Abstract-Magnetic Resonance Images are powerful tools to delineate MS lesions in early stage of t... more Abstract-Magnetic Resonance Images are powerful tools to delineate MS lesions in early stage of the diseases. In this paper we introduce a new method that extracts MS lesions in exact shape and size. This extraction can ease evaluation of treatment and other factors by physician. We combine image segmentation method with other image processing techniques to get superior results. Keywords-Magnetic Resonance Image, Segmentation, Entropy,
Background: Clinical frailty leads to a progressive homeostatic dysregulation in physiological sy... more Background: Clinical frailty leads to a progressive homeostatic dysregulation in physiological systems, including cardiac autonomic nervous system (CANS). Reduction of heart rate variability (HRV) and sympathovagal balance (SVB) reflect this multisystem homeostenosis. Our objective was to develop HRV and SVB algorithms based on acquired ECG data using a body-worn sensor, across Fried frailty categories in older adults. Methods: A four hour uni-channel ECG was recorded using an FDA-approved wearable-sensor in 49 elders aged 65 and above. After ECG data inspection, 16 individuals were excluded due to 20%/+ ectopic beats. Remaining subjects were classified as non-frail (n=16) and pre-frail/frail (n=17) using Fried’s criteria. A custom algorithm extracted QRS complexes from the ECG and calculated frequency domain measures of HRV. Percentage of spectral density in low frequency (pLF: 0.04-0.15Hz) and high-frequency (pHF: 0.15-0.4Hz), as well as their ratio (LF:HF) were calculated. Result...
Background:Robotic techniques reduce the invasiveness and improve outcomes compared to traditiona... more Background:Robotic techniques reduce the invasiveness and improve outcomes compared to traditional surgery. Greater technical challenges of robotics suggest that this approach is more stressful for surgeons, particularly during the learning phase. The purpose of this study was to objectively quantify stress during robotic procedures in real-time. Method:We used an innovative method based on a body worn sensor to measure stress based on heart rate monitoring. The measured stress was compared between three different cases, including robotic surgery on a cadaver (Case 1), actual cardiac robotic surgery (Case 2), and supervising a cardiac robotic surgery (Case 3). An algorithm was designed to estimate HRV based on the standard deviation of R-R intervals. Before starting the surgery, baseline stress was assessed using the same algorithm. Medium and high-stress periods were defined when HRV was in the range of 60-85% and below 60% of baseline HRV, respectively. Results:Interestingly the l...
OBJECTIVE: Technical challenges associated with robotic cardiac surgery can lead to mental stress... more OBJECTIVE: Technical challenges associated with robotic cardiac surgery can lead to mental stress in the surgeon. While moderate stress improves performance, severe stress has been shown to reduce surgical skill and lead to poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to quantify the stress response (SR) in real-time as evidenced by reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in surgeons performing robotic cardiac surgery. METHODS: HRV was continuously monitored in an advanced and novice surgeon during robotic cardiac surgery using a wearable ECG monitoring sensor to measure the standard deviation of R-R intervals based on ECG signals. The 14 monitored cases included: 1) novice performing simulated robotic surgery on a cadaver (n=1) and 2) performing clinical robotic surgery (n=1) and 3) an advanced surgeon supervising a novice (n=5) and 4) performing clinical robotic surgery (n=7). Stress was quantified as severe (SRhigh) when HRV was below 60% of baseline HRV. RESULTS: Surgeons were moni...
