This study evaluated the criticality of change leadership to business survival in a volatile, unc... more This study evaluated the criticality of change leadership to business survival in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment, focusing on Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE)-listed companies in the COVID-19-affected trading period of March to December 2020. As 21st-century VUCA environments are putting business survival under growing pressure, the study sought to verify how much change leadership could mitigate VUCA's adverse impacts on viability. SPSS v.20 bivariate analysis was used to test the study's alternative hypothesis and establish a correlation between the change leadership aspects of vision, understanding, clarity, and agility and business survival in a VUCA environment. Theoretical and empirical literature noted broad consensus on leadership's importance for organizational change initiative success, especially in turbulent environments. A mixedmethods approach was used as the study was qualitative and quantitative. The study found that change leadership practice was common in ZSE companies during the studied COVID-19 period and most change and change leadership interventions were very feasible. It also found that the interventions were largely inevitable and significantly effective and that change leadership is crucial to business survival in a VUCA environment. Further, other factors besides change leadership were found significant for ZSE firms' survival in the era. It was suggested that corporate sector resilience initiatives be established in order to empower local businesses to survive growing VUCA pressures, which could help to boost potential local and foreign corporate investor confidence. Further, creating inclusive business change leadership educational awareness forums and/or institutions can help to capacitate local businesses to survive inevitable future VUCA episodes.
African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2021
The main objective of this paper was to determine business excellences and stakeholders influenci... more The main objective of this paper was to determine business excellences and stakeholders influencing the late adoption of quality management systems in Zimbabwe hotel industry and suggest recommendation that encourages adoption of quality management systems. The study followed a multi case study approach, with 9 hotels from Harare chosen purposively to represent the hotel industry in Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to get data from hotel managers, key stakeholders and staff members. Directed content analysis was used to analyse data. The results revealed that hotels in Zimbabwe do not follow internationally recognised business excellence models. Five key external stakeholders – banks, Zimbabwe Tourism Authority, Tourism Business Council of Zimbabwe, Hospitality Association of Zimbabwe, tourists and Standard Association of Zimbabwe were identified to be influencing adoption of quality management systems in the hotel industry. The study recommended f...
The aim of the study was to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality manage... more The aim of the study was to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry. This study sought to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry by (1) establishing the definition of quality, (2) exposing dimension of service quality, (3) identifying how customer satisfaction is measured and (4) identifying quality management systems and quality philosophy used in hotels. Appreciation of quality and QMS in the hotel industry can assist stakeholders to employ holistic measures to improve adoption of quality management systems in hotels and improve the operations of the hotels. The study followed a multi case study approach, with 9 hotels from Harare chosen purposively to represent the hotel industry in Zimbabwe. Managers and key stakeholders were interviewed and focus group interviews were conducted. Key questions on quality definition, dimens...
This paper aims at highlighting factors contributing to late adoption of quality management syste... more This paper aims at highlighting factors contributing to late adoption of quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry. The research answered questions on: What are the internal factors affecting adoption of QMS in hotels; What are the external factors affecting adoption of QMS in the hotels. Hotel managers and key stakeholders in the hotel industry were interviewed to get data. Focus group discussions was used to get data from hotel staff members. Directed content analysis was used to analyse data. Some of the internal factors affecting adoption of QMS in the hotel industry in Zimbabwe identified are high staff and management turnover, absence of specialised quality function, poor remuneration of hotel employees and lack of financial resources. While some of the external factors identified are high taxes and licensing fees, industry over regulation, hyperinflation, and poor industry supporting infrastructure. The study recommended for creation of hotel industry st...
Journal of Gastronomy Hospitality and Travel (JOGHAT), 2021
The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hot... more The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a multiple case study of hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to several internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a Ph.D. project, which objects to investigate external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in the hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis and NVivo 12 were used to analyse data. Eisenhardt's Model of developing theory from case studies was used. The study draws upon QMSs from the 1970s to 2020s. The main factors affecting the adoption of QMSs were established and their interrelatedness established. The BASERA-MWENJE model of QMS adoption was developed. The model has not been tested, besides some parts of it, during work. Model differences and similarities were identified from literature to fortify the BASERA-MWENJE model of QMSs adoption. This model will be offered to the hotel industry and other industries, in general, to simplify and improve the adoption of QMSs under Zimbabwe's National Development Strategy 1 (NDS) to realise Vision 2030 "Towards a Prosperous and Empowered Upper Middle-Income Society".
