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Ramzy Yousif

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Assistant Professor Sudan University of Science & Technology, received his Ph.D. from Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. He has successfully completed the highly prestigious Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Fish Nutrition & Aquaculture (AMU) India, and also Training Fellowship in Aquaculture from AIT Bangkok, Thailand. Sine October 2019 Post-Doc fellow at ICCBS UoK, Pakistan under the scheme of World Academy of Science TWAS & UNESCO.

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Ahmed E Abouelwafa

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

Mohamed Mostafa

Cairo University

Alkhateib Gaafar

National Research Centre

Mohamed A Aly-Eldeen

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

Al-Azhar University

Agriculture Research Center, Egypt

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Papers by Ramzy Yousif

Effect of Some Water Quality Parameters on Cholesterol and Triglycerides of Wild and Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Sudan

Dietary total aromatic amino acid requirement and tyrosine replacement value for phenylalanine for fingerling Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Nutrition

N US A N T A RA B I O S C I E N C E The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

by Ramzy Yousif and Fouzi Mohammed

Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine level... more Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 21-27. A 49 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, feed utilization and body composition of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (4.30±0.01 g), fed five isonitrogenous (32 g 100 g-1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (14.51 Kj g-1 Gross energy) practical diets and five levels of methionine supplementation (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g 100 g-1). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. Fish were stocked in triplicate groups of 20 fish held in 70 L flow-through tanks (water volume 55 L) and fed twice daily (08:00 am and 04:30 pm) to apparent satiation. When absolute weight gain (AWG; g fish-1), feed conversion ratio, protein deposition (g fish-1) and protein retention efficiency (%) data were subjected to second-degree polynomial regression analysis 95% of the plateau of the above parameters was achieved at dietary methionine concentrations between 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 dry diet or 0.09-0.10 g methionine Kj-1 GE. Corresponding to 4.4-4.7 g 100 g-1 of the dietary protein. Based on these results, dietary methionine requirement for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is recommended 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 diet.

A Comparative Study on some Quality Attributes of Locally Made Beef Burger and their Counterparts from Meat Industries

by Ramzy Yousif and omer idam

Meat and meat products are essential components in the diets of human beings; their consumption i... more Meat and meat products are essential components in the diets of human beings; their consumption is affected by various factors Like product characteristics (Nutritional properties, safety, price, convenience, etc.) and consumer and environment related characteristics (psychological, health, family or educational aspects, general economic situation, climate, legislation, etc). The current study was conducted to evaluate and compare similarities and differences in nutritive value (moisture, Carbohydrate, CP, total fat, and ash) and macro-minerals (Calcium Ca mg/g, Iron Fe mg/g and Phosphate P mg/g) of processed beef product (Burgers) among three companies (Looli, Al-goussi and Al-arabi) and compared with locally processed in laboratory. A total of 48 samples of beef sausage and burger were taken from local recipe and commercial companies (Looli, Al-goussi and Al-arabi) and subjected to chemical and minerals composition evaluation. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software with completely randomized design (CRD). The findings of this study revealed that, chemical composition of sausages had highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in moisture, carbohydrates, protein, total lipids, and ash among all types of sausages. Also, chemical composition of burger showed that, highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in all parameters among types of burger. Minerals profile revealed that, there were highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in Ca and Fe, while P was recorded significant difference (P≤0.05) among groups of sausage. On the other way, burger showed highly significant difference (P≤0.01) in Ca and P, while Fe had significant difference (P≤0.05). The study was recommended that: Consumers should consume processed sausage and burger manufactured in scientific laboratory because the quantities of ingredients were significantly formulated. 32

