Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, v... more Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, viscosity and other rheological aspects. This research extensively investigated the effects of ohmic heating (OH) on milk viscosity, along with other rheological attributes and pH. Methods: Milk samples with varied fat constituents were subjected to OH at a constant voltage of 140V until they reached a temperature of 90C. The pH of raw milk and heated milk was determined using an auto-pH meter, whereas the viscosity of the same was measured using a Brookfield viscometer that includes a wide range of characteristics, such as viscosity, temperature, shear stress and torque at various spindle rotation speeds. The current investigation used principal component analysis (PCA) as a key statistical approach. Result: The pH values exhibited little fluctuations during OH across several milk kinds, indicating mild acidification throughout the process, but the observed alterations did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), suggesting that OH does not significantly affect milk pH. Viscosity measurements showed that the application of OH resulted in a decrease in the average viscosity of milk, suggesting changes in its ability to withstand shear forces. The correlation study revealed robust positive associations between viscosity and fat content (PC2-26.77%), as well as between rotational speed, shear rate and torque (PC1-53.72%) and a negative correlation with temperature, offering valuable insights into the dynamic properties of milk when subjected to thermal heat treatment.
Journal of Dairying, Foods & Home Sciences/Journal of dairying foods & home sciences, Apr 12, 2024
Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, v... more Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, viscosity and other rheological aspects. This research extensively investigated the effects of ohmic heating (OH) on milk viscosity, along with other rheological attributes and pH. Methods: Milk samples with varied fat constituents were subjected to OH at a constant voltage of 140V until they reached a temperature of 90°C. The pH of raw milk and heated milk was determined using an auto-pH meter, whereas the viscosity of the same was measured using a Brookfield viscometer that includes a wide range of characteristics, such as viscosity, temperature, shear stress and torque at various spindle rotation speeds. The current investigation used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a key statistical approach. Result: The pH values exhibited little fluctuations during OH across several milk kinds, indicating mild acidification throughout the process, but the observed alterations did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), suggesting that OH does not significantly affect milk pH. Viscosity measurements showed that the application of OH resulted in a decrease in the average viscosity of milk, suggesting changes in its ability to withstand shear forces. The correlation study revealed robust positive associations between viscosity and fat content (PC2-26.77%), as well as between rotational speed, shear rate and torque (PC1-53.72%) and a negative correlation with temperature, offering valuable insights into the dynamic properties of milk when subjected to thermal heat treatment.
International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience, 2018
The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tracto... more The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tractor as the tractor is used for maximum farm operations. India is an agriculture-based country and the majority of Indians depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Farm tractors make the tasks easy, reduce labor, and give precise results in lesser time but on the other side, the increasing population and demand lead to depletion of conventional energy resources, and switching towards alternative clean energy is becoming a must thing in the present era. Among various renewable green fuels, biogas is getting much attention in the past few years for its use in stationary engines and has been proven as an alternative fuel to reduce petrol and diesel consumption. Considering this fact, a dual fuel system was developed to use biogas as an alternative fuel in the tractor. Biogas can be an excellent fuel with easy production but raw biogas emission can harm the environment as it contains H2S pollutants. To overcome this problem, raw biogas can be converted into compressed bio-methane, which is a purified form of biogas and contains higher methane composition, decreased CO2 composition, and eliminated hydrogen sulphide pollutants. This compressed bio-methane can be filled into cylinders, which serve as a fuel tank in vehicles to lower the conventional fuel consumption. In the present study, a diesel tractor (Swaraj 724) was modified by installing various components and operated on bifuel. The tractor was tested under on-load and no-load conditions to check the efficiency, and it was found that using biogas could replace the diesel consumption up to a good extent without knocking problem but the tractor could not be operated on pure biomethane or biogas only; it used both diesel fuel and biomethane fuel simultaneously to operate.
