Papers by Naruepon Sukumasavin
Warasan Kan Pramong, 1998
Molecular Ecology Notes, Jun 1, 2006
ABSTRACT Abstract Microsatellite DNA markers for a critically endangered Mekong giant catfish (Pa... more ABSTRACT Abstract Microsatellite DNA markers for a critically endangered Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas Roberts and Vidthayanon, 1991) were developed from fin clips collected from captive fish using (GT)15 probe. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to four. The expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.13 to 0.68. Also, these primers were successfully amplified in four closely related species, Pangasius bocourti, Pangasius conchophilus, Pangasius larnaudii and Pangasius sanitwongsei with the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 13, 1 to 16, 1 to 12 and 1 to 4, respectively. These markers should prove to be very useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity for this species and other related Pangasius species.
Warasan Kan Pramong, 1993
Warasan Kan Pramong, 1992
Warasan Kan Pramong, 1993
Warasan Kan Pramong, 1994
… mechanisms for the …, 2005
This case study on aquaculture in the Mekong basin discusses the relative profitability of alien ... more This case study on aquaculture in the Mekong basin discusses the relative profitability of alien versus indigenous species in small-scale aquaculture. It was found that some indigenous species are already economically viable despite the lack of progress in ...
The report presents a summary review biology and ecology of these species and provides data on th... more The report presents a summary review biology and ecology of these species and provides data on their habitats, migration, reproductive biology and life cycles and the results of experiments on artificial breeding.
Development of a conservation strategy for the critically endangered Mekong giant catfish
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2004
Induced fish breeding has been practised in Thailand since 1933, when the Thai Department of Fish... more Induced fish breeding has been practised in Thailand since 1933, when the Thai Department of Fisheries successfully induced natural breeding in the common carp. In 1958, the technique of using pituitary hormones to induce spawning in fish was introduced to Thailand. This technique has been used effectively to induce spawning in several fish species: i.e., striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Boonbrahm, 1959), walking catfish, Clarias macrocephalus (Tongsanga, 1961) and tawes, Barbodes gonionotus (Sidthiimunka, 1962). Recently, the technique of using gonadotropin releasing hormone analogues (GnRHAs), and a dopamine antagonist such as domperidone has been developed for fish species indigenous to Thailand (Sukumasavin and Leelapatra, 1988). This has proven to be very effective. Now, more than 20 species, which could not be effectively induced by pituitary gland extract, have been successfully induced to spawn using the GnRHA and domperidone approach.
In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the... more In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission.
Kasetsart Journal. Natural Sciences, 2000
The potency of three dopamine antagonists (DA) i.e., domperidone (DOM), sulpiride (SUL), and meto... more The potency of three dopamine antagonists (DA) i.e., domperidone (DOM), sulpiride (SUL), and metoclopramide (MET) on spawning induction in Thai carp was compared. Sexually mature female Thai carp were injected with DOM, SUL or MET at concentrations of 5, 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg alone or in combination with the LHRH analog Buserelin (BUS) at 5 or 20 µg/kg and were allowed to spawn naturally. The results of the study showed that the three DA had the same potency when used alone. When used in combination with BUS at either low or high dosage, the order of potency of the three DA was 5 mg/kg DOM = 20 mg/kg MET = 40 mg/kg SUL. It was concluded that DOM had the highest potency on the spawning induction of the Thai carp. However, it was recommended to use 20 mg/kg MET in combination with 5 µg/kg BUS to induce spawning of mature female Thai carp, when both potency and cost were considered.
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Papers by Naruepon Sukumasavin
The Mekong River Basin is one of the most biologically diverse inland water systems in the world, and is the home of some 1,200 fish species. The seven-line barb is one of the most important indigenous fish of the Mekong Basin and is considered as a flagship species in the content of conservation. It has been classified as endangered on the IUCN Redlist since 1996. In Thailand, the fish is found in Mae Klong River in the central part and in the Mekong River in the northeastern part of the country. However, natural populations have been extirpated from the Mae Klong River and can be expected to disappear as more impoundments are constructed in the Mekong. At present, it is not known whether the fish that occur in various parts of the Mekong River are genetically the same or not. Therefore, it is urgently important to develop the breeding technique and examine the genetic diversity of seven-line barb in order to develop a management plan to improve the situation of the species.