The Lüscher Color Psychology Test measures a person's psychophysical state, his ability to wi... more The Lüscher Color Psychology Test measures a person's psychophysical state, his ability to withstand stress, perform, and communicate. This test is based on color selection in four levels of preference. In this paper, we try to use heart response and particularly time domain features of heart rate variability to find the colors preferences without asking the subjects directly. For this
In this paper, we have introduce new features in the Extended Triangle Phase space mapping (ETPSM... more In this paper, we have introduce new features in the Extended Triangle Phase space mapping (ETPSM), a novel method for representation of heart rate which is obtaining by using RR interval time series signal to plot the Triangle mapping consist of all the ordered pairs: (RRi, abs (RR-RRi+1)), i = 1, ..., N where RR is the mean of RR intervals. We obtained a triangle from the distribution of these points and introduced three new features in this mapping by counting the points in, on and out of the triangle. These features were evaluated in distinguishing four groups of subjects (Arrhythmia, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)) obtained of Physionet database. The results show that these features discriminate arrhythmia from NSR subjects by p
Background: Individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have deficits in sensory and mo... more Background: Individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have deficits in sensory and motor skills leading to inadequate proprioceptive feedback, impaired postural balance and higher fall risk. Objective: This study investigated the effect of sensor-based interactive balance training on postural stability and daily physical activity in older adults with diabetes. Methods: Thirty-nine older adults with DPN were enrolled (age 63.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI 30.6 ± 6, 54% females) and randomized to either an intervention (IG) or a control (CG) group. The IG received sensor-based interactive exercise training tailored for people with diabetes (twice a week for 4 weeks). The exercises focused on shifting weight and crossing virtual obstacles. Body-worn sensors were implemented to acquire kinematic data and provide real-time joint visual feedback during the training. Outcome measurements included changes in center of mass (CoM) sway, ankle and hip joint sway measured during a balance test ...
In this paper we introduce the new method for computing the 2D position of an eye and its gaze di... more In this paper we introduce the new method for computing the 2D position of an eye and its gaze direction from a single camera and one light source. The method is based on distance algorithm compound with skeleting and layering algorithm for detecting the central point of gaze. After above steps we have been used reversed distance algorithm to correct probable error.
Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an endovascular treatment for critical aortic ... more Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an endovascular treatment for critical aortic stenosis. An early "learning curve" is important drawback of TAVI that can dramatically alter patient safety and hospital costs. There is paucity of data regarding the quantification of learning experience associated with the technique. The aim of this study was to assess learning curve in clinical staff involved in the implementation of TAVI. We hypothesize that training sessions will improve economy of movement (EoM) as characterized by measuring jerkiness of trunk movement in medial-lateral direction. Using wearable technology based on tri-axial accelerometer, the EoM of a scrub technician, who was naive to TAVI procedure, was assessed during 6 consecutive TAVI procedures, including 4 cadaver TAVI simulations and 2 clinical cases. In addition, communication errors between the surgery team were monitored. During the cadaver simulation training, the communication error was reduced by 46.2%. Similarly, the EoM was enhanced by 17.3% (p=0.04) with a nonsignificant reduction rate of 4.99±4.26% per practice. Interestingly, both communication errors and EoM were reduced during real cases compared to the first simulated case, suggesting that cadaver simulation translated into real cases. This proof of concept study suggests that EoM could be used as an alternative method to objectively evaluate the learning curve during surgical procedures. Results should be confirmed in a larger sample size in both physicians and support staff assisting with TAVI procedure.
The current study analyzed heart rate variability in the frequency domain to study the effect of ... more The current study analyzed heart rate variability in the frequency domain to study the effect of different colors on the autonomic nervous system and emotions induced by different colors. Sixteen female volunteers were presented with four different colors on a digital screen as a visual stimulus while the lead II of ECG was recorded. For assessment of induced emotion by colors, validated Self-Assessment Manikin Test were used. Effects of colors on power spectrum of HRV were reported. The results showed that red and yellow increased power in high frequency (p<1E-4). Also, the value of low frequency power in response to yellow and green were less than control state.
ABSTRACT This paper presents detection and localization of myocardial infarction (MI) using RBF n... more ABSTRACT This paper presents detection and localization of myocardial infarction (MI) using RBF neural network classifier with the wavelet coefficients as features extracted from Frank lead. Detection of MI aims to classify healthy and MI data and localization aim to specify the infracted region of the heart. The electrocardiogram (ECG) data from PTB Diagnostic ECG Database (available from Physionet) was used in this article. Frank lead is approximated from 12 lead ECG using Dower transformation. Wavelet coefficients in three levels (3, 4 and 5) from three wavelet basis functions (haar, db4 and db10) were used to evaluate their performance for MI detection and localization.