Milk is assumed to be a complete food, due to its high nutritional status. Regular consumption of... more Milk is assumed to be a complete food, due to its high nutritional status. Regular consumption of milk reduces the problems of nutrition deficiency. Milk contains sugar, mainly lactose in higher amount and lactose, with other ingredients of milk, also contributes to maintain the energy level of body. But, in some cases a problem arises due to the intake of lactose mainly owing to the deficiency of ?-galactosidase (Lactase) enzyme. Deficiency of lactase enzyme in human body, results in inefficiency of body for degrading the lactose into its smaller constituents. Un-degraded/ undigested lactose consumed by the bacteria and converts it into several acids and gases, which results in arise of several types of intestinal disorders. In this article, main focus is given on the lactose intolerance, its types, and remedies.
India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nat... more India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nation, but the burning of rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice, and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a much superior latest technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the total plastic is used i...
The dairy and food processing operations consume a lot of thermal energy for which mainly convent... more The dairy and food processing operations consume a lot of thermal energy for which mainly conventional energy sources are used, which lead to environmental pollution and contributing to the factors responsible for climate change. To overcome this problem, renewable energy resources, especially solar energy can be the best option as India has an abundance of sunshine for around 300-330 days/year with an average intensity of 5-7 KW/m 2 . Solar energy has wide applications in various dairy and food processing operations like heating, steam generation, cooling, transportation, lighting, drying, etc. Along with multiple applications, this paper explores the current researches and needs to develop solar technologies so that it can be effectively used for various operations in the dairy and food industries.
Most of the tasks in dairy and meat processing industries are full of physical challenges, prone ... more Most of the tasks in dairy and meat processing industries are full of physical challenges, prone to labour scarcity, and repetitive. Sometimes the labour cost is 50 per cent of the total product cost. To meet the demands of the rapidly growing population, robotic automation has tremendous scope, but the technology is still lagging in food industries than other industrial sectors. Currently, value-added production in dairy and meat industries is limited and inefficient in terms of capacity and hygienic output. The need for robotics is increasing to get work with the consideration of hygiene and high productivity rate along with eradicating human interference. Diseases like the coronavirus (COVID-19) are spreading with an uncontrolled chain because of human touch, but these touch-free smart technologies can save the generations.
Ancient farming methods with yogic techniques are reported as the zero budget sustainable method ... more Ancient farming methods with yogic techniques are reported as the zero budget sustainable method for cultivation, seed germination, plant growth, and harvesting. It increases the crop yield resulting in enhanced production and improved soil fertility. The Brahma Kumaris’ Raja Yoga Meditation (BKRYM) technique revived by Raja Yoga Education and Research Foundation (headquartered at Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India) is scientifically proven not only for an enhanced quality of farm produce but also for the well-being of farmers who practice this meditation. An initiative was taken in the Indian Finance Budget (July 2019) to propose and introduce Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), which promotes sustainable yogic agriculture. Scientific Research of India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and Union Agricultural Ministry are also promoting this concept of yogic farming, but the farmers and researchers are not much aware of this holistic concept, which needs to be acknowledged and adapted to the specific social-cultural settings. BKRYM based yogic agriculture is a unique method of farming which helps in the sustainable development of the agro- ecosystem. This paper is aimed to explore the various studies, which shows that yogic-farming technique (BKRYM + Organic farming) is much efficient and superior to standard organic farming and chemical-based farming in terms of enhancing seed germination, soil health, plant growth, nutritional values, profitability along with farmers’ well being and reducing plant diseases, fungal and slug attacks and germination time.
