developed based on monoclonal antibodies against human IgG and recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens (Spike‐S1 and Nucleocapsid). The WHO 67/086 immunoglobulin and WHO 20/136 SARS‐CoV‐2 references were used for standardisation. Sera of a study group of COVID‐19‐positive subjects (n = 144), pre‐pandemic controls (n = 135) and individuals vaccinated with BioNTech–Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine (n = 48) were analysed. The study group sera were also tested using EuroImmun SARS‐CoV‐2‐ELISAs and a quantitative S1‐specific fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA) from Thermo Fisher.ResultsThe ELISA results were repeatable and traceable to international units...
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Clinical Research and Practice, 2017
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Archives of Toxicology, 2020
Inhalation of ZnO particles can cause inflammation of the airways and metal fume fever. It is unc... more Inhalation of ZnO particles can cause inflammation of the airways and metal fume fever. It is unclear if different sizes of the particles alter these effects. However, various studies report higher biological activity of other nano-sized particles compared to microparticles. No effects at all were observed after inhalation of micro- and nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) particle concentrations of 0.5 mg/m3. Studies with different particle sizes of ZnO at higher exposures are not available. Accordingly, we hypothesized that inhalation of nano-sized ZnO particles induces stronger health effects than the inhalation of the same airborne mass concentration of micro-sized ZnO particles. 16 healthy volunteers (eight men, eight women) were exposed to filtered air and ZnO particles (2.0 mg/m3) for 2 h (one session with nano- and one with micro-sized ZnO) including 1 h of cycling at moderate workload. Effect parameters were symptoms, body temperature, inflammatory markers in blood and in induced sp...
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F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2018
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F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2016
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F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2015
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F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
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Allergo Journal, 2014
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Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2014
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Lung, 1995
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Journal of Immunological Methods, 2008
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Immunity & Ageing, 2014
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European Respiratory Journal, 1994
A small population of T-cells does not express the conventional T-cell receptor (TCR), characteri... more A small population of T-cells does not express the conventional T-cell receptor (TCR), characterized by the alpha and beta polypeptide chains (alpha/beta TCR) but two polypeptides termed gamma and delta (gamma/delta TCR). Changes in gamma/delta TCR expression may be relevant as the cause or consequence of several diseases. Our study was undertaken to determine and compare the distribution of T-cells expressing gamma/delta TCR in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and of healthy controls. In addition, the association between gamma/delta TCR of blood T-lymphocytes and accessory molecules was analysed. Using direct immunofluorescence with the anti-gamma/delta TCR and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) followed by flow cytometric analysis, the blood of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, HP, IPF and of healthy controls was analysed. To reveal the association between gamma/delta...
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Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2006
SummaryBackground: Exposure to airborne wheat allergens in the bakery trade is associated with a ... more SummaryBackground: Exposure to airborne wheat allergens in the bakery trade is associated with a high risk of occupational allergy and asthma. Control and reduction of allergen exposure require relatively simple but reliable monitoring techniques. We developed new rabbit IgG‐based enzyme immunoassays (EIA) for wheat allergens, which might be a convenient alternative for the thus far used human IgG4 inhibition assay.Methods: The reactivity and specificity of rabbit antibodies were assessed by EIA and immunoblotting, and compared with those of IgE from wheat‐sensitized bakers, and with the antibodies used in the IgG4 inhibition EIA. An IgG inhibition and a sandwich EIA were developed for analysis of airborne dust samples.Results: Human IgG4 and rabbit IgG inhibition EIAs had comparable sensitivities, with limits of detection (LOD) between 18 and 88 ng/mL, while the sandwich EIA was much more sensitive (LOD<0.2 ng/mL). Human IgG4 and rabbit IgG reacted in immunoblotting with most of...
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Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 1998
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Archives of Toxicology, 2009
Sulphur dioxide (SO(2)) is an important environmental and workplace air pollutant. Some studies d... more Sulphur dioxide (SO(2)) is an important environmental and workplace air pollutant. Some studies demonstrate that subjects without adaptation respond to SO(2) up to 10 ppm with irritative effects on the airways. The aim of our study was to assess irritative effects of SO(2) up to 2 ppm on the airways using non-invasive methods like exhaled breath condensate (EBC), nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Sixteen healthy volunteers were exposed for 4 h to SO(2) in concentrations of 0 (clean air), 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ppm in a repeated measures cross-over design. Before and after exposure, FeNO and biomarkers of airway inflammation in NALF and EBC were measured. All EBC pH values, collected after exposure, were more alkaline than before, significant only for clean air (7.05 + or - 0.4 vs. 7.27 + or - 0.3, P = 0.0031) and 0.5 ppm SO(2) exposure (6.85 + or - 0.53 vs. 7.08 + or - 0.42, P = 0.0251). No dose-dependent differences before and after exposure were measured for LTB(4), PGE(2) and 8-isoPGF(2alpha). Substance P in NALF collected after exposure tended to result in higher concentrations compared to pre-samples, without clear dose effect. Further cellular and soluble parameters measured were not significantly affected. Our results show that 4 h SO(2) exposure up to 2.0 ppm did not induce significant changes in the biomarker composition of the EBC and NALF when compared with clean air or with pre-samples of the same subject. Therefore our data suggest that acute low dose SO(2) exposure in not adapted subjects did not induce airway irritation or/and inflammation measured under these conditions.
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Allergologie, 2014
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Annals of Work Exposures and Health, Aug 7, 2021
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Papers by Monika Raulf-heimsoth