method for representation of heart rate which is obtained using RR interval time series signal co... more method for representation of heart rate which is obtained using RR interval time series signal consist of all the ordered pairs: ( , ), 1, … , 1 where is the mean of RR intervals. By analyzing the point's distribution in this map, we could estimate a two degree polynomial equation in the form of y = in which y is and x is . The useful features obtaining of this map are the coefficients A, B, and C. These features were evaluated in distinguishing four groups of subjects (Arrhythmia, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)) obtained of Physionet database. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to define the level of significance of each feature. The results show that these features discriminate CHF from NSR by p<E-5; arrhythmia from NSR by p<E-7; and AF from NSR by p<E-6.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Assessing effectiveness of a standardized electro-acupuncture (EA) regimen fo... more ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Assessing effectiveness of a standardized electro-acupuncture (EA) regimen for improving balance and gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD) using objective modalities employing innovative body-worn sensor technology.BACKGROUND: Balance and gait disturbances, predictors of falling risk and impaired quality of life, have emerged as major therapeutic concerns in PD. While acupuncture is increasingly used as a complementary PD therapy, objective measures of its effectiveness in improving clinically relevant ambulatory performance in PD are lacking.DESIGN/METHODS:Thirteen PD patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=10) or a control group (n=3). All patients underwent either real or sham acupuncture for 3 weeks in once-weekly, 30-minute sessions. Outcomes were assessed in an off-medication state at baseline prior to and at the end of therapy. Measurements included balance (assessed by ratio of mediolateral center of mass sway to anteroposterior sway during eyes open, eyes closed, and eyes open dual-task), gait (assessed during single-task vs. dual-task habitual or fast walking), postural transitions (assessed by Timed Up and Go, TUG), quality of life (SF12) and UPDRS.RESULTS:Significant improvement occurred in the intervention group compared to baseline for balance, gait, TUG, SF12, UPDRS II on fall and UPDRS III. Overall balance improved by 31% (reduction in ML/AP sway); gait speed increased by 10%, and stride length increased by 5% among all participants in active group for all different conditions of testing. No improvement for any measurement was found in the control group compared to baseline. No between group difference was observed for baseline assessments and demographic information (P&gt;0.11). After treatment, between groups comparison revealed that balance, gait speed and stride length during all conditions was significantly better in the intervention group compared to control group (p&lt;0.05).CONCLUSIONS: EA is an effective therapy in improving certain aspects of balance and gait disorders in PD.
ABSTRACT Background: Undetected repeated foot loading and temperature changes during walking in d... more ABSTRACT Background: Undetected repeated foot loading and temperature changes during walking in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy significantly increases risk of foot ulceration. Early detection of inflammation due to foot temperature and pressure changes from walking has shown to be a potentially effective strategy in prevention of foot ulcers. Therefore, a clinically feasible assessment of these changes is vital to measure pre-ulcerative inflammation and predict DFUs. The current study is aimed to validate effectiveness of an innovative fiber optics embedded smart textile for simultaneous measurement of plantar pressure and temperature. Methods: The study recruited 21 diabetic patients (Age: 57.8±7.9 years, BMI: 31.6±8.0 kg/m2, VPT: 26.8±15 volt, 68% diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy) at high risk for foot ulcers from Wound and Diabetic Foot Center at Hamad Medical Co. Doha. A series of sensors were juxtaposed on the length of an optical fiber integrated in a comfortable sock (Novinoor LLC, IL) for measuring temperature and pressure changes under anatomical regions of the heel, midfoot, 1st and 5th metatarsal heads, and big toe based on changes in wavelength of light. A thermal image was acquired after five-minute temperature acclimation before walking for validating temperature changes. Participants walked 200 steps to induce thermal stress and follow up thermal image was acquired. Participants also wore F-scan insoles (TekScan®Inc) during walk for pressure validation. Results: All the recruited patients perceived the device as comfortable. A significant correlation was observed between both pressure (r=0.67, p&lt;0.05) and temperature (r=0.55, p&lt;0.05) measurements between the sock and the reference systems under different anatomical regions of interest. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the proof of concept for an innovative smart textile in simultaneous assessment of the key parameters associated with risk of foot ulcer in patients with diabetes. Given the correlation values, additional studies will larger sample size is required to further validate and address whether the technology can predict and better manage diabetic foot ulcers.