J.:}, .' !~. The study focused on the influence of leadership styles in Pentecostal churches ... more J.:}, .' !~. The study focused on the influence of leadership styles in Pentecostal churches with reference to Zimbabwe. There has not been a comprehensive study on leadership styles amongst Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe which extends the leadership theories developed for business organizations to church organizations. The mixed methods (pragmatic) approach was adopted in the study using both qualitative and quantitative data. It allows the researcher to use multiple methods, different worldviews and assumptions as well as different forms of data collection and analysis. The pragmatic approach is not committed to one system of philosophy and reality and it gives the researcher freedom of choice of methods, techniques and procedures of the research that best answers the research problem. The mixed methods was also adopted for triangulation purposes. A case study approach using exploratory and descriptive research designs was employed. Interviews, questionnaires and observations were the main data collection tools. Document analysis was also used as a triangulation method. Three main participant groups in this study were the founders of the church, the leaders of the church such as pastors, elders, deacons and departmental leaders and finally the members of the church. Six Pentecostal churches were identified using specified criteria in order to create boundaries. Analysis of data was guided by the grounded theory propounded by Glaser and Strauss (1967) using the Constant Comparative Method. In addition the Public and Hidden Transcripts Theory by Scott (1992) was used as a discourse analysis tool. The findings were divided into four main categories, the leadership styles, growth strategies, sustainability and succession plan in order to address the influence of leadership styles on growth among the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Under the leadership styles, the study sought to find out first the leadership styles of the founders or senior pastors of Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Overall the findings indicate that the transformational leadership style is the leadership style of founders of the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. The second part on leadership was to find out the leadership styles of leaders in which the democratic leadership style was the mostly practiced one. The final aspect was to identify the dominant leadership style within the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. The supportive leadership style was found to be the dominant leadership style in Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Two models are presented as contribution to knowledge especially which can either be adapted or adopted by leaders in churches, business and management circles. The first model, the Ordinary-Questioning-Decision Making and Stability Model (OQDS) identifies the levels that people are at within the organisation (church). After that identification relevant leaders need to groom them using the Contextualised Leadership-Follower Model (eLF), in order to bring about loyalty and commitment.
The paper focuses on the development of management skills for effective church management in past... more The paper focuses on the development of management skills for effective church management in pastoral preparation programs in Zimbabwe, and underscores the need for the use of secular principles and practices in church management. It identifies the management challenges faced by the pastors, explores the extent to which management skills are being developed in pastoral preparation programs, and looks into alternative management practices which could be adopted into the Church for ministry effectiveness. The research instruments used were self-administered questionnaires distributed to a sample of fifty-three Evangelical and Pentecostal Pastors in Harare whose churches are registered with the Evangelical Fellowship of Zimbabwe (EFZ) and/or the Zimbabwe Council of Evangelical Pentecostal Churches (ZCEPC); and six face-to-face interviews held with three seminary deans and three senior pastors for churches which do in-house training. The study found that pastors are currently facing management challenges because the course content of the pastoral preparation programs is more skewed towards the spiritual aspects of ministry. Recommendations were thus made to the effect that pastoral preparation programs should consider collaborating with business schools and business persons to assist in the amendment of their course content to ensure that proper management skills are developed in the pastors by the introduction of management studies alongside theological studies. Some of the suggested management aspects are strategic planning and implementation, financial management and internal control systems, and organizational development and design. As such, the researcher attempts theoretical generalization by proposing that the theory applied in business skills of management, can be generalized in church circumstances.