India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nat... more India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nation, but the burning of rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice, and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a latest technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the total plastic is used in food packaging. The current study is aimed to explore the feasibility of this agricultural residue to get converted into useful biodegradable packaging materials that can work for agroecological and sustainable development
International journal of pure & applied biosciences, 2018
The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tracto... more The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tractor as the tractor is used for maximum farm operations. India is an agriculture-based country and the majority of Indians depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Farm tractors make the tasks easy, reduce labor, and give precise results in lesser time but on the other side, the increasing population and demand lead to depletion of conventional energy resources, and switching towards alternative clean energy is becoming a must thing in the present era. Among various renewable green fuels, biogas is getting much attention in the past few years for its use in stationary engines and has been proven as an alternative fuel to reduce petrol and diesel consumption. Considering this fact, a dual fuel system was developed to use biogas as an alternative fuel in the tractor. Biogas can be an excellent fuel with easy production but raw biogas emission can harm the environment as it contains H 2 S pollutants. To overcome this problem, raw biogas can be converted into compressed bio-methane, which is a purified form of biogas and contains higher methane composition, decreased CO 2 composition, and eliminated hydrogen sulphide pollutants. This compressed bio-methane can be filled into cylinders, which serve as a fuel tank in vehicles to lower the conventional fuel consumption. In the present study, a diesel tractor (Swaraj 724) was modified by installing various components and operated on bifuel. The tractor was tested under on-load and no-load conditions to check the efficiency, and it was found that using biogas could replace the diesel consumption up to a good extent without knocking problem but the tractor could not be operated on pure biomethane or biogas only; it used both diesel fuel and biomethane fuel simultaneously to operate.
Milk is a highly perishable commodity and needs quick processing to prevent growth of microorgani... more Milk is a highly perishable commodity and needs quick processing to prevent growth of microorganisms. Milk processing mainly contains heating and cooling operations and for most of the heating operations, steam is used as a heat transfer fluid. But the increasing energy demand leads to search for alternative renewable energy resources. Sun energy is highly efficient, free to use and does not harm the environment. A comparative study was done to select best heat transfer material for heating operations in milk processing. During the study, different energy storage materials viz. thermal fluids and phase changing material (PCM) in the form of salts were investigated to check their thermal profile, engineering characteristics viz. thermal expansion, melting point, smoke point etc. were evaluated. Sensible heat energy storage of thermal fluids namely; paraffin oil (light), silicon oil and phase changing salts namely; acetamide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate were analyzed for their heat absorption and thermo-physical properties. Among these four materials, paraffin oil was found as highest thermal energy absorbing material. The phase changing salts has more heat storage density as they absorb the heat in the form of latent heat. This leads to the storage of thermal energy for a longer period, once the salts are charged by heating but maximum heat energy was absorbed by paraffin oil (276 ˚C ) surging ahead of silicon oil (260 ˚C ). Peak temperature achieved by these oils is more than sufficient to cover the entire range of heating operations required in dairy process industries.
Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, v... more Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, viscosity and other rheological aspects. This research extensively investigated the effects of ohmic heating (OH) on milk viscosity, along with other rheological attributes and pH. Methods: Milk samples with varied fat constituents were subjected to OH at a constant voltage of 140V until they reached a temperature of 90C. The pH of raw milk and heated milk was determined using an auto-pH meter, whereas the viscosity of the same was measured using a Brookfield viscometer that includes a wide range of characteristics, such as viscosity, temperature, shear stress and torque at various spindle rotation speeds. The current investigation used principal component analysis (PCA) as a key statistical approach. Result: The pH values exhibited little fluctuations during OH across several milk kinds, indicating mild acidification throughout the process, but the observed alterations did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), suggesting that OH does not significantly affect milk pH. Viscosity measurements showed that the application of OH resulted in a decrease in the average viscosity of milk, suggesting changes in its ability to withstand shear forces. The correlation study revealed robust positive associations between viscosity and fat content (PC2-26.77%), as well as between rotational speed, shear rate and torque (PC1-53.72%) and a negative correlation with temperature, offering valuable insights into the dynamic properties of milk when subjected to thermal heat treatment.