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate fat profile (specifically, cholesterol and trigl... more The purpose of the current study was to evaluate fat profile (specifically, cholesterol and triglyceride), chemical composition and minerals of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in wild environment (general Nile) compared with aquaculture environment, specifically in different types of ponds (concrete, polyethylene and earthen Ponds) in fish farms in Khartoum State. Also this work was intended to determine and compare physic-chemical parameters of water in the studied fish environments. Moreover, the study was conducted to compare some parameters according to source of water (Nile or wells). A total of 60 samples of Nile tilapia were collected from Nile River and governmental and private fish farms around Khartoum State and the samples were subjected to cholesterol, triglycerides analysis. Total of 48 samples of water samples were collected for water quality parameters (Unionized ammonia NO3-N, total ammonianitrogen NH3-N and Hydrogen Sulphide H2S). The data was subjected to SPSS by using factorial arrangement. Results revealed that Nile tilapia from Nile environment had significantly (P≤0.01) lower levels of cholesterol and triglycerides than that from ponds. There were significant differences (P≤0.05) in all water quality parameters. Nile River and wells water had significant differences (P≤0.05) in H2S. Total ammonia-nitrogen (NH4) showed a highly significant difference (P≤0.01), and total ammonia showed a significant difference (P≤0.05). Accordingly, the study concluded that Nile river water has a high water quality than other sources of water, also, Nile River aquaculture environment is an immediate environment in relation to ponds environment.

EAJBSZ Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 97-

to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal with baobab seed meal in the formulation of diets f... more to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal with baobab seed meal in the formulation of diets for Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) fish and determining effect on the growth rate. The experiment included 12 plastic aquariums, Fish were distributed randomly in aquariums and placed in each one 10 fish. Acclimatized to the hatchery conditions for 3 days, before the beginning of the experiment. The experiment included 4 treatments with 3 replicated aquariums for each. Feeds T0, T1, T2 and T3 (The diets replacing 0, 25, 50 and 75% of fish meal protein content by baobab seed meal. The results indicated that final body weight (BW), weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of O. niloticus increased with increasing level of fish baobab seed meal in diets. WG was found 20.10, 28.23 and 37.90 for T1, T2 and T3 respectively. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, F test) and LSD for significantly different means at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS version 16

Effect of Replacing Fishmeal with Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) on Growth, Feed Conversion and Carcass Composition for Nile Tilapia Fry (Oreochromis niloticus

The use of alternative feeds aims to maintain productivity and reduce animal production costs. Th... more The use of alternative feeds aims to maintain productivity and reduce animal production costs. The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional value of Water Spinach (WS) (Ipomoea aquatica), as well as replacement of fishmeal (FM) by water spinach in diets for Nile tilapia fry, Oreochromis niloticus. To determine the growth performance of Nile tilapia fed different levels of water spinach, 150 fish (3.25±0.44g; 3.6±0.2cm) were randomly distributed in flow through system of 15 plastic aquariums each containing about 20 liters, and fed during 7 weeks with isoprotein (30% digestible protein) and isoenergetic (14.35 kJ g-1 digestible energy) diets containing replacement levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of FM digestible protein by WS digestible protein. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. The protein efficiency ratio, absolute body weight, live weight gain and feed conversion ratio content significantly decreased in fish fed diets containing WS levels above 25%. Therefore, WS can replace up to 25% of FM without impairing juvenile Nile tilapia growth performance, feed efficiency, and body composition.

R.A. Yousif, et al

Effect of Physico-chemical Conditions on the Structure and Composition of Zooplankton Community at Jatinangor, Indonesia

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of activities in campus Universitas Padjadjaran (... more This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of activities in campus Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) on the water quality as a result of the entery and discharge of pollution materials from laboratories, food courts, agriculture and domestic waste in campus UNPAD to Check dam UNPAD, Ciparanje and Cikuda River. Very limited information is available on the zooplankton status and the effect of water pollution on the zooplankton population of this area. Thus the present study was undertaken to study the seasonal diversity and the physico-chemical properties of water for five sampling localities were selected for the present study depending upon the anthropogenic activities around the Campus UNPAD, water samples at selected points were analysed for pH ranged from 5. .820 mg L-1. The seasonal variations of zooplankton have been described up to generic level, zooplankton consisted of 13 taxonomic groups comprises 43 different genera, the genus are represented by (13 genus

Haematological Values and Body Meaurment of Gazella Dorcus, Reed Buck, Water Buck and Warthog. World's

There is a lack of information of physiological parameters and reference values of wild animals w... more There is a lack of information of physiological parameters and reference values of wild animals which are necessary knowledge for the successful breeding and management of these animals. Laboratory examination was undertaken for determination of certain values of hematological parameters of blood of gazelle dorcas, reed buck, water buck and warthog and their physiological values. Normal values for hemoglobin, packed cell volume, total count of red blood cells, total count of white blood cells and differential count of white blood were obtained from blood of males of wild animals including Dorcas gazelles, Waterbuck, Reed buck and Warthog. The measurement of different parts of the body of these animals were also recorded.

HAEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF C.GARIPIENIUS COLLECTED FROM WHITE NILE AND BLUE NILE AT KHARTOUM STATE

Some hematological values for captive Gazella dorcas

Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell cou... more Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, were obtained from blood of six males and nine females Gazelle Dorcas. Males had significantly higher values for white blood cell count, and had significantly lower values for red blood cell count than the females. The rest of the parameters were not significantly different between the two sexes. With the exception of the correlation between red blood cell and the packed cell volume, were insignificant.

Some hematological values for captive Gazella dorcas

Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell cou... more Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, were obtained from blood of six males and nine females Gazelle Dorcas. Males had significantly higher values for white blood cell count, and had significantly lower values for red blood cell count than the females. The rest of the parameters were not significantly different between the two sexes. With the exception of the correlation between red blood cell and the packed cell volume, were insignificant.

Evaluation of The Impact of Dinder National Park Project (DNPP) on the Local community in Dinder Area

by Fouzi Mohammed and Ramzy Yousif

This study was conducted in Dinder National Park to evaluate the impact of Dinder National Park D... more This study was conducted in Dinder National Park to evaluate the impact of Dinder National Park Development Project (DNPDP). The project, benefiting from the Area Development Schemes (ADSs) experiences had established about 25 VDCs among the communities surrounding the Dinder Park. The DNPP main objectives were conservation of biodiversity of the park and interaction of the surrounding communities in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Park through the application of concepts of Biosphere Reserve management. The questionnaires were distributed local communities to know their perceptions towards the DNPDP. Most of the Community members i.e. about 74.7% said that the project was successful whereas in the opinion of 25.3% respondents the project was not successful.

J. Life Sci. Biomed. 2(5) 196-199, 2012, B

This study was conducted to observe some behavioral traits of Striped Hyaena under captive condit... more This study was conducted to observe some behavioral traits of Striped Hyaena under captive conditions. The observations have been carried during the period 5-15 July, 2009, for 8 equal time period, extending for 24 hours from 0600 p.m hour to 0600 p.m hour next day. The Hyaena flack consisted of two adult males, kept in the Collage farm (Kuku zoo) Khartoum north, in a cage joined to a fence to not allow for free movement. The recorded behavioral activities included: sleeping and rest, movement, clean other, eating, drinking, urination and gonad secretion. It was noticed that the most time consuming activities were sleeping and rest, movement, drinking, and urination. The longest period of the time budget was taken in sleeping and rest (6.7%), (11.15%) respectively in 12hours and 24 hours systems. The shortest fraction of the time budget was spent in gonad secretion maneuvers (0.22%), (0.29%) respectively in the two systems. The main objective of the study was to provide hyena breeders with useful information for better management.

OJAFR, B67, 361-364,

Survey of Helminth parasites in tow fish species Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera at Khartou m State, Sudan

by Ramzy Yousif and S.H. Ahmed Hamid

The aim of this study is survey of internal helminthes parasites in fish, 60 samples of fish were... more The aim of this study is survey of internal helminthes parasites in fish, 60 samples of fish were examined 30 samples Oreochromis niloticus and 30 Clarias lazera collected from four locations(Jebel Aulia reservoir, Elmorda fish market, Fish Research Center (Fish pond)at Elshagra and College of veterinary medicine& animal production (Fish farm), the study conducted for two month present study revealed two larval of ne matodes (Contraceacum spp, and Amplicaecum spp) isolated from Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera. Also the species isolated one species of larvae of trematodes Clinostomum tilapiae isolated from Oreochromis niloticus form the fish pond (fish research centre). And this results showed that the Mean different for nematodes were as 4±3.7 and trematodes 3.5±3.2 in Oreochromis niloticus and nematodes 5±4.3 and trematodes 2±1.4 in Clarias lazera, the helminthes (nematodes ,trematodes) showed the significant level at (P ≤0.05). In this study no cestodes were recovered, this may be back to seasonality, and also a few samples of fish and also the time of study (two month).

