Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and communit... more Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and community activity in these waters remains high for tourism, fishing and sea transportation activities. All of these activities have the potential to suppress the condition of the coral reefs there. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of zoning in terms of social and ecological indicators. This research was conducted using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for coral reef fish and the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover at a depth of 5-7 m. The set critical threshold value is used to evaluate the success of the zoning taken by interviewing fishermen. The results of the study found that the core zone had unfavorable conditions compared to the other zones. Based on an analysis of ecological indicators, the percentage of coral cover was only 20.9% and an abundance of reef fish of 28 ind/m2. The results of the social analysis of the community, Waisilip ...
Penyakit pita hitam (BBD) adalah penyakit persisten merupakan salah satu penyebab kerusakan pada ... more Penyakit pita hitam (BBD) adalah penyakit persisten merupakan salah satu penyebab kerusakan pada ekosistem terumbu karang yang saat ini masih sedikit terdata di perairan Indonesia termasuk di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan infeksi, insidence dan prevalensi BBD pada karang Montipora spp perairan dangkal di Gugusan Pulau Pari. Estimasi persentase penutupan karang dilakukan dengan teknik transek garis Line Intercept Transect (LIT), sementara prevalensi dan insidensi BBD dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek sabuk 1 m ke kiri dan ke kanan dengan ukuran panjang 20 m dan 3 ulangan, data diambil kurang lebih selama 2 bulan sekali. Perkembangan BBD didokumentasikan setiap hari dengan metode potografi digital selama 2 minggu. BBD ditemukan tersebar di daerah pengamatan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi memiliki hubungan eksponensial yang positif dengan suhu. Selama pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi meningkat pada bulan Mei yang merupakan musim peralihan antara musim hujan dan musim panas. Prevalensi tertinggi dijumpai dengan nilai 5, 96 persen dan progres penyakit maksimum adalah 0, 46 cm.hari-1 , pada kondisi ini BBD berpotensi menyebabkan kematian karang.
Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Biota bentik pemakan karang (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. dan Coralliophila sp.) merupakan pr... more Biota bentik pemakan karang (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. dan Coralliophila sp.) merupakan predator karang yang dapat memangsa karang. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang, kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang dan bagaimana korelasi kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang terhadap kesehatan terumbu karang. Riset ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei-April 2021 menggunakan metode UPT (Underwater Photo Transect) untuk pengamatan terumbu karang dan metode Belt Transect untuk pengamatan kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang. Parameter kualitas perairan yang diukur meliputi salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, nitrat dan fosfat. Tutupan terumbu karang hidup di Perairan Pulau Sabu Raijua berkisar antara 16%-58,72% dengan rata-rata 35,90% yang termasuk kedalam kategori "buruk-baik". Kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang masih dalam batas normal yaitu Drupella sp. 0-0,23 ind/m 2 dan Coralliophila sp. 0-0,07 ind/m 2. Hasil analisis regresi linear menunjukan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kelimpahan biota bentik
The western area of Lombok Island is a tourist area that has rich underwater biodiversity in cora... more The western area of Lombok Island is a tourist area that has rich underwater biodiversity in coral reefs ecosystem because of the flow path of Indonesia Trough Flow which carries nutrients continuously through the Lombok Strait. Damage that occurs around the Western area of Lombok Island is caused by climate change and community waste disposal activities that cause coral bleaching. An increase of 1.23°C Sea Surface Temperature occurred in Sekotong on February 2016 and leads to the coral bleaching event on the area. The research was conducted by using the underwater photo transect method and the photos processed by CPCe program shows mass coral bleaching impacted coral condition in West Lombok. Live coral cover was decreased 2.74% comparing with last live coral cover. Total colonies were impacted by coral bleaching 40.04% in Gili Tangkong and 43.63% in Gili Asahan. This Study shows that each species survives and be able to be broodstock for the next life of corals in these areas.
The The waters of Raja Ampat have a healthy coral reef ecosystem and a wide variety of species so... more The The waters of Raja Ampat have a healthy coral reef ecosystem and a wide variety of species so it has a high abundance of coral reef fish. One of the indicators of fertility level in water is chlorophyll-a and its high and low are influenced by sea surface temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature using satellite imagery data on the community structure of reef fish in the waters of SAP Raja Ampat. The coral reef fish data collection method used UVC (Underwater Visual Census) while the chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature used spatial analysis. The results showed that the reef fish diversity index value was 4,1-4,6 in the high category, uniformity 0,88-0,96 in the high category, dominance 0,014-0,026 in the low category, for abundance 244.340 ind/ha-403.520 ind/ha and biomass 131,45 kg/ha-204 kg/ha. The chlorophyll-a content obtained was 0,366 mg/m3-0,511 mg/m3 and the sea surface temperature obtained was 30,717°C-31,899°C. The results of the relationship of reef fish community structure with chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature do not have a significant correlation.
Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and communit... more Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and community activity in these waters remains high for tourism, fishing and sea transportation activities. All of these activities have the potential to suppress the condition of the coral reefs there. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of zoning in terms of social and ecological indicators. This research was conducted using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for coral reef fish and the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover at a depth of 5-7 m. The set critical threshold value is used to evaluate the success of the zoning taken by interviewing fishermen. The results of the study found that the core zone had unfavorable conditions compared to the other zones. Based on an analysis of ecological indicators, the percentage of coral cover was only 20.9% and an abundance of reef fish of 28 ind/m2. The results of the social analysis of the community, Waisilip Village has the lowest level of compliance with a value of 56%. Meanwhile, 77% of respondents agree with zoning, and only 19% understand the zoning management system. The management of SAP Raja Ampat can be said to be effective by taking into the ecological and social indicators of the community. Increase in the percentage of coral cover in the core zone (0.2%), utilization zone (3.9%), sustainable fisheries zone (0.8%) and cultivation zone (5.7%). Most fishermen have good insight and concern for coral reefs and other aquatic resources.
The extent of coral reefs, coral biodiversity, and associated biota are known as high mega biodiv... more The extent of coral reefs, coral biodiversity, and associated biota are known as high mega biodiversity in Indonesian waters, in other words, The Coral Triangle. Threats of coral damage have also been widely reported, including deaths due to natural factors. Coral disease is a natural factor that is not widely known for its existence around Indonesian waters. This study was conducted to obtain the abundance of coral disease by using a belt transect method of 20 m long with a width of 50 cm to the left and right of the transect line, then carried out three replications at ten observation stations in Dampier waters, Raja Ampat. The study obtained data on the abundance of coral diseases that infect eight coral genera ranging from 0-23 col/60 m2, the highest station at station 8 (23 col/60 m2). There were six types of coral disease found in the Dampier Strait MPA, including WS, BrBD, FB, AtN, Bleaching, and Tumor. The highest abundance was found in WS disease (65 col/60m2). Coral health confounding factors were found in 336 colonies with abundance at different stations ranging from 14 – 97 col/60 m2. The highest abundance was found at station 5 (97 col/60 m2), a high stressor due to being located at sub-zona Sasi and traditional use. The existence of the disease is not classified as an outbreak. However, it is necessary to be careful if there is an increase in the number of new infection cases in the exact location or other places in Indonesia.
Coral reefs are distributed widely around Indonesia waters which has various functions as fisheri... more Coral reefs are distributed widely around Indonesia waters which has various functions as fisheries sources and tourism benefits. Coral reefs are very vulnerable to various threats, such as ship grounding in several areas in Indonesia. The measurement of damage width of coral reefs used the irregular polygon method. In contrast, the impact and the level of damage were measured using the underwater photo transect (UPT) method. The grounding of the ship has caused massive damage to coral reefs with a width area of 46.89 m2. Types of damage include physical and biological damages that make the coral split, break, and shift. The ship grounding caused the coral colonies to be uprooted and blown from the substrate, destroying coral skeletons, lifting, and sediment displacement. Coral condition at the control area was 35.13% (bad condition), whereas condition on the damaged area as the impact of ship grounding was 14% in trajectory zone. The total width to be claimed was 11.92 m2. The degradation of coral reefs can affect and reduce the functions and benefits of ecosystems both ecologically and economically. The shipowner has to do the rehabilitation and compensation of the damaged area.