Journal of Dairying, Foods & Home Sciences/Journal of dairying foods & home sciences, Apr 12, 2024
Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, v... more Background: Some of the factors that contribute to the quality of milk include fat content, pH, viscosity and other rheological aspects. This research extensively investigated the effects of ohmic heating (OH) on milk viscosity, along with other rheological attributes and pH. Methods: Milk samples with varied fat constituents were subjected to OH at a constant voltage of 140V until they reached a temperature of 90°C. The pH of raw milk and heated milk was determined using an auto-pH meter, whereas the viscosity of the same was measured using a Brookfield viscometer that includes a wide range of characteristics, such as viscosity, temperature, shear stress and torque at various spindle rotation speeds. The current investigation used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a key statistical approach. Result: The pH values exhibited little fluctuations during OH across several milk kinds, indicating mild acidification throughout the process, but the observed alterations did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), suggesting that OH does not significantly affect milk pH. Viscosity measurements showed that the application of OH resulted in a decrease in the average viscosity of milk, suggesting changes in its ability to withstand shear forces. The correlation study revealed robust positive associations between viscosity and fat content (PC2-26.77%), as well as between rotational speed, shear rate and torque (PC1-53.72%) and a negative correlation with temperature, offering valuable insights into the dynamic properties of milk when subjected to thermal heat treatment.
International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience, 2018
The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tracto... more The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tractor as the tractor is used for maximum farm operations. India is an agriculture-based country and the majority of Indians depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Farm tractors make the tasks easy, reduce labor, and give precise results in lesser time but on the other side, the increasing population and demand lead to depletion of conventional energy resources, and switching towards alternative clean energy is becoming a must thing in the present era. Among various renewable green fuels, biogas is getting much attention in the past few years for its use in stationary engines and has been proven as an alternative fuel to reduce petrol and diesel consumption. Considering this fact, a dual fuel system was developed to use biogas as an alternative fuel in the tractor. Biogas can be an excellent fuel with easy production but raw biogas emission can harm the environment as it contains H2S pollutants. To overcome this problem, raw biogas can be converted into compressed bio-methane, which is a purified form of biogas and contains higher methane composition, decreased CO2 composition, and eliminated hydrogen sulphide pollutants. This compressed bio-methane can be filled into cylinders, which serve as a fuel tank in vehicles to lower the conventional fuel consumption. In the present study, a diesel tractor (Swaraj 724) was modified by installing various components and operated on bifuel. The tractor was tested under on-load and no-load conditions to check the efficiency, and it was found that using biogas could replace the diesel consumption up to a good extent without knocking problem but the tractor could not be operated on pure biomethane or biogas only; it used both diesel fuel and biomethane fuel simultaneously to operate.
Milk is assumed to be a complete food, due to its high nutritional status. Regular consumption of... more Milk is assumed to be a complete food, due to its high nutritional status. Regular consumption of milk reduces the problems of nutrition deficiency. Milk contains sugar, mainly lactose in higher amount and lactose, with other ingredients of milk, also contributes to maintain the energy level of body. But, in some cases a problem arises due to the intake of lactose mainly owing to the deficiency of ?-galactosidase (Lactase) enzyme. Deficiency of lactase enzyme in human body, results in inefficiency of body for degrading the lactose into its smaller constituents. Un-degraded/ undigested lactose consumed by the bacteria and converts it into several acids and gases, which results in arise of several types of intestinal disorders. In this article, main focus is given on the lactose intolerance, its types, and remedies.
India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nat... more India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nation, but the burning of rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice, and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a much superior latest technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the total plastic is used i...
The dairy and food processing operations consume a lot of thermal energy for which mainly convent... more The dairy and food processing operations consume a lot of thermal energy for which mainly conventional energy sources are used, which lead to environmental pollution and contributing to the factors responsible for climate change. To overcome this problem, renewable energy resources, especially solar energy can be the best option as India has an abundance of sunshine for around 300-330 days/year with an average intensity of 5-7 KW/m 2 . Solar energy has wide applications in various dairy and food processing operations like heating, steam generation, cooling, transportation, lighting, drying, etc. Along with multiple applications, this paper explores the current researches and needs to develop solar technologies so that it can be effectively used for various operations in the dairy and food industries.
Most of the tasks in dairy and meat processing industries are full of physical challenges, prone ... more Most of the tasks in dairy and meat processing industries are full of physical challenges, prone to labour scarcity, and repetitive. Sometimes the labour cost is 50 per cent of the total product cost. To meet the demands of the rapidly growing population, robotic automation has tremendous scope, but the technology is still lagging in food industries than other industrial sectors. Currently, value-added production in dairy and meat industries is limited and inefficient in terms of capacity and hygienic output. The need for robotics is increasing to get work with the consideration of hygiene and high productivity rate along with eradicating human interference. Diseases like the coronavirus (COVID-19) are spreading with an uncontrolled chain because of human touch, but these touch-free smart technologies can save the generations.