ASSESSMENT THE LEVELS OF HEAVY METALS AND WATER QUALITY IN CIKUDA RIVER, INDONESIA

This study was conducted to assess the impact of activities in campus University of Padjadjaran (... more This study was conducted to assess the impact of activities in campus University of Padjadjaran (UNPAD) on the water quality as a result of the entery of pollution materials from laboratories, food courts, agriculture and domestic waste in campus UNPAD to Cikuda River. The accumulation of heavy metals in fresh waters has direct consequence to man and ecosystem. This study was aimed to determine the concentration of Pb, Zn and Mn, and water quality in Cikuda River. Samples were collected from nine sites. The total metal contents in water were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Shimadzn AA-6300) Pb 0.01mg/L, Zn 0.62±0.48mg/L and Mn 0.14±0.13mg/L. Our survey showed that Pb lower than Standards Quality Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No.82, 2001, about water quality management and control of pollution. Zn and Mn higher than Quality Standards. For the other water quality parameters the results showed that significant pollutional increase at the effluent impacted site. pH 6.93±0.67, BOD 2.68±1.91mg/L, Nitrate 0.60 ±0.96mg/L, Ammonia 0.80 ±0.16mg/L, PO4 0.29±0.10mg/L, DO 4.28 ±1.45mg/L Temperature 26.65 ±1.22C⁰ and Transparency 38.33 ±17.31cm. A close monitoring of water pollution and metals pollution is strongly recommended especially in water.

Eighty fresh samples of Oreochromis niloticus of family Cichildae were collected from Jable Aulia... more Eighty fresh samples of Oreochromis niloticus of family Cichildae were collected from Jable
Aulia dam – Al shagara farm, University farm – Wad Al Mamon farm, (40 from the Nile and 40
from the farms), during the period April to July 2009.The spacemen’s were examined for the
presence of fungal contamination, based on the generic names of the isolated organisms.
The density of contamination of the total samples was found to be 54% while the density of
contamination in fishes collected from Jable aulia dam 70% (which represent the natural
environment) Alshagara farm 38% Sudan University farm 47% and Wad Al Mamon farm 42%
(which represent the culture environment the density of contamination was found to be 42%).
The fungal organism was identified as Saprolegnia spp, Aphanomyces spp, Achlaya spp,
Asperigulus niger, pencilium spp and Rhizopupus species.

Effect of Some Water Quality Parameters on Cholesterol and Triglycerides of Wild and Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Sudan

Dietary total aromatic amino acid requirement and tyrosine replacement value for phenylalanine for fingerling Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Nutrition

N US A N T A RA B I O S C I E N C E The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

by Ramzy Yousif and Fouzi Mohammed

Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine level... more Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 21-27. A 49 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, feed utilization and body composition of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (4.30±0.01 g), fed five isonitrogenous (32 g 100 g-1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (14.51 Kj g-1 Gross energy) practical diets and five levels of methionine supplementation (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g 100 g-1). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. Fish were stocked in triplicate groups of 20 fish held in 70 L flow-through tanks (water volume 55 L) and fed twice daily (08:00 am and 04:30 pm) to apparent satiation. When absolute weight gain (AWG; g fish-1), feed conversion ratio, protein deposition (g fish-1) and protein retention efficiency (%) data were subjected to second-degree polynomial regression analysis 95% of the plateau of the above parameters was achieved at dietary methionine concentrations between 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 dry diet or 0.09-0.10 g methionine Kj-1 GE. Corresponding to 4.4-4.7 g 100 g-1 of the dietary protein. Based on these results, dietary methionine requirement for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is recommended 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 diet.

