To design a lighter brake disc than the existing models used in general two wheelers is the main ... more To design a lighter brake disc than the existing models used in general two wheelers is the main objective of this paper. The newly optimized brake disc is compared with existing BAJAJ Discover125M disc. Topology optimization for weight reduction was performed by using Altair INSPIRE 9.5 software and the newly optimized disc was analyzed in ANSYS16.0.Using this method a new lightweight brake disc is designed. The results of the design shows that the weight of a new brake disc is 26.68% less as compared to the existing brake disc and it has similar performance as the existing disc.
In this research paper we consider the VANET infrastructure for communication and data transfer. ... more In this research paper we consider the VANET infrastructure for communication and data transfer. VANET is the infrastructure less network of vehicular node that are move from one place to another place and communicate with road side unit or other node or both road side unit and vehicular node. In real world scenario we see that vehicles are not follow the traffic rule and regulation, they can easily break limitation and rules. In our propose system we try to control the mobility and speed of vehicle by tracking and monitoring these vehicle with help of road side unit. The road side unit also communicates with POLICE, HOSPITAL and RTO office in any emergency situation
Ensemble learning methods for supervised machine learning have become trendy due to their ability... more Ensemble learning methods for supervised machine learning have become trendy due to their ability to accurately predict class labels with different learner methods. It offers efficient models for good predictive capability, which tend to be large and slight imminent into the patterns or structure in the data. In this research work, the ensemble learning technique is used as a classification task to accurately predict class labels. There are six different types of tomato diseases are predicted such as Anthracnose, Bacterial canker, Bacterial spot, Bacterial speck, Early blight and Late blight. Data are collected from the local market and the database is created with 600 images and 100 images for each disease. Various techniques like contrast enhancement in preprocessing, k-means is used for segmentation of tomato disease, color, statistical color features, color co-occurrence matrix and shape features are extracted and finally ensemble learning is used to accurately predicting tomato diseases. The experimental result shows that the proposed framework outperforms well in predicting tomato diseases using ensemble learning methods. An ensemble method for multi-class classification task is compared with various boosting and bagging ensemble methods.
Natural gas steam reforming due to the abundant availability of natural gas is the principal way ... more Natural gas steam reforming due to the abundant availability of natural gas is the principal way to produce hydrogen. Higher purity of hydrogen can be obtained with membrane reactor. An integrated membrane reactor that useNi(10)/CeLaZr catalyst supported on SSiC ceramic foam is analyzed in this research. Respect to other literature works, foam catalyst is used in place of common pellet catalyst to have better performance of the process with higher distribution of temperature. A rating mode is carried out founding the correct heat transfer coefficient of the reactor. A modeling of the reactor is carried out in Aspen Plus using the correlation presented in literature for the catalyst foam, Sieverts' law and Numaguchi kinetic. The commonly used Xu and Froment kinetic is replaced by Numaguchi kinetic. Results on reactor performance show satisfactory agreement with experimental data. A study of methane conversion, hydrogen recovery, temperature of reactor, hydrogen partial pressure versus reactor length and membrane permeability is performed. The membrane permeability has positive effect on methane conversion and hydrogen recovery. For the other parameters the effect is negative. Future works should optimize the operation of the integrated membrane reactor to have the higher hydrogen production and methane conversion.
Modification mathematical models of searching data, which we can use to find the data of the cent... more Modification mathematical models of searching data, which we can use to find the data of the centers of information resource, is given in this article. Also, this scientifically work is devoted to be observed the peculiarities of basic mathematical models which belong to the system of searching. The main component parts of these mathematical models are founded and they are called the technology of FSV. The model of searching data is divided three main directions and the model of based selections: the vector model, possible model and indication model have been observed. The integrated version for these direction models' CIR are given. The model of PageRank which it is used widely among web branch is also given and its main essence is exposed. New modification model is invited for graduating the document of the centers of information resource.
