brian beseni

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I am a resourceful and enthusiastic budding scientist who is eager to learn and apply myself to different challenges. My most recent research work involves the elucidation, through in-vitro,in-vivo, ex-vio and molecular techniques, of some possible modes of action of selected phyto-compounds on diabetes. I believe that scientific validation, documentation and wide-spread dissemination of indigenous knowledge pertaining to medicine is vital for advancements of better health-care systems in African countries.

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Can Cimilli

Dokuz Eylül University

Peter Hobson

Queen Mary, University of London

David M. Kaplan

University of Toronto

SIVA UMAPATHY

Indian Institute of Science

Dr.Yousery Sherif

Mansoura University

Irina Kolesnik

Moscow State University

Professor Dr. Loutfy H . Madkour

Al-Baha University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Pranav Kumar Prabhakar

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY

Mustafa Odabasoglu

Pamukkale University

Sameh Rizk

Ain Shams University

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Papers by brian beseni

The antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of polyphenolic-rich extracts of Cyperus rotundus (Linn.)

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2021

In this study, the rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L was investigated for its antioxidant and antidia... more In this study, the rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L was investigated for its antioxidant and antidiabetic effects using in vitro and in silico experimental models. Its crude extracts (ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous) were screened in vitro for their antioxidant activity using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as their inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase enzyme. Subsequently, the extracts were subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to elucidate their possible bioactive compounds. Furthermore, computational molecular docking of selected phenolic compounds was conducted to determine their mode of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The aqueous extract displayed the highest level of total phenolic content and significantly higher scavenging activity in both FRAP and DPPH assays compared to ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. In FRAP and DPPH assays, IC50 values of aqueous extract were 448.626 µg/mL and 418.74 µg/mL, respectively. Aqueous extract further presented higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 383.75 µg/mL. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of the following phenolic compounds: 4-methyl-2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl) phenol, Phenol,2-methyl-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)- and 1-ethoxy-2-isopropylbenzene. Molecular docking study revealed 1-ethoxy-2-isopropylbenzene formed two hydrogen bonds with the interacting residues in the active site of α-glucosidase enzyme. Furthermore, 4-methyl-2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl) phenol had the lowest binding energy inferring the best affinity for α-glucosidase active site. These results suggest the possible antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Cyperus rotundus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Cola nitida infusion modulates cardiometabolic activities linked to cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats

Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2021

This study investigated the therapeutic mechanism of Cola nitida seeds on diabetic cardiomyopathy... more This study investigated the therapeutic mechanism of Cola nitida seeds on diabetic cardiomyopathy in hearts of diabetic rats. Type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats were treated with C. nitida infusion at 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (bw). The rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of treatment, and their hearts harvested. There was an upsurge in oxidative stress on induction of T2D as depicted by the depleted levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and elevated malondialdehyde level. The activities of acetylcholinesterase, and ATPase were significantly elevated, with suppressed ENTPDase and 5'nucleotodase activities in hearts of T2D rats depicting cholinergic and purinergic dysfunctions. Induction of T2D further led to elevated activity of ACE and altered myocardial morphology. Treatment with C. nitida infusion led to reversal of these biomarkers' activities and levels, while maintaining an intact morphology. The infusion caused decreased lipase activity and depletion of diabetes-generated cardiac lipid metabolites, while concomitantly generating saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, fatty esters and alcohols. There was also an inactivation of plasmalogen synthesis and mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long chain saturated fatty acids pathways in T2D rats treated with C. nitida infusion. These results indicate the therapeutic effect of C. nitida infusion against diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Sequential extracts of red honeybush ( Cyclopia genistoides ) tea: Chemical characterization, antioxidant potentials, and anti‐hyperglycemic activities

Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases whose hallmark characteristic is chronic ... more Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases whose hallmark characteristic is chronic hyperglycemia. It is caused by disorders of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or action (ADA, 2014; WHO, 1999). Diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and even failure of multiple organs in severe circumstances. Currently, around 90%

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Defatting of acetone leaf extract of Acacia karroo (Hayne) enhances its hypoglycaemic potential