Ancient farming methods with yogic techniques are reported as the zero budget sustainable method ... more Ancient farming methods with yogic techniques are reported as the zero budget sustainable method for cultivation, seed germination, plant growth, and harvesting. It increases the crop yield resulting in enhanced production and improved soil fertility. The Brahma Kumaris’ Raja Yoga Meditation (BKRYM) technique revived by Raja Yoga Education and Research Foundation (headquartered at Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India) is scientifically proven not only for an enhanced quality of farm produce but also for the well-being of farmers who practice this meditation. An initiative was taken in the Indian Finance Budget (July 2019) to propose and introduce Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), which promotes sustainable yogic agriculture. Scientific Research of India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and Union Agricultural Ministry are also promoting this concept of yogic farming, but the farmers and researchers are not much aware of this holistic concept, which needs to be acknowledged and adapted to the specific social-cultural settings. BKRYM based yogic agriculture is a unique method of farming which helps in the sustainable development of the agro- ecosystem. This paper is aimed to explore the various studies, which shows that yogic-farming technique (BKRYM + Organic farming) is much efficient and superior to standard organic farming and chemical-based farming in terms of enhancing seed germination, soil health, plant growth, nutritional values, profitability along with farmers’ well being and reducing plant diseases, fungal and slug attacks and germination time.
India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nat... more India is the second-largest producer of rice, which plays an important role in the GDP of the nation, but the burning of rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice, and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a latest technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the total plastic is used in food packaging. The current study is aimed to explore the feasibility of this agricultural residue to get converted into useful biodegradable packaging materials that can work for agroecological and sustainable development
International journal of pure & applied biosciences, 2018
The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tracto... more The aim of this study was to develop an alternative green energy-based system to operate a tractor as the tractor is used for maximum farm operations. India is an agriculture-based country and the majority of Indians depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Farm tractors make the tasks easy, reduce labor, and give precise results in lesser time but on the other side, the increasing population and demand lead to depletion of conventional energy resources, and switching towards alternative clean energy is becoming a must thing in the present era. Among various renewable green fuels, biogas is getting much attention in the past few years for its use in stationary engines and has been proven as an alternative fuel to reduce petrol and diesel consumption. Considering this fact, a dual fuel system was developed to use biogas as an alternative fuel in the tractor. Biogas can be an excellent fuel with easy production but raw biogas emission can harm the environment as it contains H 2 S pollutants. To overcome this problem, raw biogas can be converted into compressed bio-methane, which is a purified form of biogas and contains higher methane composition, decreased CO 2 composition, and eliminated hydrogen sulphide pollutants. This compressed bio-methane can be filled into cylinders, which serve as a fuel tank in vehicles to lower the conventional fuel consumption. In the present study, a diesel tractor (Swaraj 724) was modified by installing various components and operated on bifuel. The tractor was tested under on-load and no-load conditions to check the efficiency, and it was found that using biogas could replace the diesel consumption up to a good extent without knocking problem but the tractor could not be operated on pure biomethane or biogas only; it used both diesel fuel and biomethane fuel simultaneously to operate.
Milk is a highly perishable commodity and needs quick processing to prevent growth of microorgani... more Milk is a highly perishable commodity and needs quick processing to prevent growth of microorganisms. Milk processing mainly contains heating and cooling operations and for most of the heating operations, steam is used as a heat transfer fluid. But the increasing energy demand leads to search for alternative renewable energy resources. Sun energy is highly efficient, free to use and does not harm the environment. A comparative study was done to select best heat transfer material for heating operations in milk processing. During the study, different energy storage materials viz. thermal fluids and phase changing material (PCM) in the form of salts were investigated to check their thermal profile, engineering characteristics viz. thermal expansion, melting point, smoke point etc. were evaluated. Sensible heat energy storage of thermal fluids namely; paraffin oil (light), silicon oil and phase changing salts namely; acetamide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate were analyzed for their heat absorption and thermo-physical properties. Among these four materials, paraffin oil was found as highest thermal energy absorbing material. The phase changing salts has more heat storage density as they absorb the heat in the form of latent heat. This leads to the storage of thermal energy for a longer period, once the salts are charged by heating but maximum heat energy was absorbed by paraffin oil (276 ˚C ) surging ahead of silicon oil (260 ˚C ). Peak temperature achieved by these oils is more than sufficient to cover the entire range of heating operations required in dairy process industries.