Abstract-Magnetic Resonance Images are powerful tools to delineate MS lesions in early stage of t... more Abstract-Magnetic Resonance Images are powerful tools to delineate MS lesions in early stage of the diseases. In this paper we introduce a new method that extracts MS lesions in exact shape and size. This extraction can ease evaluation of treatment and other factors by physician. We combine image segmentation method with other image processing techniques to get superior results. Keywords-Magnetic Resonance Image, Segmentation, Entropy,
Background: Clinical frailty leads to a progressive homeostatic dysregulation in physiological sy... more Background: Clinical frailty leads to a progressive homeostatic dysregulation in physiological systems, including cardiac autonomic nervous system (CANS). Reduction of heart rate variability (HRV) and sympathovagal balance (SVB) reflect this multisystem homeostenosis. Our objective was to develop HRV and SVB algorithms based on acquired ECG data using a body-worn sensor, across Fried frailty categories in older adults. Methods: A four hour uni-channel ECG was recorded using an FDA-approved wearable-sensor in 49 elders aged 65 and above. After ECG data inspection, 16 individuals were excluded due to 20%/+ ectopic beats. Remaining subjects were classified as non-frail (n=16) and pre-frail/frail (n=17) using Fried’s criteria. A custom algorithm extracted QRS complexes from the ECG and calculated frequency domain measures of HRV. Percentage of spectral density in low frequency (pLF: 0.04-0.15Hz) and high-frequency (pHF: 0.15-0.4Hz), as well as their ratio (LF:HF) were calculated. Result...
Background:Robotic techniques reduce the invasiveness and improve outcomes compared to traditiona... more Background:Robotic techniques reduce the invasiveness and improve outcomes compared to traditional surgery. Greater technical challenges of robotics suggest that this approach is more stressful for surgeons, particularly during the learning phase. The purpose of this study was to objectively quantify stress during robotic procedures in real-time. Method:We used an innovative method based on a body worn sensor to measure stress based on heart rate monitoring. The measured stress was compared between three different cases, including robotic surgery on a cadaver (Case 1), actual cardiac robotic surgery (Case 2), and supervising a cardiac robotic surgery (Case 3). An algorithm was designed to estimate HRV based on the standard deviation of R-R intervals. Before starting the surgery, baseline stress was assessed using the same algorithm. Medium and high-stress periods were defined when HRV was in the range of 60-85% and below 60% of baseline HRV, respectively. Results:Interestingly the l...
OBJECTIVE: Technical challenges associated with robotic cardiac surgery can lead to mental stress... more OBJECTIVE: Technical challenges associated with robotic cardiac surgery can lead to mental stress in the surgeon. While moderate stress improves performance, severe stress has been shown to reduce surgical skill and lead to poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to quantify the stress response (SR) in real-time as evidenced by reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in surgeons performing robotic cardiac surgery. METHODS: HRV was continuously monitored in an advanced and novice surgeon during robotic cardiac surgery using a wearable ECG monitoring sensor to measure the standard deviation of R-R intervals based on ECG signals. The 14 monitored cases included: 1) novice performing simulated robotic surgery on a cadaver (n=1) and 2) performing clinical robotic surgery (n=1) and 3) an advanced surgeon supervising a novice (n=5) and 4) performing clinical robotic surgery (n=7). Stress was quantified as severe (SRhigh) when HRV was below 60% of baseline HRV. RESULTS: Surgeons were moni...