Polymers have always been considered as insulators of electricity. No one would have believed 30 ... more Polymers have always been considered as insulators of electricity. No one would have believed 30 years ago that polymers could conduct as good as metals. Electrically conducting polymers combine the electrical properties of metals with the advantages of polymers such as light weight, greater workability, resistance to corrosion and chemical attack and the lower cost and have infiltrated our day to day life with a wide range of products, extending from most common consumer goods to highly specialized applications in space, aeronautics, electronics and nonlinear optics. The main aim of this project is to synthesize a polymer nano-composite which has good mechanical strength as well as good electrical properties and to study the properties of the specimen with change in percentage of salt and nano-powder. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone a water soluble polymer will be used as a base polymer material and potassium or ammonium iodide will be used as doping agent. Alumina, aluminum nitride & nickel oxide (<50nm) nano-powder will be used to increase mechanical strength and dielectric properties of the specimen.
This research present the detection and segmentation of brain stroke using fuzzy c-means clusteri... more This research present the detection and segmentation of brain stroke using fuzzy c-means clustering and H2O deep learning algorithms. Brain stroke segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an evolving research area in the field of a medical imaging system. Brain stroke detection helps in finding the exact size, shape, extraction and location of the stroke. The system is consisting of three stages to detect and segment a brain stroke. An efficient algorithm is proposed for stroke detection based on segmentation and preprocessing techniques. The firstly quality of a scanned image is enhanced and then preprocessing techniques are applied to detect the stroke in the scanned image. In this system film artifacts removal, skull extraction and filtering methods are used to enhance the image. The second stage preprocessed image is segmented using fuzzy c-means clustering to obtain stroke region and edges are detected for accurate prediction of stroke location. After that edge detection operator is applied for boundary extraction and to find the size of the stroke, which helps doctors to make a decision about stroke location, size and etc. Finally, H2O deep learning method is used to classify stroke based on texture features and statistical features. The experimental result shows that the proposed work is performed well in detecting brain stroke efficiently.
In recent years composites are widely used in various engineering applications because of their h... more In recent years composites are widely used in various engineering applications because of their high stiffness to weight ratio which makes them lighter materials. The understanding of the static behaviour of composites is necessary for the proper utilization, thus from literature study it is observed that static and dynamic analysis of composite structures is carried out by various researchers. The present work aims at studying the static deflection of composite structure using MATLAB by Finite Elements Method. A simply supported laminated composite plate with point load acting at its centre is considered for present formulation. The number of elements and nodes are increased and the results obtained are validated and compared.
I.C engine piston is one of the most important and complex component in the engine. It is also so... more I.C engine piston is one of the most important and complex component in the engine. It is also sometimes referred as the heart of engine. It is widely used mainly in automotive and mechanical fields hence, a detailed study on its static behavior is important. This paper emphasizes on the static analysis of the piston head of a 4-stroke I.C engine. In the present work piston head is designed using CATIAV5R20 and this model is analyzed in ANSYS 14.5 and a study on its static behavior is performed. Aluminum alloy has been selected as piston material for structural analysis. The theoretical stress values obtained is compared with the stress values obtained after the analysis in ANSYS 14.5.
Laminated structures find many applications in various engineering fields namely aerospace, bio-m... more Laminated structures find many applications in various engineering fields namely aerospace, bio-medical, civil, marine and mechanical engineering due to easy handling, good mechanical properties and low fabrication cost. Laminated plates with round holes and other openings are extensively used as structural members in aircraft design. These holes are act sometimes as access holes, holes for hardware to pass through, or in the case of fuselage, windows and doors or simply used to reduce the weight of the structure. These laminated structures are often subjected to load in one or more direction in cycles or as intermittent load. Thus there is need to study the failure of these components under bi-axial loading with the view to optimize the shape and lay of the components so as they give maximum service and more life. In this paper bi-axial testing machine is developed to determine bucking load of different materials. Experiments are carried out on cross ply composite under various buckling loads on the bi-axial testing machine. The theoretical results, analytical and experimental results are compared with each other. It is observed that the strength of Bakelite composite plates is higher than glass epoxy laminated composite plate. So Bakelite is more suitable than glass epoxy.
Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world. The addition o... more Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world. The addition of mineral admixture and cement has dramatically increased along with the development of concretre industry due to the consideration of cost saving, energy saving, environmental protection and conservation of resources. However, environmental concerns both in terms of damage cost by the extraction of raw materials and carbon dioxide emission during cement manufacture have brought pressures to reduce cement consumption by the use of supplementary materials. So, to minimize the use of cement, there is a constant urge to find alternatives for cement. In recent years, there is an increase in the utilization of Metakaolin Fibre in concrete as replacement to cement by weight. Which has proven an increased compressive strength of atleast 10 to 20 %. However, the cost of Metakaolin Fibre is significantly higher than that of cement (3 to 4 times higher). So, taking into consideration the cost component of concrete, Pond Ash/ Fly Ash which is available in abundance and which is very cheap is used along with Metakaolin Fibre in preparation of concrete. The present report deals with the study of compressive strength of M25 grade concrete incorporating different percentage of Metakaolin Fibre by weight of cement along with pond ash. The results of study indicate that the strength of concrete mixes improved by 20-25%which also mitigate the higher costs required by Metakaolin Fibre.
The packing density approach is used to calculate the UHPC mix required for the study. The Partic... more The packing density approach is used to calculate the UHPC mix required for the study. The Particle Packing Approach is adopted to minimize the volume of cement paste by minimizing the volume of voids in concrete. The present experimental study is on the rheological behaviour of four design mixes UHPC in which two mixes are with coarse aggregates of 12.5mm downsize and other two mixes are without coarse aggregates. The behaviour in fresh state of each mix is studied by varying the paste content. The two mineral admixtures used in all the mixes are 10% micro silica and 5% metakaolin replacing cement by weight. Manufactured Sand (M-Sand) and quartz sand are used as fine aggregates. Quartz sands consist of particle size ranging from 150micron to 45micron. 1% to 2% Steel fibres are used in all the mixes to resist shrinkage cracks in concrete mix. Paste content for each water binder ratio (0.3, 0.26, 0.22) is calculated using particle packing mix approach The fresh properties of UHPC Slump test, J ring, L-box test, V-funnel test and U-box tests are conducted as per EFNARC 2005 for different paste content. Corresponding 3 day and 28 day of compressive strength for the each paste content is determined and achieve compressive strength of 119.5MPa for mix without coarse aggregate and 105.36 mix with coarse aggregate.
The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. fly ... more The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. fly ash bricks are better alternative to conventional burnt clay bricks in structural, functional and economic aspects. This industry has the potential to consume at least 50% of the ash production in India. By use of this aspect we can convert waste into wealth The main factors governing the strength of a brick structure include brick strength, mortar strength and elasticity, bricklayer workmanship, brick uniformity, and the method used to lay brick The cement mortar structures are weak in tension and strong in compression. Due to this the structure having low ductility and there are propagation of cracks. To avoid this problem generally narrow steel fiber, mild steel fiber, recron fibers, sugarcane bags fibers are used in the cement mortar to reinforced.. In this study ,investigations has been made to analyze the influence of bond strength on compressive strength of brick masonry and the compressive strength of brick prism of fly ash concrete brick with variation in percentage of Recron fiber with cement mortar of 1:6 and 1:8 ratio
The integrity of the ship depends on accurate assembly of the scuttle to the hull body. The worke... more The integrity of the ship depends on accurate assembly of the scuttle to the hull body. The workers face a great amount of difficulty in drilling the holes for mounting the scuttle on the hull body of the ship mostly due the lengthy and complicated procedure involved. This work provides a simplified procedure for drilling the holes and at the same time maintaining the accuracy of drilling. A special purpose drilling machine was designed, analyzed and fabricated to solve this issue.
Water is one of the basic needs of living beings. Generally water is available on the earth in th... more Water is one of the basic needs of living beings. Generally water is available on the earth in the form of salt water and fresh water. Fresh water available is in the form of frozen and unfrozen state. Unfrozen fresh water is found mainly as groundwater and surface water which only can be directly used. As the human population increases, water demand increases and the water scarcity problem arises. There are many remedial measures on the water scarcity which can be applied on each scale. The measures such as recycling of treated wastewater, conservation through minimizing water consumption and rainwater harvesting will help to reduce load on water demand.
Data hiding is widely used to hide information into covers such audio, video and image files. If ... more Data hiding is widely used to hide information into covers such audio, video and image files. If the embedded information is extracted without causing visible distortion to original cover, it is known as Reversible Data Hiding (RDH). In reversible data hiding (RDH), the original cover can be losslessly restored after the embedded information is extracted. Many approaches came into existence including rate-distortion bound approach. Recursive construction is one of the approaches for rate-distortion bound. This paper presents RDH approaches via recursive codes for binary covers and steganogrpahy for grayscale covers. We built a prototype application to demonstrate the efficiency of both models. The empirical results reveal that the proposed RDH schemes are effective and used for real time applications.