A Comparative Study on some Quality Attributes of Locally Made Beef Burger and their Counterparts from Meat Industries

by Ramzy Yousif and omer idam

Meat and meat products are essential components in the diets of human beings; their consumption i... more Meat and meat products are essential components in the diets of human beings; their consumption is affected by various factors Like product characteristics (Nutritional properties, safety, price, convenience, etc.) and consumer and environment related characteristics (psychological, health, family or educational aspects, general economic situation, climate, legislation, etc). The current study was conducted to evaluate and compare similarities and differences in nutritive value (moisture, Carbohydrate, CP, total fat, and ash) and macro-minerals (Calcium Ca mg/g, Iron Fe mg/g and Phosphate P mg/g) of processed beef product (Burgers) among three companies (Looli, Al-goussi and Al-arabi) and compared with locally processed in laboratory. A total of 48 samples of beef sausage and burger were taken from local recipe and commercial companies (Looli, Al-goussi and Al-arabi) and subjected to chemical and minerals composition evaluation. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software with completely randomized design (CRD). The findings of this study revealed that, chemical composition of sausages had highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in moisture, carbohydrates, protein, total lipids, and ash among all types of sausages. Also, chemical composition of burger showed that, highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in all parameters among types of burger. Minerals profile revealed that, there were highly significant differences (P≤0.01) in Ca and Fe, while P was recorded significant difference (P≤0.05) among groups of sausage. On the other way, burger showed highly significant difference (P≤0.01) in Ca and P, while Fe had significant difference (P≤0.05). The study was recommended that: Consumers should consume processed sausage and burger manufactured in scientific laboratory because the quantities of ingredients were significantly formulated. 32

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate fat profile (specifically, cholesterol and trigl... more The purpose of the current study was to evaluate fat profile (specifically, cholesterol and triglyceride), chemical composition and minerals of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in wild environment (general Nile) compared with aquaculture environment, specifically in different types of ponds (concrete, polyethylene and earthen Ponds) in fish farms in Khartoum State. Also this work was intended to determine and compare physic-chemical parameters of water in the studied fish environments. Moreover, the study was conducted to compare some parameters according to source of water (Nile or wells). A total of 60 samples of Nile tilapia were collected from Nile River and governmental and private fish farms around Khartoum State and the samples were subjected to cholesterol, triglycerides analysis. Total of 48 samples of water samples were collected for water quality parameters (Unionized ammonia NO3-N, total ammonianitrogen NH3-N and Hydrogen Sulphide H2S). The data was subjected to SPSS by using factorial arrangement. Results revealed that Nile tilapia from Nile environment had significantly (P≤0.01) lower levels of cholesterol and triglycerides than that from ponds. There were significant differences (P≤0.05) in all water quality parameters. Nile River and wells water had significant differences (P≤0.05) in H2S. Total ammonia-nitrogen (NH4) showed a highly significant difference (P≤0.01), and total ammonia showed a significant difference (P≤0.05). Accordingly, the study concluded that Nile river water has a high water quality than other sources of water, also, Nile River aquaculture environment is an immediate environment in relation to ponds environment.

EAJBSZ Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 97-

to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal with baobab seed meal in the formulation of diets f... more to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal with baobab seed meal in the formulation of diets for Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) fish and determining effect on the growth rate. The experiment included 12 plastic aquariums, Fish were distributed randomly in aquariums and placed in each one 10 fish. Acclimatized to the hatchery conditions for 3 days, before the beginning of the experiment. The experiment included 4 treatments with 3 replicated aquariums for each. Feeds T0, T1, T2 and T3 (The diets replacing 0, 25, 50 and 75% of fish meal protein content by baobab seed meal. The results indicated that final body weight (BW), weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of O. niloticus increased with increasing level of fish baobab seed meal in diets. WG was found 20.10, 28.23 and 37.90 for T1, T2 and T3 respectively. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, F test) and LSD for significantly different means at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS version 16

Effect of Replacing Fishmeal with Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) on Growth, Feed Conversion and Carcass Composition for Nile Tilapia Fry (Oreochromis niloticus

The use of alternative feeds aims to maintain productivity and reduce animal production costs. Th... more The use of alternative feeds aims to maintain productivity and reduce animal production costs. The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional value of Water Spinach (WS) (Ipomoea aquatica), as well as replacement of fishmeal (FM) by water spinach in diets for Nile tilapia fry, Oreochromis niloticus. To determine the growth performance of Nile tilapia fed different levels of water spinach, 150 fish (3.25±0.44g; 3.6±0.2cm) were randomly distributed in flow through system of 15 plastic aquariums each containing about 20 liters, and fed during 7 weeks with isoprotein (30% digestible protein) and isoenergetic (14.35 kJ g-1 digestible energy) diets containing replacement levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of FM digestible protein by WS digestible protein. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. The protein efficiency ratio, absolute body weight, live weight gain and feed conversion ratio content significantly decreased in fish fed diets containing WS levels above 25%. Therefore, WS can replace up to 25% of FM without impairing juvenile Nile tilapia growth performance, feed efficiency, and body composition.