International Journal of Management Excellence, 2017
Many companies are using only a portion of what is needed in terms of Information Technologies (I... more Many companies are using only a portion of what is needed in terms of Information Technologies (IT) and this has caused the researcher to study how best Meteorological Services Department (MSD) can effectively utilize Management Information Systems (MIS). The objective that directed the study was to investigate value addition by information systems to a service providing business with specific reference to the weather station in Zimbabwe (Meteorological Services Department). Knowing the value added by MIS to one's business and working environment is key to cope with the ever increasing challenges such as the volume of information resources, nature and quality of information, user needs and expectations, information and communication technology competencies and infrastructure, inflated cost of information resources and staffing needs. The researcher studied how information systems add value to the daily business of the (MSD) in the following areas of the organisation processes: products, quality, management, problem solving and decision of the organisation. The study on value addition by management information systems will assist in the improvement of the MSD in Zimbabwe. The study used a multistage sampling process for drawing sample from the target population. Secondary and primary data collection methods were used for data collection purposes. The source for primary data was questionnaire. Five different types of Management Information Systems that add value to the MSD were identified;
This study seeks to add to the knowledge gap on leadership styles in organizations under harsh ec... more This study seeks to add to the knowledge gap on leadership styles in organizations under harsh economic environments by assessing the leadership styles of senior managers and chief executive officers in the private and public sectors and to correlate the organizational performance to the styles. A survey research design using self-administered questionnaires was used in this study. Questionnaires (150) were sent out to the major companies throughout Zimbabwe targeting senior managers and chief executive officers. Convenient sampling and snowball sampling were used to identify the organizations used in the study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 and MINITAB statistical package were used for analyzing data. Transactional leadership style was the dominant style in both the private and public sectors in the time of economic uncertainty. Contrary to widely held views, the private sector managers excelled on transactional leadership style compared to their counter parts in the public sector. The results suggest that during hard times or in economic crisis, leadership styles may change to suit the environment. In particular, transactional leadership style becomes a dominant style if organizations are to succeed in the maintenance of high standards of performance and retention of skills. In times of crisis, both transformational and transactional leadership styles are important for the survival of organizations. Although leadership styles have been studied in different organizations, information on studies in the public sector has lagged behind. The study described in the study is the first to consider leadership styles in the two sectors under harsh economic conditions (highest recorded inflation). As such, this study gives insight to managers and chief executive officers on how to keep performance high.
Leader-follower relationship is one element that is crucial to the influence and growth of church... more Leader-follower relationship is one element that is crucial to the influence and growth of churches. When the leader maintains control and interacts constructively with the followers, understanding the levels that they are at; the likely outcome is a strong organization. The researcher using the grounded theory came up with the Ordinary-Questioning-Decision Making-Stability and the Contextualized Leadership-Follower models that could assist Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe to build a strong committed membership base. The grounded theory allows data collection, analysis and eventual theory or model to stand in close relationship to one another. The constant comparative approach under the grounded theory was adopted. Christian leadership is not restricted to within church walls but is also effective in the public arena such as profit-making-organizations. The first model entails that leaders identify the levels that their members are at and groom them accordingly using the various leadership styles in the second model.
The aim of the paper is to focus on leadership styles exercised by Pentecostal leaders in Zimbabw... more The aim of the paper is to focus on leadership styles exercised by Pentecostal leaders in Zimbabwe. The target population was divided into three main groups; the founders, the leaders and the members of Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Depth interviews and questionnaires were used on six founders, three hundred and fifty leaders and nine hundred members. The leadership style of the founders was found to be transformational while that of the leaders was democratic. The dominant leadership style as reported by members was supportive. The study extends/applies the study of leadership styles from business organisations to church organisations. The study enabled the creation of leadership models that can be applied to both church and business organisations for growth. An in-depth study on the leadership styles practiced by Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe clarifies on the reasons of growth experienced in the churches.
European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation
The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hot... more The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a case study of multiple hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee that certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to a number of internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a PhD project, which investigates external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders, while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis and NVivo 12 were u...
Southern Africa Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 2020
Assessment of the Industrial Attachment Programme was deemed incomplete without reviewing measure... more Assessment of the Industrial Attachment Programme was deemed incomplete without reviewing measures of academic performance, efficiency, and the factors that affect performance and efficiency. The factors forming the basis for this review were found to human and system oriented. Academic performance of students has to be measured using examinations, tests, assignments and exercises. Data Envelope Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analyst were the efficiency measures reviewed. Data Envelope Analysis was regarded appropriate for this study considering its ability to handle multiple inputs and outputs. Data Envelope Analysis estimates allocative, technical and economic efficiency which are key efficient measures. Some of the factors reviewed include financing, timing, evaluation and assessment methods of the programme. Linkage among students, tertiary education institutions, host organizations and various stake holders were other key factors. Courses covered before Industrial Attachment ...