This Clay bricks are most commonly used in all kind of buildings such as for the load & non load ... more This Clay bricks are most commonly used in all kind of buildings such as for the load & non load bearing walls and columns .This bricks withstands high volume and increase the weight of the building. These are most commonly used to construct the walls and columns and in RC structure as non load bearing walls. This project is mainly based on replacement of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles filled with M-sand (Manufactured Sand) instead of bricks. The empty bottle alone cannot withstand the load, so it is filled with M-sand and Natural sand (N-sand) It is also known as pet bottle bricks. The strength obtained is greater than the bricks. It reduces the carbon emissions during burning of clay brick during the manufacture of brick. It is eco friendly and energy efficient. The cost comparison also done between normal clay brick work with PET bottle brick work for cement mortar ratio of 1:3 masonry
In many practical applications of DSP, there is a problem of changing the sampling rate of a sign... more In many practical applications of DSP, there is a problem of changing the sampling rate of a signal, either increasing it or decreasing it by some amount. For example, Telecommunication system transmits and receives different types of signals (e.g. fax, speech, video, etc), so there is a requirement to process the various signals at the different rates with corresponding bandwidth of the signals. The process of converting a signal from a given rate to a different rate is called as " sampling rate conversion " and the systems that employ multiple sampling rates in the processing of digital signals are called as " Multirate DSP systems ". ". Digital audio engineering is an area that has benefited significantly from Multirate techniques. For example, they are used in the compact disc player to simplify the D/A conversion processes, while at the same time maintaining the quality of the reproduced sound. This project is based on to design and development of highly efficient Multirate digital filter structures for filtration of noisy signal in which the high sampling rate is decreased to the desired lower sampling rate. Digital filters such as IIR filter, FIR filter and CIC filter is designed and taking their performance in case of magnitude response, step response, impulse response, pole-zero plot, filter coefficients, storage requirements, hardware requirements, number of stages and simulated waveforms for same input specifications. Finally compare them and discuss the advantages and limitations of these filters. These filter structures designed in the Simulink model in Matlab 2012a environment.
Optimized Design of Steel Pipe rack supporting structures in an Oil & Gas Industry is complex as ... more Optimized Design of Steel Pipe rack supporting structures in an Oil & Gas Industry is complex as one of the most important parts of structural systems for safe and stable production processes have been studied in this paper. In this thesis we have tried to design the Steel Pipe rack as per International standards which has been accepted most part of the world. Transverse direction is considered as Moment frame and Longitudinal as Shear connection to tackle the loading as per piping stress analysis. Plan bracing is provided in top and bottom tier so that lateral deflection can be optimized and distributed to the Anchor bay location. Anchor bay is provided in every Steel structure at maximum interval of. Vertical bracing is provided up to top tier on both Transverse and longitudinal direction so that all the lateral forces get transferred through this vertical bracing to the base. Fireproofing criteria has been also considered as per International standard to tackle fire hazard. The Structure has been designed in two parts as Strength design and Serviceability design for proper analysis and design of structure. Base Plate and Pedestal has been designed as per AISC codes considering support reactions. Then the Footing is designed in Staad Foundation by importing Staad model to get optimized footing design.
Productivity Improvement is one of the most important factors for an organization to survive in t... more Productivity Improvement is one of the most important factors for an organization to survive in this growing competition. Globalization has given rise to new standards for products and the demands of the customers have to be met keeping the appropriate standards for quality, variety and other factors that have become mandatory for the organization to have an edge over the others. A literature review has hence been carried on the importance of productivity improvement in an organization, the various methods adopted for the purpose of the improvement. The various methods have been discussed in detail with their outcomes on the productivity of various organizations
To design a lighter brake disc than the existing models used in general two wheelers is the main ... more To design a lighter brake disc than the existing models used in general two wheelers is the main objective of this paper. The newly optimized brake disc is compared with existing BAJAJ Discover125M disc. Topology optimization for weight reduction was performed by using Altair INSPIRE 9.5 software and the newly optimized disc was analyzed in ANSYS16.0.Using this method a new lightweight brake disc is designed. The results of the design shows that the weight of a new brake disc is 26.68% less as compared to the existing brake disc and it has similar performance as the existing disc.
