This study uses an operant, behavioral model to assess the daily changes in the decay rate of sho... more This study uses an operant, behavioral model to assess the daily changes in the decay rate of shortterm memory, motivation, and motor ability in rats exposed to chronic restraint. Restraint decreased reward-related motivation by 50% without altering memory decay rate or motor ability. Moreover, chronic restraint impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial memory on the Y maze (4-hr delay) and produced CA3 dendritic retraction without altering hippocampal-independent maze navigation (1min delay) or locomotion. Thus, mechanisms underlying motivation for food reward differ from those underlying Y maze exploration, and neurobiological substrates of spatial memory, such as the hippocampus, differ from those that underlie short-term memory. Chronic restraint produces functional, neuromorphological, and physiological alterations that parallel symptoms of depression in humans.
Adult male rats were fed a low or high fat diet and given psychosocial stress (crowded and unstab... more Adult male rats were fed a low or high fat diet and given psychosocial stress (crowded and unstable housing with daily predator exposure) for 3 weeks. Neither stress nor high fat diet, alone, produced dendritic atrophy; only the group given the combination of stress and high fat diet developed a reduction of the length and number of branch points of apical dendrites of CA3 neurons. These findings indicate that a synergy between high fat diet and stress caused a retraction of CA3 dendrites. The findings are consistent with work on peripheral (e.g., cardiovascular) systems demonstrating a synergy between stress and high fat diet, and are relevant toward understanding how diet and stress interact to adversely a¡ectbrain and memory processing.
Edebiyat ve sinema, sinemanın doğuşundan itibaren sürekli bir etkileşim içine Girmiştir. Ve girme... more Edebiyat ve sinema, sinemanın doğuşundan itibaren sürekli bir etkileşim içine Girmiştir. Ve girmeye de mecburdur.
This study uses an operant, behavioral model to assess the daily changes in the decay rate of sho... more This study uses an operant, behavioral model to assess the daily changes in the decay rate of shortterm memory, motivation, and motor ability in rats exposed to chronic restraint. Restraint decreased reward-related motivation by 50% without altering memory decay rate or motor ability. Moreover, chronic restraint impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial memory on the Y maze (4-hr delay) and produced CA3 dendritic retraction without altering hippocampal-independent maze navigation (1min delay) or locomotion. Thus, mechanisms underlying motivation for food reward differ from those underlying Y maze exploration, and neurobiological substrates of spatial memory, such as the hippocampus, differ from those that underlie short-term memory. Chronic restraint produces functional, neuromorphological, and physiological alterations that parallel symptoms of depression in humans.
Adult male rats were fed a low or high fat diet and given psychosocial stress (crowded and unstab... more Adult male rats were fed a low or high fat diet and given psychosocial stress (crowded and unstable housing with daily predator exposure) for 3 weeks. Neither stress nor high fat diet, alone, produced dendritic atrophy; only the group given the combination of stress and high fat diet developed a reduction of the length and number of branch points of apical dendrites of CA3 neurons. These findings indicate that a synergy between high fat diet and stress caused a retraction of CA3 dendrites. The findings are consistent with work on peripheral (e.g., cardiovascular) systems demonstrating a synergy between stress and high fat diet, and are relevant toward understanding how diet and stress interact to adversely a¡ectbrain and memory processing.
Edebiyat ve sinema, sinemanın doğuşundan itibaren sürekli bir etkileşim içine Girmiştir. Ve girme... more Edebiyat ve sinema, sinemanın doğuşundan itibaren sürekli bir etkileşim içine Girmiştir. Ve girmeye de mecburdur.
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