Studies on induced spawning of the Thai carp, Barbonymous gonionotus, indicated that the gonadotropin (GtH) secretion and spawning induction in tropical cyprinids is regulated by a dual control of gonadotropin releasing hormone and dopamine. The use of Gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (GnRHA) in combination with a dopamine antagonist such as domperidone (DOM) has proven to be very effective in spawning induction in the Thai carp. This technique was used to develop breeding technique in seven-line barb. The result showed that using Buserelin (BUS), a mammalian GnRHA, in combination with DOM alone was not as effective as using pituitary gland (PG) or using two injections of BUS+DOM and PG. Additional of gonadoplex (GDP), a mammalian GtH, could not increase the effectiveness if PG was sufficiently given. The most effective method for induced ovulation of the seven-line barb was to use two injections of 10 µg/kg BUS+10 mg/kg DOM for the first injection and 6 hrs after, 1.5-2.5 dosages of PG. Furthermore, multiple injections of the mature female with 500 IU/kg hCG to increase its oocyte diameter to >1.7 mm follow by two injections of BUS in combination with DOM was found to be the most potent technique for inducing spawning of captive seven-line barb.
Microsatellite DNA markers for seven-line barb were developed from the wild caught samples using (GT)15 probe. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 7 to 16. The expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.47 to 0.91. Also, these primers were successfully amplified in the two closely related species, P. labeamajor and P. labeaminor. These markers have proven to be very useful for the population genetic structure study in this species and other related cyprinids.
Genetic diversity of seven-line barb was investigated using 6 msDNA markers and sequencing analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA). Both msDNA and mtDNA showed concordant results in demonstrating similar genetic diversities and population structuring of seven-line barb. Furthermore, genetic diversity of seven-line barb was quite high compared with other endangered fish species reported to date. Population sub-structuring of seven-line barb was also observed which was no evidence for isolation by distance and no apparent physical barriers. The results suggested that the number of populations of seven-line barb may be determined by the number of geographic setting within which their life cycle can be completed. For management point of view, it is proposed that all populations should be directed toward preserving the genetic integrity of each group.
Genetic diversity within and between hatchery populations of seven-line barb was compared with those of wild populations using 5 microsatellite DNA markers (msDNA) and sequencing analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA). Both msDNA and mtDNA markers showed comparable results in demonstrating similar genetic diversities of seven-line barb. Marked reductions of genetic variability in the hatchery populations compared with the wild populations were observed in term of both msDNA number of alleles and mtDNA haplotypes. FST and ST also suggested that the magnitude of the genetics divergence within and among wild and hatchery populations of seven-line barb was significant. The lower genetic variability observed in the hatchery populations may cause by bottleneck effect due to the limited number of effective parents when each population was founded. Enhancing genetic variability and eliminating the accumulated effect of inbreeding of hatchery populations by means of increasing effective population size, preventing inbreeding and using selective breeding based on the principle of minimal kinship broodstock management is recommended to minimize genetic impacts of restocking program.
The effectiveness of the minimal kinship (MK) selective breeding and random breeding on preservation of genetic diversity of the hatchery populations of seven-line barb was compared. The results indicated that the minimal kinship, calculated by Psa values (MKp) based on 5 msDNA markers yielded a better result in retaining the loss of HE and AE than the random selection. For HE, the differences of both approaches were prominent when the number of parent used in each generation was more than 10 pairs. Further, the loss of HE significantly decreased when the number of parent increased (Kruskal Wallis test, p<0.05). The MKp approach could increase about 6.4% of HE within 30 generations when at least 100 parents were used and 500 offspring were kept in each generation. On the other hand, the MKp selective breeding showed a better result in retaining the loss of AE only when the number of parent was at 100 pairs. MKp selective breeding approach could conserve about 80% of AE for 30 generations when at least 500 offspring was kept (O=500) and 100 parents (P=100) were used as breeders in each generation. Furthermore, if the number of parent was set at 100 individuals, inbreeding will not occur in the MKp selective breeding approach. For preserving genetic diversity of seven-line barb, it is recommended to use minimal kinship selective breeding approach which uses 100 parents and keep 500 offspring in each generation.
From the results, the conclusion and recommendation on broodstock management of seven-line barb are as follow:
1. Because the seven-line barb in the Mekong River exhibits the genetics divergence according to their spawning grounds, each population could be considered as “Management Units”. All population should be directed towards preserving the genetic integrity of each group.
2. Since the genetic diversity of hatchery populations was different from the wild population, it should not be used for restocking. Captive broodstock used for restocking program should be founded by collecting fish from the wild populations, and the offspring should be released back into natural habitat from which the founders were derived. However, these broodstock could still be used for seed fish production of genetically improved by selective breeding on important traits being important for efficiency on growing, survival, and palatability for aquaculture purpose.
3. Breeding of the seven-line barb should be done by using minimal kinship selective breeding approach in order to retain genetic diversity of the captive stock.
4. Induced spawning of seven-line barb should be done using multiple injections with hCG to increase the oocyte diameter to > 1.7 mm follow by 2 injections of BUS and DOM. Genetic variability of seed fish should be examined before restocking and/or aquaculture used.
5. Genetic diversity of both wild and hatchery populations should be monitored regularly in order to assess the success of its management plan.