Perairan rawa gambut menyimpan potensi ikan hias yang unik dengan keragaman jenis yang berbeda di... more Perairan rawa gambut menyimpan potensi ikan hias yang unik dengan keragaman jenis yang berbeda dibanding ikan yang hidup di perairan air tawar lainnya. Karena terbiasa hidup pada kondisi fisik kimia air yang tidak biasa, menyebabkan banyak jenis ikan hias dari perairan rawa gambut belum dapat dipijahkan dan masih mengandalkan penangkapan dari alam. Di sisi lain, kelestarian beberapa jenis ikan hias rawa gambut menjadi terancam karena banyak yang dikonversi seperti Kesatuan Hidrologis Gambut (KHG) Sungai Mempawah-Sungai Duri di Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ikan hias dan karakteristik habitat di KHG Sungai Mempawah-Sungai Duri, Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat. Informasi yang didapat akan menjadi dasar untuk melakukan rekayasa lingkungan dalam adaptasi dan domestikasi ikan dari perairan lahan gambut. Penelitian dilakukan pada saluran irigasi buatan yang terdapat di lahan perkebunan sawit di daerah Sebukit dan Sawit. Penangkapa...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a high biodiversity of coral reefs but is very vulnerabl... more Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a high biodiversity of coral reefs but is very vulnerable to various threats, one of the causes of damage to coral reefs is by ship aground. The damage causes minor injuries to the degradation of the reef structure. The location of the grounding sometimes on the small islands with calm currents, but sometimes in straits with strong currents. However, the assessment must be carried out, so it is necessary to develop an approach to assessing that. The purpose of this study is to assess the damage of coral reefs, to quantify the extent of damage, and identify species of corals affected. The observation used ground truth (underwater photo transect), aerial photography, machine learning, and species distribution modeling. The results obtained from aerial photography show that the MV Pazifik has damage to coral reefs reaching 613.63 m2. Based on the coral genera distribution model, it was found 35–55 genera (control location), while at the ship agr...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
The historic shipwreck sites are a part of the Maritime Archaeological Resources. They are curren... more The historic shipwreck sites are a part of the Maritime Archaeological Resources. They are currently occupying an important position as one of the non-conventional marine resources with blue economy potential in it. Sites are usually found in the conditions that have been integrated with the marine ecosystem in their environment. Some have even been completely covered with coral reefs, so that this uniqueness becomes the added value of the site for a tourist attraction. The research was carried out in Thousand Islands waters, which having kept many records of the maritime history of the Nusantara Archipelago for centuries and in their current development, the Jakarta∧s Thousand Islands are included as one of the Marine Tourism Village areas (Desa Wisata Bahari/Dewi Bahari). The purpose of this research is to determine the value of the shipwreck sites potency which are suitable for marine ecotourism development area in Thousand Islands waters and for obtaining the sustainable managem...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
Coral die-offs can be caused by several factors, one of which is the infectious coral disease. Cu... more Coral die-offs can be caused by several factors, one of which is the infectious coral disease. Currently, limited data and information are available regarding coral diseases abundance and distribution in Indonesia including Sabu Raijua waters, East Nusa Tenggara. This research aimed to investigate the types and abundance of coral disease and determine the compromise health condition on 12 sites in Sabu-Raijua waters on Sawu Marine National Park. The research showed coral conditions varied from bad to poor. There were eight coral disease types, the highest abundance found atromentous necrosis (0.12 col/m2) in station 11 (Menia 1), and nine compromise health with the highest number of CH types was found at station 12 with its abundance from 0.02 to 0.33 col/m2. The disease abundance were classified as low on the sites, no evidence due to environmental factors. However, a regular survey has to be carried out in the area to monitor the progress and incidence of the coral diseases and me...
The 2015-2016 El-Niño and related ocean warming has generated significant coral bleaching and mor... more The 2015-2016 El-Niño and related ocean warming has generated significant coral bleaching and mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, first signs of bleaching were reported in April 2016. However, this El Niño has impacted Indonesian coral reefs since 2015 through a different process than temperature-induced bleaching. In September 2015, altimetry data shows that sea level was at its lowest in the past 12 years, affecting corals living in the bathymetric range exposed to unusual emersion. In March 2016, Bunaken Island (North Sulawesi) displayed up to 85% mortality on reef flats dominated by Porites, Heliopora and Goniastrea corals with differential mortality rates by coral genus. Almost all reef flats showed evidence of mortality, representing 30% of Bunaken reefs. For reef flat communities which were living at a depth close to the pre-El Niño mean low sea level, the fall induced substantial mortality likely by higher daily aerial exposure a least during low tide periods. Altimetry data was used to map sea level fall throughout Indonesia, suggesting that similar mortality could be widespread for shallow reef flat communities, which accounts for a vast percent of the total extent of coral reefs in Indonesia. The altimetry historical records also suggest that such event was not unique in the past two decades, therefore rapid sea level fall could be more important in the dynamics and resilience of Indonesian reef flat communities than previously thought. The clear link between mortality and sea level fall also calls for a refinement of the hierarchy of El Niño impacts and their consequences on coral reefs.