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Papers by Mukul Sain
germination, plant growth, and harvesting. It increases the crop yield resulting in enhanced production and improved soil
fertility. The Brahma Kumaris’ Raja Yoga Meditation (BKRYM) technique revived by Raja Yoga Education and
Research Foundation (headquartered at Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India) is scientifically proven not only for an enhanced
quality of farm produce but also for the well-being of farmers who practice this meditation. An initiative was taken in the
Indian Finance Budget (July 2019) to propose and introduce Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), which promotes
sustainable yogic agriculture. Scientific Research of India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and Union
Agricultural Ministry are also promoting this concept of yogic farming, but the farmers and researchers are not much
aware of this holistic concept, which needs to be acknowledged and adapted to the specific social-cultural settings.
BKRYM based yogic agriculture is a unique method of farming which helps in the sustainable development of the agro-
ecosystem. This paper is aimed to explore the various studies, which shows that yogic-farming technique (BKRYM +
Organic farming) is much efficient and superior to standard organic farming and chemical-based farming in terms of
enhancing seed germination, soil health, plant growth, nutritional values, profitability along with farmers’ well being and
reducing plant diseases, fungal and slug attacks and germination time.
rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice,
and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because
of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research
studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a latest
technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging
materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble
burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the
total plastic is used in food packaging. The current study is aimed to explore the feasibility of this agricultural residue to
get converted into useful biodegradable packaging materials that can work for agroecological and sustainable
development
Drafts by Mukul Sain
germination, plant growth, and harvesting. It increases the crop yield resulting in enhanced production and improved soil
fertility. The Brahma Kumaris’ Raja Yoga Meditation (BKRYM) technique revived by Raja Yoga Education and
Research Foundation (headquartered at Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India) is scientifically proven not only for an enhanced
quality of farm produce but also for the well-being of farmers who practice this meditation. An initiative was taken in the
Indian Finance Budget (July 2019) to propose and introduce Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), which promotes
sustainable yogic agriculture. Scientific Research of India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), and Union
Agricultural Ministry are also promoting this concept of yogic farming, but the farmers and researchers are not much
aware of this holistic concept, which needs to be acknowledged and adapted to the specific social-cultural settings.
BKRYM based yogic agriculture is a unique method of farming which helps in the sustainable development of the agro-
ecosystem. This paper is aimed to explore the various studies, which shows that yogic-farming technique (BKRYM +
Organic farming) is much efficient and superior to standard organic farming and chemical-based farming in terms of
enhancing seed germination, soil health, plant growth, nutritional values, profitability along with farmers’ well being and
reducing plant diseases, fungal and slug attacks and germination time.
rice straw is one of the most severe issues, which the country is facing. The government has tightly regulated this practice,
and the farmers are usually advised to incorporate the residue in the soil, but this management option is minimal because
of its slow degradation properties in the soil and may also foster rice diseases. A lot of lab-scale and commercial research
studies have been conducted on rice straw-based nanocomposites, but rice straw-based bioplastic is a latest
technology that is not much explored. Only a few researchers have worked on making biodegradable bioplastic packaging
materials from rice straw. The developed technology not only eradicates the pollution problems caused because of stubble
burning but also resolves the problem of synthetic plastic packs, which is another major issue worldwide as 40% of the
total plastic is used in food packaging. The current study is aimed to explore the feasibility of this agricultural residue to
get converted into useful biodegradable packaging materials that can work for agroecological and sustainable
development