Tertiary education institutions are seen to be increasingly incorporating industrial attachment a... more Tertiary education institutions are seen to be increasingly incorporating industrial attachment as a training methodology. This is happening with the private and public sectors. It is of the view that during the industrial attachment phase, the student is accorded an opportunity to marry theory learnt in the classroom with the real field of work. Among other training methodologies, industrial attachment was found to be key with respect to professional etiquette doing extremely well in combination with other methodologies. This review paper covers history of industrial attachment, benefits derived from the Industrial Attachment Programme (IAP) by the students, tertiary education institutions, host organizations and the industry at large. The paper also highlights challenges faced by key players in the circle of the IAP. The review will assist in improving the way institutions of higher learning, government departments and host organizations conduct the programme to enhance the multip...
The article is on the construction of a model of quality management system (orcid.o QMS) adoption... more The article is on the construction of a model of quality management system (orcid.o QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a multiple case study of hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to several internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a Ph.D. project, which objects to investigate external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in the hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis an...
Purpose: The main objective of this article was to provide evidence concerning the level of Quali... more Purpose: The main objective of this article was to provide evidence concerning the level of Quality Management (QM) in Zimbabwe. Submitted evidence regarding QM in Zimbabwe will help organizations that want to implement QM systems. The results can guide government agents in making informed decisions towards QM systems implementation since very few organizations are officially quality certified. Research Methodology: The survey followed online search query on quality management in zimbabwe from journal articles, proceedings and institutional repository. 51 publications were selected and excel file was used to capture data and analyse. Results: The results expose that there was high interest in QM in 2014, 2015 and 2016. The results showed industries lack of capacity and resources, lack of skills and expertise, poor communication with stakeholders, poor raw materials, changing customer preferences, lack of top management commitment and costs of QM systems as key barriers to QM impleme...
This study evaluated the criticality of change leadership to business survival in a volatile, unc... more This study evaluated the criticality of change leadership to business survival in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment, focusing on Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE)-listed companies in the COVID-19-affected trading period of March to December 2020. As 21st-century VUCA environments are putting business survival under growing pressure, the study sought to verify how much change leadership could mitigate VUCA's adverse impacts on viability. SPSS v.20 bivariate analysis was used to test the study's alternative hypothesis and establish a correlation between the change leadership aspects of vision, understanding, clarity, and agility and business survival in a VUCA environment. Theoretical and empirical literature noted broad consensus on leadership's importance for organizational change initiative success, especially in turbulent environments. A mixedmethods approach was used as the study was qualitative and quantitative. The study found that change leadership practice was common in ZSE companies during the studied COVID-19 period and most change and change leadership interventions were very feasible. It also found that the interventions were largely inevitable and significantly effective and that change leadership is crucial to business survival in a VUCA environment. Further, other factors besides change leadership were found significant for ZSE firms' survival in the era. It was suggested that corporate sector resilience initiatives be established in order to empower local businesses to survive growing VUCA pressures, which could help to boost potential local and foreign corporate investor confidence. Further, creating inclusive business change leadership educational awareness forums and/or institutions can help to capacitate local businesses to survive inevitable future VUCA episodes.
African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2021
The main objective of this paper was to determine business excellences and stakeholders influenci... more The main objective of this paper was to determine business excellences and stakeholders influencing the late adoption of quality management systems in Zimbabwe hotel industry and suggest recommendation that encourages adoption of quality management systems. The study followed a multi case study approach, with 9 hotels from Harare chosen purposively to represent the hotel industry in Zimbabwe. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to get data from hotel managers, key stakeholders and staff members. Directed content analysis was used to analyse data. The results revealed that hotels in Zimbabwe do not follow internationally recognised business excellence models. Five key external stakeholders – banks, Zimbabwe Tourism Authority, Tourism Business Council of Zimbabwe, Hospitality Association of Zimbabwe, tourists and Standard Association of Zimbabwe were identified to be influencing adoption of quality management systems in the hotel industry. The study recommended f...
The aim of the study was to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality manage... more The aim of the study was to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry. This study sought to investigate the stakeholder’s awareness of quality and quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry by (1) establishing the definition of quality, (2) exposing dimension of service quality, (3) identifying how customer satisfaction is measured and (4) identifying quality management systems and quality philosophy used in hotels. Appreciation of quality and QMS in the hotel industry can assist stakeholders to employ holistic measures to improve adoption of quality management systems in hotels and improve the operations of the hotels. The study followed a multi case study approach, with 9 hotels from Harare chosen purposively to represent the hotel industry in Zimbabwe. Managers and key stakeholders were interviewed and focus group interviews were conducted. Key questions on quality definition, dimens...