The Lüscher Color Psychology Test measures a person's psychophysical state, his ability to wi... more The Lüscher Color Psychology Test measures a person's psychophysical state, his ability to withstand stress, perform, and communicate. This test is based on color selection in four levels of preference. In this paper, we try to use heart response and particularly time domain features of heart rate variability to find the colors preferences without asking the subjects directly. For this
In this paper, we have introduce new features in the Extended Triangle Phase space mapping (ETPSM... more In this paper, we have introduce new features in the Extended Triangle Phase space mapping (ETPSM), a novel method for representation of heart rate which is obtaining by using RR interval time series signal to plot the Triangle mapping consist of all the ordered pairs: (RRi, abs (RR-RRi+1)), i = 1, ..., N where RR is the mean of RR intervals. We obtained a triangle from the distribution of these points and introduced three new features in this mapping by counting the points in, on and out of the triangle. These features were evaluated in distinguishing four groups of subjects (Arrhythmia, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)) obtained of Physionet database. The results show that these features discriminate arrhythmia from NSR subjects by p
Background: Individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have deficits in sensory and mo... more Background: Individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have deficits in sensory and motor skills leading to inadequate proprioceptive feedback, impaired postural balance and higher fall risk. Objective: This study investigated the effect of sensor-based interactive balance training on postural stability and daily physical activity in older adults with diabetes. Methods: Thirty-nine older adults with DPN were enrolled (age 63.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI 30.6 ± 6, 54% females) and randomized to either an intervention (IG) or a control (CG) group. The IG received sensor-based interactive exercise training tailored for people with diabetes (twice a week for 4 weeks). The exercises focused on shifting weight and crossing virtual obstacles. Body-worn sensors were implemented to acquire kinematic data and provide real-time joint visual feedback during the training. Outcome measurements included changes in center of mass (CoM) sway, ankle and hip joint sway measured during a balance test ...
In this paper we introduce the new method for computing the 2D position of an eye and its gaze di... more In this paper we introduce the new method for computing the 2D position of an eye and its gaze direction from a single camera and one light source. The method is based on distance algorithm compound with skeleting and layering algorithm for detecting the central point of gaze. After above steps we have been used reversed distance algorithm to correct probable error.
Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an endovascular treatment for critical aortic ... more Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an endovascular treatment for critical aortic stenosis. An early "learning curve" is important drawback of TAVI that can dramatically alter patient safety and hospital costs. There is paucity of data regarding the quantification of learning experience associated with the technique. The aim of this study was to assess learning curve in clinical staff involved in the implementation of TAVI. We hypothesize that training sessions will improve economy of movement (EoM) as characterized by measuring jerkiness of trunk movement in medial-lateral direction. Using wearable technology based on tri-axial accelerometer, the EoM of a scrub technician, who was naive to TAVI procedure, was assessed during 6 consecutive TAVI procedures, including 4 cadaver TAVI simulations and 2 clinical cases. In addition, communication errors between the surgery team were monitored. During the cadaver simulation training, the communication error was reduced by 46.2%. Similarly, the EoM was enhanced by 17.3% (p=0.04) with a nonsignificant reduction rate of 4.99±4.26% per practice. Interestingly, both communication errors and EoM were reduced during real cases compared to the first simulated case, suggesting that cadaver simulation translated into real cases. This proof of concept study suggests that EoM could be used as an alternative method to objectively evaluate the learning curve during surgical procedures. Results should be confirmed in a larger sample size in both physicians and support staff assisting with TAVI procedure.
The current study analyzed heart rate variability in the frequency domain to study the effect of ... more The current study analyzed heart rate variability in the frequency domain to study the effect of different colors on the autonomic nervous system and emotions induced by different colors. Sixteen female volunteers were presented with four different colors on a digital screen as a visual stimulus while the lead II of ECG was recorded. For assessment of induced emotion by colors, validated Self-Assessment Manikin Test were used. Effects of colors on power spectrum of HRV were reported. The results showed that red and yellow increased power in high frequency (p<1E-4). Also, the value of low frequency power in response to yellow and green were less than control state.
ABSTRACT This paper presents detection and localization of myocardial infarction (MI) using RBF n... more ABSTRACT This paper presents detection and localization of myocardial infarction (MI) using RBF neural network classifier with the wavelet coefficients as features extracted from Frank lead. Detection of MI aims to classify healthy and MI data and localization aim to specify the infracted region of the heart. The electrocardiogram (ECG) data from PTB Diagnostic ECG Database (available from Physionet) was used in this article. Frank lead is approximated from 12 lead ECG using Dower transformation. Wavelet coefficients in three levels (3, 4 and 5) from three wavelet basis functions (haar, db4 and db10) were used to evaluate their performance for MI detection and localization.