Karang hias dan ikan hias laut menjadi perhatian dunia dengan terindikasinya peningkatan ekspor k... more Karang hias dan ikan hias laut menjadi perhatian dunia dengan terindikasinya peningkatan ekspor ke luar negeri dan menjadi sumber pendapatan negara yang menjanjikan. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17-18 November 2015 di Pulau Ketapang, Kabupaten Belitung Timur dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui potensi karang hias dan ikan hias untuk pengembangan budidaya di masa akan datang. Penelitian menggunakan metode foto quatrat berukuran 50 cm x 50 cm, belt transek berukuran panjang 2 mx 20 m dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian berhasil mendapatkan sebanyak 10 genus karang pertumbuhan cepat, 15 genus karang pertumbuhan sedang dan tujuh genus karang pertumbuhan lambat. Karang polip besar seperti Cynarina lacrymalis , Catalaphyllia jardinei , dan Trachyphyllia geoffroyi belum ditemukan di perairan Belitung Timur pada survei ini dan tahun 2014 sebelumnya. Jumlah populasi ikan tergolong sedikit, ditemukan 10 famili dari total populasi 45 individu di Ketapang 1 dan 68 individu di Ketapa...
Karang hias sangat potensial dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi . Keberadaan sebagian karang hias di al... more Karang hias sangat potensial dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi . Keberadaan sebagian karang hias di alam dikuatirkan akan habis apabila aktivitas perdagangan terus meningkat dan tidak di temukan solusi pemecahannya. Stok karang hias yang berasal dari hasil budi akan dapat menggurangi pengambilan dari alam, manajemen terbaik untuk menjaga :,:tstnable r/se sumber daya karang hias ini sangat diperlukan sehingga dapat menjaga sustainable use sumber daya karang karang hias ini sangat diperlukan sehingga dapat menjaga biodiversitas karang di masa depan.
Coral propagation has been done since 1999 in Indonesia. Experimental propagation was firstly und... more Coral propagation has been done since 1999 in Indonesia. Experimental propagation was firstly undertaken by student as part of research toward a thesis, then quickly developed by regional goverment and other research institution in Indonesia. Propagation experiments which have already widely need to be examined in regard to the developmental impact on coral reef ecosystems. This research was done through field observation on several areas in the Kepulauan Seribu. Simple reseach methods were used in comparation with previous use methodes with the aim of developing a simple, yet efficient technique for coral propagation. Most current propagation methods cannot yat be recommended for effective large scalae coral rehabilitation over large areas of damaged coral in Indonesia as they have high material and field operation cost. A suitable propagation method must take into account specific conditions of the area to be rehabilitated, including substrate type, to ensure that propagation of c...
Gonggong, Sfrornbus canaium adalah jenis siput laut yang telah lama dikenal masyarakat Kepulauan ... more Gonggong, Sfrornbus canaium adalah jenis siput laut yang telah lama dikenal masyarakat Kepulauan Riau, merupakan sumber pangan yang dipasarkan sebagai hidangan laut yang banyak dijumpai di beberapa restoran di pulau Batam rnaupun Tanjung Pinang. Tujuan penelitian ini adaiah untuk melihat keragaan dan upaya budidaya gonggong di Kepulauan Riau. Pengumpulan data berasal dari hasil wawancara dan pengumpulan sampel.di lapangan yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2007 serta laporan/publikasi yang ada. Hasil yang diperoleh siput gongong memiliki kandungan kadar.air 85,92.%, protein 9,34 %, lemak 0,67% abu 2,03%, serat kasar 0.43 % dan karbohidrat 1,16 %, dengan ukuran panjang cangkang yang umum dipasaran berkisar antara 4,1-6,3 cm. Sampai saat iri jiprl0""j6";;masih banyak atau mudah dijumpaipada perairan dipulau Bintan oan seiitariv"Ii"ni"n di beberipJ 1"..P_rl,seperti Tangerang, Teiuk Jakarta dan Kepulauan Seribu' tiewinini sudah sulit didapafl<an. K...
Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and communit... more Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and community activity in these waters remains high for tourism, fishing and sea transportation activities. All of these activities have the potential to suppress the condition of the coral reefs there. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of zoning in terms of social and ecological indicators. This research was conducted using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for coral reef fish and the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover at a depth of 5-7 m. The set critical threshold value is used to evaluate the success of the zoning taken by interviewing fishermen. The results of the study found that the core zone had unfavorable conditions compared to the other zones. Based on an analysis of ecological indicators, the percentage of coral cover was only 20.9% and an abundance of reef fish of 28 ind/m2. The results of the social analysis of the community, Waisilip ...
Penyakit pita hitam (BBD) adalah penyakit persisten merupakan salah satu penyebab kerusakan pada ... more Penyakit pita hitam (BBD) adalah penyakit persisten merupakan salah satu penyebab kerusakan pada ekosistem terumbu karang yang saat ini masih sedikit terdata di perairan Indonesia termasuk di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan infeksi, insidence dan prevalensi BBD pada karang Montipora spp perairan dangkal di Gugusan Pulau Pari. Estimasi persentase penutupan karang dilakukan dengan teknik transek garis Line Intercept Transect (LIT), sementara prevalensi dan insidensi BBD dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek sabuk 1 m ke kiri dan ke kanan dengan ukuran panjang 20 m dan 3 ulangan, data diambil kurang lebih selama 2 bulan sekali. Perkembangan BBD didokumentasikan setiap hari dengan metode potografi digital selama 2 minggu. BBD ditemukan tersebar di daerah pengamatan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi memiliki hubungan eksponensial yang positif dengan suhu. Selama pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi meningkat pada bulan Mei yang merupakan musim peralihan antara musim hujan dan musim panas. Prevalensi tertinggi dijumpai dengan nilai 5, 96 persen dan progres penyakit maksimum adalah 0, 46 cm.hari-1 , pada kondisi ini BBD berpotensi menyebabkan kematian karang.
Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Biota bentik pemakan karang (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. dan Coralliophila sp.) merupakan pr... more Biota bentik pemakan karang (Acanthaster planci, Drupella sp. dan Coralliophila sp.) merupakan predator karang yang dapat memangsa karang. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang, kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang dan bagaimana korelasi kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang terhadap kesehatan terumbu karang. Riset ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei-April 2021 menggunakan metode UPT (Underwater Photo Transect) untuk pengamatan terumbu karang dan metode Belt Transect untuk pengamatan kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang. Parameter kualitas perairan yang diukur meliputi salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, nitrat dan fosfat. Tutupan terumbu karang hidup di Perairan Pulau Sabu Raijua berkisar antara 16%-58,72% dengan rata-rata 35,90% yang termasuk kedalam kategori "buruk-baik". Kelimpahan biota bentik pemakan karang masih dalam batas normal yaitu Drupella sp. 0-0,23 ind/m 2 dan Coralliophila sp. 0-0,07 ind/m 2. Hasil analisis regresi linear menunjukan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kelimpahan biota bentik
The western area of Lombok Island is a tourist area that has rich underwater biodiversity in cora... more The western area of Lombok Island is a tourist area that has rich underwater biodiversity in coral reefs ecosystem because of the flow path of Indonesia Trough Flow which carries nutrients continuously through the Lombok Strait. Damage that occurs around the Western area of Lombok Island is caused by climate change and community waste disposal activities that cause coral bleaching. An increase of 1.23°C Sea Surface Temperature occurred in Sekotong on February 2016 and leads to the coral bleaching event on the area. The research was conducted by using the underwater photo transect method and the photos processed by CPCe program shows mass coral bleaching impacted coral condition in West Lombok. Live coral cover was decreased 2.74% comparing with last live coral cover. Total colonies were impacted by coral bleaching 40.04% in Gili Tangkong and 43.63% in Gili Asahan. This Study shows that each species survives and be able to be broodstock for the next life of corals in these areas.
The The waters of Raja Ampat have a healthy coral reef ecosystem and a wide variety of species so... more The The waters of Raja Ampat have a healthy coral reef ecosystem and a wide variety of species so it has a high abundance of coral reef fish. One of the indicators of fertility level in water is chlorophyll-a and its high and low are influenced by sea surface temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature using satellite imagery data on the community structure of reef fish in the waters of SAP Raja Ampat. The coral reef fish data collection method used UVC (Underwater Visual Census) while the chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature used spatial analysis. The results showed that the reef fish diversity index value was 4,1-4,6 in the high category, uniformity 0,88-0,96 in the high category, dominance 0,014-0,026 in the low category, for abundance 244.340 ind/ha-403.520 ind/ha and biomass 131,45 kg/ha-204 kg/ha. The chlorophyll-a content obtained was 0,366 mg/m3-0,511 mg/m3 and the sea surface temperature obtained was 30,717°C-31,899°C. The results of the relationship of reef fish community structure with chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature do not have a significant correlation.
Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and communit... more Raja Ampat Islands have been designated as a Marine Nature Reserve (SAP) since 2014, and community activity in these waters remains high for tourism, fishing and sea transportation activities. All of these activities have the potential to suppress the condition of the coral reefs there. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of zoning in terms of social and ecological indicators. This research was conducted using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method for coral reef fish and the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method for coral cover at a depth of 5-7 m. The set critical threshold value is used to evaluate the success of the zoning taken by interviewing fishermen. The results of the study found that the core zone had unfavorable conditions compared to the other zones. Based on an analysis of ecological indicators, the percentage of coral cover was only 20.9% and an abundance of reef fish of 28 ind/m2. The results of the social analysis of the community, Waisilip Village has the lowest level of compliance with a value of 56%. Meanwhile, 77% of respondents agree with zoning, and only 19% understand the zoning management system. The management of SAP Raja Ampat can be said to be effective by taking into the ecological and social indicators of the community. Increase in the percentage of coral cover in the core zone (0.2%), utilization zone (3.9%), sustainable fisheries zone (0.8%) and cultivation zone (5.7%). Most fishermen have good insight and concern for coral reefs and other aquatic resources.
The extent of coral reefs, coral biodiversity, and associated biota are known as high mega biodiv... more The extent of coral reefs, coral biodiversity, and associated biota are known as high mega biodiversity in Indonesian waters, in other words, The Coral Triangle. Threats of coral damage have also been widely reported, including deaths due to natural factors. Coral disease is a natural factor that is not widely known for its existence around Indonesian waters. This study was conducted to obtain the abundance of coral disease by using a belt transect method of 20 m long with a width of 50 cm to the left and right of the transect line, then carried out three replications at ten observation stations in Dampier waters, Raja Ampat. The study obtained data on the abundance of coral diseases that infect eight coral genera ranging from 0-23 col/60 m2, the highest station at station 8 (23 col/60 m2). There were six types of coral disease found in the Dampier Strait MPA, including WS, BrBD, FB, AtN, Bleaching, and Tumor. The highest abundance was found in WS disease (65 col/60m2). Coral health confounding factors were found in 336 colonies with abundance at different stations ranging from 14 – 97 col/60 m2. The highest abundance was found at station 5 (97 col/60 m2), a high stressor due to being located at sub-zona Sasi and traditional use. The existence of the disease is not classified as an outbreak. However, it is necessary to be careful if there is an increase in the number of new infection cases in the exact location or other places in Indonesia.
Coral reefs are distributed widely around Indonesia waters which has various functions as fisheri... more Coral reefs are distributed widely around Indonesia waters which has various functions as fisheries sources and tourism benefits. Coral reefs are very vulnerable to various threats, such as ship grounding in several areas in Indonesia. The measurement of damage width of coral reefs used the irregular polygon method. In contrast, the impact and the level of damage were measured using the underwater photo transect (UPT) method. The grounding of the ship has caused massive damage to coral reefs with a width area of 46.89 m2. Types of damage include physical and biological damages that make the coral split, break, and shift. The ship grounding caused the coral colonies to be uprooted and blown from the substrate, destroying coral skeletons, lifting, and sediment displacement. Coral condition at the control area was 35.13% (bad condition), whereas condition on the damaged area as the impact of ship grounding was 14% in trajectory zone. The total width to be claimed was 11.92 m2. The degradation of coral reefs can affect and reduce the functions and benefits of ecosystems both ecologically and economically. The shipowner has to do the rehabilitation and compensation of the damaged area.