This paper aims at highlighting factors contributing to late adoption of quality management syste... more This paper aims at highlighting factors contributing to late adoption of quality management systems (QMS) in the Zimbabwe hotel industry. The research answered questions on: What are the internal factors affecting adoption of QMS in hotels; What are the external factors affecting adoption of QMS in the hotels. Hotel managers and key stakeholders in the hotel industry were interviewed to get data. Focus group discussions was used to get data from hotel staff members. Directed content analysis was used to analyse data. Some of the internal factors affecting adoption of QMS in the hotel industry in Zimbabwe identified are high staff and management turnover, absence of specialised quality function, poor remuneration of hotel employees and lack of financial resources. While some of the external factors identified are high taxes and licensing fees, industry over regulation, hyperinflation, and poor industry supporting infrastructure. The study recommended for creation of hotel industry st...
Journal of Gastronomy Hospitality and Travel (JOGHAT), 2021
The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hot... more The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a multiple case study of hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to several internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a Ph.D. project, which objects to investigate external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in the hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis and NVivo 12 were used to analyse data. Eisenhardt's Model of developing theory from case studies was used. The study draws upon QMSs from the 1970s to 2020s. The main factors affecting the adoption of QMSs were established and their interrelatedness established. The BASERA-MWENJE model of QMS adoption was developed. The model has not been tested, besides some parts of it, during work. Model differences and similarities were identified from literature to fortify the BASERA-MWENJE model of QMSs adoption. This model will be offered to the hotel industry and other industries, in general, to simplify and improve the adoption of QMSs under Zimbabwe's National Development Strategy 1 (NDS) to realise Vision 2030 "Towards a Prosperous and Empowered Upper Middle-Income Society".
J.:}, .' !~. The study focused on the influence of leadership styles in Pentecostal churches ... more J.:}, .' !~. The study focused on the influence of leadership styles in Pentecostal churches with reference to Zimbabwe. There has not been a comprehensive study on leadership styles amongst Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe which extends the leadership theories developed for business organizations to church organizations. The mixed methods (pragmatic) approach was adopted in the study using both qualitative and quantitative data. It allows the researcher to use multiple methods, different worldviews and assumptions as well as different forms of data collection and analysis. The pragmatic approach is not committed to one system of philosophy and reality and it gives the researcher freedom of choice of methods, techniques and procedures of the research that best answers the research problem. The mixed methods was also adopted for triangulation purposes. A case study approach using exploratory and descriptive research designs was employed. Interviews, questionnaires and observations were the main data collection tools. Document analysis was also used as a triangulation method. Three main participant groups in this study were the founders of the church, the leaders of the church such as pastors, elders, deacons and departmental leaders and finally the members of the church. Six Pentecostal churches were identified using specified criteria in order to create boundaries. Analysis of data was guided by the grounded theory propounded by Glaser and Strauss (1967) using the Constant Comparative Method. In addition the Public and Hidden Transcripts Theory by Scott (1992) was used as a discourse analysis tool. The findings were divided into four main categories, the leadership styles, growth strategies, sustainability and succession plan in order to address the influence of leadership styles on growth among the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Under the leadership styles, the study sought to find out first the leadership styles of the founders or senior pastors of Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Overall the findings indicate that the transformational leadership style is the leadership style of founders of the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. The second part on leadership was to find out the leadership styles of leaders in which the democratic leadership style was the mostly practiced one. The final aspect was to identify the dominant leadership style within the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. The supportive leadership style was found to be the dominant leadership style in Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Two models are presented as contribution to knowledge especially which can either be adapted or adopted by leaders in churches, business and management circles. The first model, the Ordinary-Questioning-Decision Making and Stability Model (OQDS) identifies the levels that people are at within the organisation (church). After that identification relevant leaders need to groom them using the Contextualised Leadership-Follower Model (eLF), in order to bring about loyalty and commitment.