In this research paper we consider the VANET infrastructure for communication and data transfer. ... more In this research paper we consider the VANET infrastructure for communication and data transfer. VANET is the infrastructure less network of vehicular node that are move from one place to another place and communicate with road side unit or other node or both road side unit and vehicular node. In real world scenario we see that vehicles are not follow the traffic rule and regulation, they can easily break limitation and rules. In our propose system we try to control the mobility and speed of vehicle by tracking and monitoring these vehicle with help of road side unit. The road side unit also communicates with POLICE, HOSPITAL and RTO office in any emergency situation
Ensemble learning methods for supervised machine learning have become trendy due to their ability... more Ensemble learning methods for supervised machine learning have become trendy due to their ability to accurately predict class labels with different learner methods. It offers efficient models for good predictive capability, which tend to be large and slight imminent into the patterns or structure in the data. In this research work, the ensemble learning technique is used as a classification task to accurately predict class labels. There are six different types of tomato diseases are predicted such as Anthracnose, Bacterial canker, Bacterial spot, Bacterial speck, Early blight and Late blight. Data are collected from the local market and the database is created with 600 images and 100 images for each disease. Various techniques like contrast enhancement in preprocessing, k-means is used for segmentation of tomato disease, color, statistical color features, color co-occurrence matrix and shape features are extracted and finally ensemble learning is used to accurately predicting tomato diseases. The experimental result shows that the proposed framework outperforms well in predicting tomato diseases using ensemble learning methods. An ensemble method for multi-class classification task is compared with various boosting and bagging ensemble methods.
Natural gas steam reforming due to the abundant availability of natural gas is the principal way ... more Natural gas steam reforming due to the abundant availability of natural gas is the principal way to produce hydrogen. Higher purity of hydrogen can be obtained with membrane reactor. An integrated membrane reactor that useNi(10)/CeLaZr catalyst supported on SSiC ceramic foam is analyzed in this research. Respect to other literature works, foam catalyst is used in place of common pellet catalyst to have better performance of the process with higher distribution of temperature. A rating mode is carried out founding the correct heat transfer coefficient of the reactor. A modeling of the reactor is carried out in Aspen Plus using the correlation presented in literature for the catalyst foam, Sieverts' law and Numaguchi kinetic. The commonly used Xu and Froment kinetic is replaced by Numaguchi kinetic. Results on reactor performance show satisfactory agreement with experimental data. A study of methane conversion, hydrogen recovery, temperature of reactor, hydrogen partial pressure versus reactor length and membrane permeability is performed. The membrane permeability has positive effect on methane conversion and hydrogen recovery. For the other parameters the effect is negative. Future works should optimize the operation of the integrated membrane reactor to have the higher hydrogen production and methane conversion.
Modification mathematical models of searching data, which we can use to find the data of the cent... more Modification mathematical models of searching data, which we can use to find the data of the centers of information resource, is given in this article. Also, this scientifically work is devoted to be observed the peculiarities of basic mathematical models which belong to the system of searching. The main component parts of these mathematical models are founded and they are called the technology of FSV. The model of searching data is divided three main directions and the model of based selections: the vector model, possible model and indication model have been observed. The integrated version for these direction models' CIR are given. The model of PageRank which it is used widely among web branch is also given and its main essence is exposed. New modification model is invited for graduating the document of the centers of information resource.
Polymers have always been considered as insulators of electricity. No one would have believed 30 ... more Polymers have always been considered as insulators of electricity. No one would have believed 30 years ago that polymers could conduct as good as metals. Electrically conducting polymers combine the electrical properties of metals with the advantages of polymers such as light weight, greater workability, resistance to corrosion and chemical attack and the lower cost and have infiltrated our day to day life with a wide range of products, extending from most common consumer goods to highly specialized applications in space, aeronautics, electronics and nonlinear optics. The main aim of this project is to synthesize a polymer nano-composite which has good mechanical strength as well as good electrical properties and to study the properties of the specimen with change in percentage of salt and nano-powder. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone a water soluble polymer will be used as a base polymer material and potassium or ammonium iodide will be used as doping agent. Alumina, aluminum nitride & nickel oxide (<50nm) nano-powder will be used to increase mechanical strength and dielectric properties of the specimen.