Perairan rawa gambut menyimpan potensi ikan hias yang unik dengan keragaman jenis yang berbeda di... more Perairan rawa gambut menyimpan potensi ikan hias yang unik dengan keragaman jenis yang berbeda dibanding ikan yang hidup di perairan air tawar lainnya. Karena terbiasa hidup pada kondisi fisik kimia air yang tidak biasa, menyebabkan banyak jenis ikan hias dari perairan rawa gambut belum dapat dipijahkan dan masih mengandalkan penangkapan dari alam. Di sisi lain, kelestarian beberapa jenis ikan hias rawa gambut menjadi terancam karena banyak yang dikonversi seperti Kesatuan Hidrologis Gambut (KHG) Sungai Mempawah-Sungai Duri di Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ikan hias dan karakteristik habitat di KHG Sungai Mempawah-Sungai Duri, Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat. Informasi yang didapat akan menjadi dasar untuk melakukan rekayasa lingkungan dalam adaptasi dan domestikasi ikan dari perairan lahan gambut. Penelitian dilakukan pada saluran irigasi buatan yang terdapat di lahan perkebunan sawit di daerah Sebukit dan Sawit. Penangkapa...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a high biodiversity of coral reefs but is very vulnerabl... more Indonesia as an archipelagic country has a high biodiversity of coral reefs but is very vulnerable to various threats, one of the causes of damage to coral reefs is by ship aground. The damage causes minor injuries to the degradation of the reef structure. The location of the grounding sometimes on the small islands with calm currents, but sometimes in straits with strong currents. However, the assessment must be carried out, so it is necessary to develop an approach to assessing that. The purpose of this study is to assess the damage of coral reefs, to quantify the extent of damage, and identify species of corals affected. The observation used ground truth (underwater photo transect), aerial photography, machine learning, and species distribution modeling. The results obtained from aerial photography show that the MV Pazifik has damage to coral reefs reaching 613.63 m2. Based on the coral genera distribution model, it was found 35–55 genera (control location), while at the ship agr...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
The historic shipwreck sites are a part of the Maritime Archaeological Resources. They are curren... more The historic shipwreck sites are a part of the Maritime Archaeological Resources. They are currently occupying an important position as one of the non-conventional marine resources with blue economy potential in it. Sites are usually found in the conditions that have been integrated with the marine ecosystem in their environment. Some have even been completely covered with coral reefs, so that this uniqueness becomes the added value of the site for a tourist attraction. The research was carried out in Thousand Islands waters, which having kept many records of the maritime history of the Nusantara Archipelago for centuries and in their current development, the Jakarta∧s Thousand Islands are included as one of the Marine Tourism Village areas (Desa Wisata Bahari/Dewi Bahari). The purpose of this research is to determine the value of the shipwreck sites potency which are suitable for marine ecotourism development area in Thousand Islands waters and for obtaining the sustainable managem...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
Coral die-offs can be caused by several factors, one of which is the infectious coral disease. Cu... more Coral die-offs can be caused by several factors, one of which is the infectious coral disease. Currently, limited data and information are available regarding coral diseases abundance and distribution in Indonesia including Sabu Raijua waters, East Nusa Tenggara. This research aimed to investigate the types and abundance of coral disease and determine the compromise health condition on 12 sites in Sabu-Raijua waters on Sawu Marine National Park. The research showed coral conditions varied from bad to poor. There were eight coral disease types, the highest abundance found atromentous necrosis (0.12 col/m2) in station 11 (Menia 1), and nine compromise health with the highest number of CH types was found at station 12 with its abundance from 0.02 to 0.33 col/m2. The disease abundance were classified as low on the sites, no evidence due to environmental factors. However, a regular survey has to be carried out in the area to monitor the progress and incidence of the coral diseases and me...
The 2015-2016 El-Niño and related ocean warming has generated significant coral bleaching and mor... more The 2015-2016 El-Niño and related ocean warming has generated significant coral bleaching and mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, first signs of bleaching were reported in April 2016. However, this El Niño has impacted Indonesian coral reefs since 2015 through a different process than temperature-induced bleaching. In September 2015, altimetry data shows that sea level was at its lowest in the past 12 years, affecting corals living in the bathymetric range exposed to unusual emersion. In March 2016, Bunaken Island (North Sulawesi) displayed up to 85% mortality on reef flats dominated by Porites, Heliopora and Goniastrea corals with differential mortality rates by coral genus. Almost all reef flats showed evidence of mortality, representing 30% of Bunaken reefs. For reef flat communities which were living at a depth close to the pre-El Niño mean low sea level, the fall induced substantial mortality likely by higher daily aerial exposure a least during low tide periods. Altimetry data was used to map sea level fall throughout Indonesia, suggesting that similar mortality could be widespread for shallow reef flat communities, which accounts for a vast percent of the total extent of coral reefs in Indonesia. The altimetry historical records also suggest that such event was not unique in the past two decades, therefore rapid sea level fall could be more important in the dynamics and resilience of Indonesian reef flat communities than previously thought. The clear link between mortality and sea level fall also calls for a refinement of the hierarchy of El Niño impacts and their consequences on coral reefs.