The paper focuses on the development of management skills for effective church management in past... more The paper focuses on the development of management skills for effective church management in pastoral preparation programs in Zimbabwe, and underscores the need for the use of secular principles and practices in church management. It identifies the management challenges faced by the pastors, explores the extent to which management skills are being developed in pastoral preparation programs, and looks into alternative management practices which could be adopted into the Church for ministry effectiveness. The research instruments used were self-administered questionnaires distributed to a sample of fifty-three Evangelical and Pentecostal Pastors in Harare whose churches are registered with the Evangelical Fellowship of Zimbabwe (EFZ) and/or the Zimbabwe Council of Evangelical Pentecostal Churches (ZCEPC); and six face-to-face interviews held with three seminary deans and three senior pastors for churches which do in-house training. The study found that pastors are currently facing management challenges because the course content of the pastoral preparation programs is more skewed towards the spiritual aspects of ministry. Recommendations were thus made to the effect that pastoral preparation programs should consider collaborating with business schools and business persons to assist in the amendment of their course content to ensure that proper management skills are developed in the pastors by the introduction of management studies alongside theological studies. Some of the suggested management aspects are strategic planning and implementation, financial management and internal control systems, and organizational development and design. As such, the researcher attempts theoretical generalization by proposing that the theory applied in business skills of management, can be generalized in church circumstances.
International Journal of Management Excellence, 2017
Many companies are using only a portion of what is needed in terms of Information Technologies (I... more Many companies are using only a portion of what is needed in terms of Information Technologies (IT) and this has caused the researcher to study how best Meteorological Services Department (MSD) can effectively utilize Management Information Systems (MIS). The objective that directed the study was to investigate value addition by information systems to a service providing business with specific reference to the weather station in Zimbabwe (Meteorological Services Department). Knowing the value added by MIS to one's business and working environment is key to cope with the ever increasing challenges such as the volume of information resources, nature and quality of information, user needs and expectations, information and communication technology competencies and infrastructure, inflated cost of information resources and staffing needs. The researcher studied how information systems add value to the daily business of the (MSD) in the following areas of the organisation processes: products, quality, management, problem solving and decision of the organisation. The study on value addition by management information systems will assist in the improvement of the MSD in Zimbabwe. The study used a multistage sampling process for drawing sample from the target population. Secondary and primary data collection methods were used for data collection purposes. The source for primary data was questionnaire. Five different types of Management Information Systems that add value to the MSD were identified;
This study seeks to add to the knowledge gap on leadership styles in organizations under harsh ec... more This study seeks to add to the knowledge gap on leadership styles in organizations under harsh economic environments by assessing the leadership styles of senior managers and chief executive officers in the private and public sectors and to correlate the organizational performance to the styles. A survey research design using self-administered questionnaires was used in this study. Questionnaires (150) were sent out to the major companies throughout Zimbabwe targeting senior managers and chief executive officers. Convenient sampling and snowball sampling were used to identify the organizations used in the study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 and MINITAB statistical package were used for analyzing data. Transactional leadership style was the dominant style in both the private and public sectors in the time of economic uncertainty. Contrary to widely held views, the private sector managers excelled on transactional leadership style compared to their counter parts in the public sector. The results suggest that during hard times or in economic crisis, leadership styles may change to suit the environment. In particular, transactional leadership style becomes a dominant style if organizations are to succeed in the maintenance of high standards of performance and retention of skills. In times of crisis, both transformational and transactional leadership styles are important for the survival of organizations. Although leadership styles have been studied in different organizations, information on studies in the public sector has lagged behind. The study described in the study is the first to consider leadership styles in the two sectors under harsh economic conditions (highest recorded inflation). As such, this study gives insight to managers and chief executive officers on how to keep performance high.
Leader-follower relationship is one element that is crucial to the influence and growth of church... more Leader-follower relationship is one element that is crucial to the influence and growth of churches. When the leader maintains control and interacts constructively with the followers, understanding the levels that they are at; the likely outcome is a strong organization. The researcher using the grounded theory came up with the Ordinary-Questioning-Decision Making-Stability and the Contextualized Leadership-Follower models that could assist Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe to build a strong committed membership base. The grounded theory allows data collection, analysis and eventual theory or model to stand in close relationship to one another. The constant comparative approach under the grounded theory was adopted. Christian leadership is not restricted to within church walls but is also effective in the public arena such as profit-making-organizations. The first model entails that leaders identify the levels that their members are at and groom them accordingly using the various leadership styles in the second model.