method for representation of heart rate which is obtained using RR interval time series signal co... more method for representation of heart rate which is obtained using RR interval time series signal consist of all the ordered pairs: ( , ), 1, … , 1 where is the mean of RR intervals. By analyzing the point's distribution in this map, we could estimate a two degree polynomial equation in the form of y = in which y is and x is . The useful features obtaining of this map are the coefficients A, B, and C. These features were evaluated in distinguishing four groups of subjects (Arrhythmia, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)) obtained of Physionet database. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to define the level of significance of each feature. The results show that these features discriminate CHF from NSR by p<E-5; arrhythmia from NSR by p<E-7; and AF from NSR by p<E-6.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Assessing effectiveness of a standardized electro-acupuncture (EA) regimen fo... more ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Assessing effectiveness of a standardized electro-acupuncture (EA) regimen for improving balance and gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD) using objective modalities employing innovative body-worn sensor technology.BACKGROUND: Balance and gait disturbances, predictors of falling risk and impaired quality of life, have emerged as major therapeutic concerns in PD. While acupuncture is increasingly used as a complementary PD therapy, objective measures of its effectiveness in improving clinically relevant ambulatory performance in PD are lacking.DESIGN/METHODS:Thirteen PD patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=10) or a control group (n=3). All patients underwent either real or sham acupuncture for 3 weeks in once-weekly, 30-minute sessions. Outcomes were assessed in an off-medication state at baseline prior to and at the end of therapy. Measurements included balance (assessed by ratio of mediolateral center of mass sway to anteroposterior sway during eyes open, eyes closed, and eyes open dual-task), gait (assessed during single-task vs. dual-task habitual or fast walking), postural transitions (assessed by Timed Up and Go, TUG), quality of life (SF12) and UPDRS.RESULTS:Significant improvement occurred in the intervention group compared to baseline for balance, gait, TUG, SF12, UPDRS II on fall and UPDRS III. Overall balance improved by 31% (reduction in ML/AP sway); gait speed increased by 10%, and stride length increased by 5% among all participants in active group for all different conditions of testing. No improvement for any measurement was found in the control group compared to baseline. No between group difference was observed for baseline assessments and demographic information (P&gt;0.11). After treatment, between groups comparison revealed that balance, gait speed and stride length during all conditions was significantly better in the intervention group compared to control group (p&lt;0.05).CONCLUSIONS: EA is an effective therapy in improving certain aspects of balance and gait disorders in PD.
ABSTRACT Background: Undetected repeated foot loading and temperature changes during walking in d... more ABSTRACT Background: Undetected repeated foot loading and temperature changes during walking in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy significantly increases risk of foot ulceration. Early detection of inflammation due to foot temperature and pressure changes from walking has shown to be a potentially effective strategy in prevention of foot ulcers. Therefore, a clinically feasible assessment of these changes is vital to measure pre-ulcerative inflammation and predict DFUs. The current study is aimed to validate effectiveness of an innovative fiber optics embedded smart textile for simultaneous measurement of plantar pressure and temperature. Methods: The study recruited 21 diabetic patients (Age: 57.8±7.9 years, BMI: 31.6±8.0 kg/m2, VPT: 26.8±15 volt, 68% diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy) at high risk for foot ulcers from Wound and Diabetic Foot Center at Hamad Medical Co. Doha. A series of sensors were juxtaposed on the length of an optical fiber integrated in a comfortable sock (Novinoor LLC, IL) for measuring temperature and pressure changes under anatomical regions of the heel, midfoot, 1st and 5th metatarsal heads, and big toe based on changes in wavelength of light. A thermal image was acquired after five-minute temperature acclimation before walking for validating temperature changes. Participants walked 200 steps to induce thermal stress and follow up thermal image was acquired. Participants also wore F-scan insoles (TekScan®Inc) during walk for pressure validation. Results: All the recruited patients perceived the device as comfortable. A significant correlation was observed between both pressure (r=0.67, p&lt;0.05) and temperature (r=0.55, p&lt;0.05) measurements between the sock and the reference systems under different anatomical regions of interest. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the proof of concept for an innovative smart textile in simultaneous assessment of the key parameters associated with risk of foot ulcer in patients with diabetes. Given the correlation values, additional studies will larger sample size is required to further validate and address whether the technology can predict and better manage diabetic foot ulcers.
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Papers by Saman Parvaneh