This research present the detection and segmentation of brain stroke using fuzzy c-means clusteri... more This research present the detection and segmentation of brain stroke using fuzzy c-means clustering and H2O deep learning algorithms. Brain stroke segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an evolving research area in the field of a medical imaging system. Brain stroke detection helps in finding the exact size, shape, extraction and location of the stroke. The system is consisting of three stages to detect and segment a brain stroke. An efficient algorithm is proposed for stroke detection based on segmentation and preprocessing techniques. The firstly quality of a scanned image is enhanced and then preprocessing techniques are applied to detect the stroke in the scanned image. In this system film artifacts removal, skull extraction and filtering methods are used to enhance the image. The second stage preprocessed image is segmented using fuzzy c-means clustering to obtain stroke region and edges are detected for accurate prediction of stroke location. After that edge detection operator is applied for boundary extraction and to find the size of the stroke, which helps doctors to make a decision about stroke location, size and etc. Finally, H2O deep learning method is used to classify stroke based on texture features and statistical features. The experimental result shows that the proposed work is performed well in detecting brain stroke efficiently.
In recent years composites are widely used in various engineering applications because of their h... more In recent years composites are widely used in various engineering applications because of their high stiffness to weight ratio which makes them lighter materials. The understanding of the static behaviour of composites is necessary for the proper utilization, thus from literature study it is observed that static and dynamic analysis of composite structures is carried out by various researchers. The present work aims at studying the static deflection of composite structure using MATLAB by Finite Elements Method. A simply supported laminated composite plate with point load acting at its centre is considered for present formulation. The number of elements and nodes are increased and the results obtained are validated and compared.
I.C engine piston is one of the most important and complex component in the engine. It is also so... more I.C engine piston is one of the most important and complex component in the engine. It is also sometimes referred as the heart of engine. It is widely used mainly in automotive and mechanical fields hence, a detailed study on its static behavior is important. This paper emphasizes on the static analysis of the piston head of a 4-stroke I.C engine. In the present work piston head is designed using CATIAV5R20 and this model is analyzed in ANSYS 14.5 and a study on its static behavior is performed. Aluminum alloy has been selected as piston material for structural analysis. The theoretical stress values obtained is compared with the stress values obtained after the analysis in ANSYS 14.5.
Laminated structures find many applications in various engineering fields namely aerospace, bio-m... more Laminated structures find many applications in various engineering fields namely aerospace, bio-medical, civil, marine and mechanical engineering due to easy handling, good mechanical properties and low fabrication cost. Laminated plates with round holes and other openings are extensively used as structural members in aircraft design. These holes are act sometimes as access holes, holes for hardware to pass through, or in the case of fuselage, windows and doors or simply used to reduce the weight of the structure. These laminated structures are often subjected to load in one or more direction in cycles or as intermittent load. Thus there is need to study the failure of these components under bi-axial loading with the view to optimize the shape and lay of the components so as they give maximum service and more life. In this paper bi-axial testing machine is developed to determine bucking load of different materials. Experiments are carried out on cross ply composite under various buckling loads on the bi-axial testing machine. The theoretical results, analytical and experimental results are compared with each other. It is observed that the strength of Bakelite composite plates is higher than glass epoxy laminated composite plate. So Bakelite is more suitable than glass epoxy.
Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world. The addition o... more Concrete is probably the most extensively used construction material in the world. The addition of mineral admixture and cement has dramatically increased along with the development of concretre industry due to the consideration of cost saving, energy saving, environmental protection and conservation of resources. However, environmental concerns both in terms of damage cost by the extraction of raw materials and carbon dioxide emission during cement manufacture have brought pressures to reduce cement consumption by the use of supplementary materials. So, to minimize the use of cement, there is a constant urge to find alternatives for cement. In recent years, there is an increase in the utilization of Metakaolin Fibre in concrete as replacement to cement by weight. Which has proven an increased compressive strength of atleast 10 to 20 %. However, the cost of Metakaolin Fibre is significantly higher than that of cement (3 to 4 times higher). So, taking into consideration the cost component of concrete, Pond Ash/ Fly Ash which is available in abundance and which is very cheap is used along with Metakaolin Fibre in preparation of concrete. The present report deals with the study of compressive strength of M25 grade concrete incorporating different percentage of Metakaolin Fibre by weight of cement along with pond ash. The results of study indicate that the strength of concrete mixes improved by 20-25%which also mitigate the higher costs required by Metakaolin Fibre.