R.A. Yousif, et al

Effect of Physico-chemical Conditions on the Structure and Composition of Zooplankton Community at Jatinangor, Indonesia

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of activities in campus Universitas Padjadjaran (... more This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of activities in campus Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) on the water quality as a result of the entery and discharge of pollution materials from laboratories, food courts, agriculture and domestic waste in campus UNPAD to Check dam UNPAD, Ciparanje and Cikuda River. Very limited information is available on the zooplankton status and the effect of water pollution on the zooplankton population of this area. Thus the present study was undertaken to study the seasonal diversity and the physico-chemical properties of water for five sampling localities were selected for the present study depending upon the anthropogenic activities around the Campus UNPAD, water samples at selected points were analysed for pH ranged from 5. .820 mg L-1. The seasonal variations of zooplankton have been described up to generic level, zooplankton consisted of 13 taxonomic groups comprises 43 different genera, the genus are represented by (13 genus

Haematological Values and Body Meaurment of Gazella Dorcus, Reed Buck, Water Buck and Warthog. World's

There is a lack of information of physiological parameters and reference values of wild animals w... more There is a lack of information of physiological parameters and reference values of wild animals which are necessary knowledge for the successful breeding and management of these animals. Laboratory examination was undertaken for determination of certain values of hematological parameters of blood of gazelle dorcas, reed buck, water buck and warthog and their physiological values. Normal values for hemoglobin, packed cell volume, total count of red blood cells, total count of white blood cells and differential count of white blood were obtained from blood of males of wild animals including Dorcas gazelles, Waterbuck, Reed buck and Warthog. The measurement of different parts of the body of these animals were also recorded.

HAEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF C.GARIPIENIUS COLLECTED FROM WHITE NILE AND BLUE NILE AT KHARTOUM STATE

Some hematological values for captive Gazella dorcas

Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell cou... more Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, were obtained from blood of six males and nine females Gazelle Dorcas. Males had significantly higher values for white blood cell count, and had significantly lower values for red blood cell count than the females. The rest of the parameters were not significantly different between the two sexes. With the exception of the correlation between red blood cell and the packed cell volume, were insignificant.

Some hematological values for captive Gazella dorcas

Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell cou... more Normal mean values for Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, were obtained from blood of six males and nine females Gazelle Dorcas. Males had significantly higher values for white blood cell count, and had significantly lower values for red blood cell count than the females. The rest of the parameters were not significantly different between the two sexes. With the exception of the correlation between red blood cell and the packed cell volume, were insignificant.

Evaluation of The Impact of Dinder National Park Project (DNPP) on the Local community in Dinder Area

by Fouzi Mohammed and Ramzy Yousif

This study was conducted in Dinder National Park to evaluate the impact of Dinder National Park D... more This study was conducted in Dinder National Park to evaluate the impact of Dinder National Park Development Project (DNPDP). The project, benefiting from the Area Development Schemes (ADSs) experiences had established about 25 VDCs among the communities surrounding the Dinder Park. The DNPP main objectives were conservation of biodiversity of the park and interaction of the surrounding communities in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Park through the application of concepts of Biosphere Reserve management. The questionnaires were distributed local communities to know their perceptions towards the DNPDP. Most of the Community members i.e. about 74.7% said that the project was successful whereas in the opinion of 25.3% respondents the project was not successful.