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017

Background: Conventional drugs used to treat diabetes are too expensive, toxic and rarely availab... more Background: Conventional drugs used to treat diabetes are too expensive, toxic and rarely available to rural communities. This study was aimed at investigating the phytochemical differences and hypoglycaemic effects (α-amylase enzyme inhibition, glucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation and phosphorylation of MAPKs) of non-defatted and defatted acetone leaf extract of Acacia karroo. Methods: Qualitative phytochemical analyses of extracts were determined using standard chemical tests and total phenolic contents using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. Presence of antioxidant constituents was determined using DPPH scavenging and ferric reducing power assays. Alpha amylase enzyme inhibitory potential was determined chromogenically and cytotoxicity of the extracts on C2C12 muscle and 3T3-L1 cells using the MTT assay. Glucose uptake by the cells was determined colorimetrically and the most active extract was evaluated for its ability to translocate GLUT4 and MAPKs phosphorylation potential using immunofluorescence microscopy and dot blot analysis, respectively. Results: Phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and cardiac glycosides were detected in both extracts. Defatting of the plant material resulted in low amounts of phenols (0.432 ± 0.014 TAE/mg), DPPH scavenging activity (EC 50 0.40 ± 0. 012 mg/ml), low toxicity and high ferric reducing power (EC 50 1.13 ± 0.017 mg/ml), α-amylase enzyme inhibition (IC 50 30.2 ± 3.037 μg/ml) and glucose uptake by both cells. The defatted extract showed an increase in GLUT4 translocation (at 25 μg/ml) with decrease in Akt expression while in combination with insulin showed a decrease in GLUT4 translocation. A finding, that is implicative that the effect of the extract on GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 cells was not Akt dependent. The defatted extract in the absence and presence of insulin show varying phosphorylation levels of CREB, p38, GSK-3 and ERK2 which are important in cell survival and metabolism. Conclusion: This study represents the first report on the hypoglycemic potential of A. karroo and presence of compounds that can be exploited in the search for therapeutics with antidiabetic effect.

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Antioxidant, Antiglycation, and Hypoglycaemic Effect ofSeriphium plumosumCrude Plant Extracts

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017

Diabetes is a severely debilitating metabolic disorder characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. T... more Diabetes is a severely debilitating metabolic disorder characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. Traditional medicinal plants provide an important avenue for the development of novel antidiabetic agents. The antidiabetic potential of the methanol, acetone, and hexane extracts ofS. plumosumwas assessed using different parameters. These included secondary metabolite quantification, hypoglycaemic, cytotoxic effects, and GLUT4 translocation augmentation on C2C12 cells. The methanol extract contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds and showed enhanced antioxidant activity. The methanol extracts had the best DPPH scavenging (EC50= 0.72 mg/ml) and ferric reducing powers (EC50= 2.31 mg/ml). The hexane extract resulted in the highest glucose uptake activity of 35, 77% with respect to all other treatments after a 6-hour exposure period. Immunocytochemistry technique further revealed that the increased glucose utilisation may be due to increased membrane fused GLUT4...

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Potential Antiglycation and Hypoglycaemic Effects ofToona ciliataM. Roem. andSchkuhria pinnataLam. Thell. Crude Extracts in Differentiated C2C12 Cells

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019

Medicinal plants have been identified as a feasible avenue for the development of new potent anti... more Medicinal plants have been identified as a feasible avenue for the development of new potent antidiabetic agents. The phytoconstituent compositions of differentToona ciliataandSchkuhria pinnataextracts were determined and quantified using standard chemical methods after exhaustive extraction. Thereafter, their antioxidant and antiglycation potentials were spectrophotometrically determined. The cytotoxicity profiles of the extracts on C2C12 cells were determined using the MTT assay.Toona ciliatamethanol extract resulted in the highest percentage yield (20.83%) and high total phenols and flavonoids content in the methanol and acetone extracts compared toS. pinnataextracts. The acetone extract ofT. ciliatashowed good activity in the DPPH scavenging and FRAP assays with EC50values of 1.90 mg/ml and 5.26 mg/ml, respectively. Arbutin’s antiglycation ability was outperformed by treatments with the methanol, acetone, and hexane extract ofT. ciliatawhich resulted in 2.49%, 2.79%, and 2.56% g...

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The antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of polyphenolic-rich extracts of Cyperus rotundus (Linn.)

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2021