Karang hias dan ikan hias laut menjadi perhatian dunia dengan terindikasinya peningkatan ekspor k... more Karang hias dan ikan hias laut menjadi perhatian dunia dengan terindikasinya peningkatan ekspor ke luar negeri dan menjadi sumber pendapatan negara yang menjanjikan. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17-18 November 2015 di Pulau Ketapang, Kabupaten Belitung Timur dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui potensi karang hias dan ikan hias untuk pengembangan budidaya di masa akan datang. Penelitian menggunakan metode foto quatrat berukuran 50 cm x 50 cm, belt transek berukuran panjang 2 mx 20 m dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian berhasil mendapatkan sebanyak 10 genus karang pertumbuhan cepat, 15 genus karang pertumbuhan sedang dan tujuh genus karang pertumbuhan lambat. Karang polip besar seperti Cynarina lacrymalis , Catalaphyllia jardinei , dan Trachyphyllia geoffroyi belum ditemukan di perairan Belitung Timur pada survei ini dan tahun 2014 sebelumnya. Jumlah populasi ikan tergolong sedikit, ditemukan 10 famili dari total populasi 45 individu di Ketapang 1 dan 68 individu di Ketapa...
Karang hias sangat potensial dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi . Keberadaan sebagian karang hias di al... more Karang hias sangat potensial dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi . Keberadaan sebagian karang hias di alam dikuatirkan akan habis apabila aktivitas perdagangan terus meningkat dan tidak di temukan solusi pemecahannya. Stok karang hias yang berasal dari hasil budi akan dapat menggurangi pengambilan dari alam, manajemen terbaik untuk menjaga :,:tstnable r/se sumber daya karang hias ini sangat diperlukan sehingga dapat menjaga sustainable use sumber daya karang karang hias ini sangat diperlukan sehingga dapat menjaga biodiversitas karang di masa depan.
Coral propagation has been done since 1999 in Indonesia. Experimental propagation was firstly und... more Coral propagation has been done since 1999 in Indonesia. Experimental propagation was firstly undertaken by student as part of research toward a thesis, then quickly developed by regional goverment and other research institution in Indonesia. Propagation experiments which have already widely need to be examined in regard to the developmental impact on coral reef ecosystems. This research was done through field observation on several areas in the Kepulauan Seribu. Simple reseach methods were used in comparation with previous use methodes with the aim of developing a simple, yet efficient technique for coral propagation. Most current propagation methods cannot yat be recommended for effective large scalae coral rehabilitation over large areas of damaged coral in Indonesia as they have high material and field operation cost. A suitable propagation method must take into account specific conditions of the area to be rehabilitated, including substrate type, to ensure that propagation of c...
Gonggong, Sfrornbus canaium adalah jenis siput laut yang telah lama dikenal masyarakat Kepulauan ... more Gonggong, Sfrornbus canaium adalah jenis siput laut yang telah lama dikenal masyarakat Kepulauan Riau, merupakan sumber pangan yang dipasarkan sebagai hidangan laut yang banyak dijumpai di beberapa restoran di pulau Batam rnaupun Tanjung Pinang. Tujuan penelitian ini adaiah untuk melihat keragaan dan upaya budidaya gonggong di Kepulauan Riau. Pengumpulan data berasal dari hasil wawancara dan pengumpulan sampel.di lapangan yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2007 serta laporan/publikasi yang ada. Hasil yang diperoleh siput gongong memiliki kandungan kadar.air 85,92.%, protein 9,34 %, lemak 0,67% abu 2,03%, serat kasar 0.43 % dan karbohidrat 1,16 %, dengan ukuran panjang cangkang yang umum dipasaran berkisar antara 4,1-6,3 cm. Sampai saat iri jiprl0""j6";;masih banyak atau mudah dijumpaipada perairan dipulau Bintan oan seiitariv"Ii"ni"n di beberipJ 1"..P_rl,seperti Tangerang, Teiuk Jakarta dan Kepulauan Seribu' tiewinini sudah sulit didapafl<an. K...
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