J. Life Sci. Biomed. 2(5) 196-199, 2012, B

This study was conducted to observe some behavioral traits of Striped Hyaena under captive condit... more This study was conducted to observe some behavioral traits of Striped Hyaena under captive conditions. The observations have been carried during the period 5-15 July, 2009, for 8 equal time period, extending for 24 hours from 0600 p.m hour to 0600 p.m hour next day. The Hyaena flack consisted of two adult males, kept in the Collage farm (Kuku zoo) Khartoum north, in a cage joined to a fence to not allow for free movement. The recorded behavioral activities included: sleeping and rest, movement, clean other, eating, drinking, urination and gonad secretion. It was noticed that the most time consuming activities were sleeping and rest, movement, drinking, and urination. The longest period of the time budget was taken in sleeping and rest (6.7%), (11.15%) respectively in 12hours and 24 hours systems. The shortest fraction of the time budget was spent in gonad secretion maneuvers (0.22%), (0.29%) respectively in the two systems. The main objective of the study was to provide hyena breeders with useful information for better management.

OJAFR, B67, 361-364,

Survey of Helminth parasites in tow fish species Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera at Khartou m State, Sudan

by Ramzy Yousif and S.H. Ahmed Hamid

The aim of this study is survey of internal helminthes parasites in fish, 60 samples of fish were... more The aim of this study is survey of internal helminthes parasites in fish, 60 samples of fish were examined 30 samples Oreochromis niloticus and 30 Clarias lazera collected from four locations(Jebel Aulia reservoir, Elmorda fish market, Fish Research Center (Fish pond)at Elshagra and College of veterinary medicine& animal production (Fish farm), the study conducted for two month present study revealed two larval of ne matodes (Contraceacum spp, and Amplicaecum spp) isolated from Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias lazera. Also the species isolated one species of larvae of trematodes Clinostomum tilapiae isolated from Oreochromis niloticus form the fish pond (fish research centre). And this results showed that the Mean different for nematodes were as 4±3.7 and trematodes 3.5±3.2 in Oreochromis niloticus and nematodes 5±4.3 and trematodes 2±1.4 in Clarias lazera, the helminthes (nematodes ,trematodes) showed the significant level at (P ≤0.05). In this study no cestodes were recovered, this may be back to seasonality, and also a few samples of fish and also the time of study (two month).

ASSESSMENT THE LEVELS OF HEAVY METALS AND WATER QUALITY IN CIKUDA RIVER, INDONESIA

This study was conducted to assess the impact of activities in campus University of Padjadjaran (... more This study was conducted to assess the impact of activities in campus University of Padjadjaran (UNPAD) on the water quality as a result of the entery of pollution materials from laboratories, food courts, agriculture and domestic waste in campus UNPAD to Cikuda River. The accumulation of heavy metals in fresh waters has direct consequence to man and ecosystem. This study was aimed to determine the concentration of Pb, Zn and Mn, and water quality in Cikuda River. Samples were collected from nine sites. The total metal contents in water were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Shimadzn AA-6300) Pb 0.01mg/L, Zn 0.62±0.48mg/L and Mn 0.14±0.13mg/L. Our survey showed that Pb lower than Standards Quality Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No.82, 2001, about water quality management and control of pollution. Zn and Mn higher than Quality Standards. For the other water quality parameters the results showed that significant pollutional increase at the effluent impacted site. pH 6.93±0.67, BOD 2.68±1.91mg/L, Nitrate 0.60 ±0.96mg/L, Ammonia 0.80 ±0.16mg/L, PO4 0.29±0.10mg/L, DO 4.28 ±1.45mg/L Temperature 26.65 ±1.22C⁰ and Transparency 38.33 ±17.31cm. A close monitoring of water pollution and metals pollution is strongly recommended especially in water.

Eighty fresh samples of Oreochromis niloticus of family Cichildae were collected from Jable Aulia... more Eighty fresh samples of Oreochromis niloticus of family Cichildae were collected from Jable
Aulia dam – Al shagara farm, University farm – Wad Al Mamon farm, (40 from the Nile and 40
from the farms), during the period April to July 2009.The spacemen’s were examined for the
presence of fungal contamination, based on the generic names of the isolated organisms.
The density of contamination of the total samples was found to be 54% while the density of
contamination in fishes collected from Jable aulia dam 70% (which represent the natural
environment) Alshagara farm 38% Sudan University farm 47% and Wad Al Mamon farm 42%
(which represent the culture environment the density of contamination was found to be 42%).
The fungal organism was identified as Saprolegnia spp, Aphanomyces spp, Achlaya spp,
Asperigulus niger, pencilium spp and Rhizopupus species.