Papers by Natalia Ziccardi
International Spectator, 2021
Covid-19 arrived in Latin America in a context of ideological polarisation among national governm... more Covid-19 arrived in Latin America in a context of ideological polarisation among national governments and internal socio-political turmoil, which bode badly for its numerous and overlapping regional groupings. However, in a manner suggested by functionalist theories, some of them have “found refuge” in technical/expert cooperation and side-stepped political paralysis with different degrees of success. With institutions and previous experience in health issues, CARICOM and SICA had a significant role in the management of the pandemic, while CELAC revived by promoting technical cooperation. In contrast, MERCOSUR failed to overcome the political rift among its members, so technical cooperation occurred, yet remained limited.
International Spectator, 2021
Covid-19 arrived in Latin America in a context of ideological polarisation among national governm... more Covid-19 arrived in Latin America in a context of ideological polarisation among national governments and internal socio-political turmoil, which bode badly for its numerous and overlapping regional groupings. However, in a manner suggested by functionalist theories, some of them have “found refuge” in technical/expert cooperation and side-stepped political paralysis with different degrees of success. With institutions and previous experience in health issues, CARICOM and SICA had a significant role in the management of the pandemic, while CELAC revived by promoting technical cooperation. In contrast, MERCOSUR failed to overcome the political rift among its members, so technical cooperation occurred, yet remained limited.
Foreign affairs: Latinoamérica, 2020
The Inter-American Human Rights System, 2018
Conciliation proceedings are a frequent means of resolving disputes between opposing parties, be ... more Conciliation proceedings are a frequent means of resolving disputes between opposing parties, be they states or private actors, in the international system (Merrills 2010). Whether for disagreements over trade, or for financial or territorial issues, conciliation is considered a useful mechanism for at least two reasons: firstly, the time and costs involved tend to be lower than those associated with arbitration or litigation proceedings in
Este trabajo estudia el proceso de socializacion del discurso y las normas de derechos humanos en... more Este trabajo estudia el proceso de socializacion del discurso y las normas de derechos humanos en Mexico durante el periodo 1968-1992; es decir, desde la represion al movimiento estudiantil y sus consecuencias, hasta la consagracion constitucional de la figura del ombudsman nacional o defensor del pueblo e instituciones analogas en todos los estados de la Republica. Se adopta un enfoque constructivista y una serie de herramientas teoricas desarrolladas dentro de la disciplina de Relaciones Inte rnacionales para responder a dos preguntas centrales: ?Que condiciones hicieron posible la socializacion de los derechos humanos en Mexico?; b) ?Cuales fueron los mecanismos causales y constitutivos a traves de los cuales se registro este proceso? Se argumenta que la incorporacion del paradigma de los derechos humanos en Mexico fue el resultado de un proceso de socializacion normativa encabezado principalmente por las organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) de derechos humanos nacionales e ...
Journal of International Relations, 2018
Mexico has a long-standing multilateral tradition. It has been a member of the Organization of Am... more Mexico has a long-standing multilateral tradition. It has been a member of the Organization of American States (OAS) since its inception and has increased its involvement steadily which gained momentum during the last decade of the 20th century and that has persisted ever since. This policy paper briefly reviews the historical participation of Mexico in the OAS, as well as some of the country’s most recent contributions to the Organization, in the context of its 47th General Assembly. Finally, the paper highlights three traits of the OAS that make it particularly relevant for Mexico’s multilateral diplomacy and for the region as a whole.
Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes constituting ... more Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes constituting a large proportion of peripheral blood T cells expressing αβ T-cell receptor in humans. In this study, we aimed to investigate their involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Peripheral blood MAIT cells from patients with SLE were assessed for their frequency, activation markers, and cell death by flow cytometry. The correlation between plasma cytokine levels and CD69 expression on MAIT cells was analyzed. The major histocompatibility complex class I-related protein MR1-restricted antigen-presenting capacity of antigen-presenting cells was investigated. Cytokine-mediated activation of MAIT cells in the absence of exogenous antigens was also examined. Results: The frequency of MAIT cells was markedly reduced in SLE. The reduced number of MAIT cells was not attributable to the downregulation of surface markers, but it was partially due to the enhanced cell death of MAIT cells, possibly by activation-induced cell death. The CD69 expression levels on MAIT cells in SLE correlated with disease activity. Moreover, monocytes from patients with SLE exhibited increased ability to induce MAIT cell activation. The plasma concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and interferon (IFN)-α positively correlated with the expression levels of CD69 on MAIT cells in SLE. MAIT cells were activated by cytokines, including IFN-α, IL-15, and IL-12 plus IL-18, in the absence of exogenous antigens. Conclusions: These results suggest that MAIT cells reflect the pathological condition of SLE and that their activated status correlates with presence of disease.
Foreign Affairs Latinoamerica, 2009
En 2008, se cumplieron 40 anos de los movimientos estudiantiles que sacudieron al mundo occidenta... more En 2008, se cumplieron 40 anos de los movimientos estudiantiles que sacudieron al mundo occidental y que dejaron en muchos paises una huella duradera en terminos politicos y culturales. En este articulo, se retoma el legado de 1968 en Mexico a partir de una faceta poco conocida: sus consecuencias directas e indirectas sobre la formacion de un movimiento por los derechos humanos en el pais
Lua Nova: Revista de Cultura e Política, 2013
O artigo identifica quais são os determinantes da atuação do México na OEA e explica sua evolução... more O artigo identifica quais são os determinantes da atuação do México na OEA e explica sua evolução histórica entre 1948 e 2012. Argumenta-se que o teor geral da relação do Estado mexicano com a organização hemisférica em diferentes períodos históricos fixou-se em função de: (a) a estratégia mais geral de relacionamento com os Estados Unidos; e (b) a maior ou menor coincidência mexicana com o conceito e a arquitetura de segurança que predominaram na organização em diferentes etapas. Demonstra-se que, no transcurso dos 65 anos desde sua fundação, o México transitou entre ver a OEA como um foro para conter os Estados Unidos e percebê-la como um espaço para melhorar a coordenação interestatal com aquele país na solução de problemas comuns.
Los desafíos del multilateralismo en América Latina
Durante los últimos años ha habido una verdadera explosión en la actividad multilateral latinoame... more Durante los últimos años ha habido una verdadera explosión en la actividad multilateral latinoamericana, tal como lo evidencia la plétora
Foreign Affairs Latinoamerica, 2013
Foreign Affairs Latinoamerica, 2013
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Papers by Natalia Ziccardi