The aim of the paper is to focus on leadership styles exercised by Pentecostal leaders in Zimbabw... more The aim of the paper is to focus on leadership styles exercised by Pentecostal leaders in Zimbabwe. The target population was divided into three main groups; the founders, the leaders and the members of Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe. Depth interviews and questionnaires were used on six founders, three hundred and fifty leaders and nine hundred members. The leadership style of the founders was found to be transformational while that of the leaders was democratic. The dominant leadership style as reported by members was supportive. The study extends/applies the study of leadership styles from business organisations to church organisations. The study enabled the creation of leadership models that can be applied to both church and business organisations for growth. An in-depth study on the leadership styles practiced by Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe clarifies on the reasons of growth experienced in the churches.
European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation
The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hot... more The article is the construction of a model of quality management system (QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a case study of multiple hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee that certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to a number of internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a PhD project, which investigates external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders, while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis and NVivo 12 were u...
Southern Africa Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 2020
Assessment of the Industrial Attachment Programme was deemed incomplete without reviewing measure... more Assessment of the Industrial Attachment Programme was deemed incomplete without reviewing measures of academic performance, efficiency, and the factors that affect performance and efficiency. The factors forming the basis for this review were found to human and system oriented. Academic performance of students has to be measured using examinations, tests, assignments and exercises. Data Envelope Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analyst were the efficiency measures reviewed. Data Envelope Analysis was regarded appropriate for this study considering its ability to handle multiple inputs and outputs. Data Envelope Analysis estimates allocative, technical and economic efficiency which are key efficient measures. Some of the factors reviewed include financing, timing, evaluation and assessment methods of the programme. Linkage among students, tertiary education institutions, host organizations and various stake holders were other key factors. Courses covered before Industrial Attachment ...
Tertiary education institutions are seen to be increasingly incorporating industrial attachment a... more Tertiary education institutions are seen to be increasingly incorporating industrial attachment as a training methodology. This is happening with the private and public sectors. It is of the view that during the industrial attachment phase, the student is accorded an opportunity to marry theory learnt in the classroom with the real field of work. Among other training methodologies, industrial attachment was found to be key with respect to professional etiquette doing extremely well in combination with other methodologies. This review paper covers history of industrial attachment, benefits derived from the Industrial Attachment Programme (IAP) by the students, tertiary education institutions, host organizations and the industry at large. The paper also highlights challenges faced by key players in the circle of the IAP. The review will assist in improving the way institutions of higher learning, government departments and host organizations conduct the programme to enhance the multip...
The article is on the construction of a model of quality management system (orcid.o QMS) adoption... more The article is on the construction of a model of quality management system (orcid.o QMS) adoption in the hotel industry grounded on a multiple case study of hotels in Zimbabwe. QMSs in the hotel industry are adopted to guarantee certain levels of quality required by customers are achieved. Achievement of certain levels of quality can result in better customer satisfaction, which is important to ensure sustainable operations for hotels. The study was concerned with the late adoption of QMSs in the hotel industry due to several internal and external factors. This study is an extract from a Ph.D. project, which objects to investigate external and internal factors affecting QMS adoption in the hotel industry. To attain the objectives, interviews were conducted with hotel managers and key stakeholders while focus groups were conducted with hotel staff to outline the factors affecting the adoption of QMSs and to get general enablers for adopting these systems. Directed content analysis an...
Purpose: The main objective of this article was to provide evidence concerning the level of Quali... more Purpose: The main objective of this article was to provide evidence concerning the level of Quality Management (QM) in Zimbabwe. Submitted evidence regarding QM in Zimbabwe will help organizations that want to implement QM systems. The results can guide government agents in making informed decisions towards QM systems implementation since very few organizations are officially quality certified. Research Methodology: The survey followed online search query on quality management in zimbabwe from journal articles, proceedings and institutional repository. 51 publications were selected and excel file was used to capture data and analyse. Results: The results expose that there was high interest in QM in 2014, 2015 and 2016. The results showed industries lack of capacity and resources, lack of skills and expertise, poor communication with stakeholders, poor raw materials, changing customer preferences, lack of top management commitment and costs of QM systems as key barriers to QM impleme...
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Papers by judy Mwenje