The packing density approach is used to calculate the UHPC mix required for the study. The Partic... more The packing density approach is used to calculate the UHPC mix required for the study. The Particle Packing Approach is adopted to minimize the volume of cement paste by minimizing the volume of voids in concrete. The present experimental study is on the rheological behaviour of four design mixes UHPC in which two mixes are with coarse aggregates of 12.5mm downsize and other two mixes are without coarse aggregates. The behaviour in fresh state of each mix is studied by varying the paste content. The two mineral admixtures used in all the mixes are 10% micro silica and 5% metakaolin replacing cement by weight. Manufactured Sand (M-Sand) and quartz sand are used as fine aggregates. Quartz sands consist of particle size ranging from 150micron to 45micron. 1% to 2% Steel fibres are used in all the mixes to resist shrinkage cracks in concrete mix. Paste content for each water binder ratio (0.3, 0.26, 0.22) is calculated using particle packing mix approach The fresh properties of UHPC Slump test, J ring, L-box test, V-funnel test and U-box tests are conducted as per EFNARC 2005 for different paste content. Corresponding 3 day and 28 day of compressive strength for the each paste content is determined and achieve compressive strength of 119.5MPa for mix without coarse aggregate and 105.36 mix with coarse aggregate.
The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. fly ... more The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. fly ash bricks are better alternative to conventional burnt clay bricks in structural, functional and economic aspects. This industry has the potential to consume at least 50% of the ash production in India. By use of this aspect we can convert waste into wealth The main factors governing the strength of a brick structure include brick strength, mortar strength and elasticity, bricklayer workmanship, brick uniformity, and the method used to lay brick The cement mortar structures are weak in tension and strong in compression. Due to this the structure having low ductility and there are propagation of cracks. To avoid this problem generally narrow steel fiber, mild steel fiber, recron fibers, sugarcane bags fibers are used in the cement mortar to reinforced.. In this study ,investigations has been made to analyze the influence of bond strength on compressive strength of brick masonry and the compressive strength of brick prism of fly ash concrete brick with variation in percentage of Recron fiber with cement mortar of 1:6 and 1:8 ratio
The integrity of the ship depends on accurate assembly of the scuttle to the hull body. The worke... more The integrity of the ship depends on accurate assembly of the scuttle to the hull body. The workers face a great amount of difficulty in drilling the holes for mounting the scuttle on the hull body of the ship mostly due the lengthy and complicated procedure involved. This work provides a simplified procedure for drilling the holes and at the same time maintaining the accuracy of drilling. A special purpose drilling machine was designed, analyzed and fabricated to solve this issue.
Water is one of the basic needs of living beings. Generally water is available on the earth in th... more Water is one of the basic needs of living beings. Generally water is available on the earth in the form of salt water and fresh water. Fresh water available is in the form of frozen and unfrozen state. Unfrozen fresh water is found mainly as groundwater and surface water which only can be directly used. As the human population increases, water demand increases and the water scarcity problem arises. There are many remedial measures on the water scarcity which can be applied on each scale. The measures such as recycling of treated wastewater, conservation through minimizing water consumption and rainwater harvesting will help to reduce load on water demand.
Data hiding is widely used to hide information into covers such audio, video and image files. If ... more Data hiding is widely used to hide information into covers such audio, video and image files. If the embedded information is extracted without causing visible distortion to original cover, it is known as Reversible Data Hiding (RDH). In reversible data hiding (RDH), the original cover can be losslessly restored after the embedded information is extracted. Many approaches came into existence including rate-distortion bound approach. Recursive construction is one of the approaches for rate-distortion bound. This paper presents RDH approaches via recursive codes for binary covers and steganogrpahy for grayscale covers. We built a prototype application to demonstrate the efficiency of both models. The empirical results reveal that the proposed RDH schemes are effective and used for real time applications.
This Clay bricks are most commonly used in all kind of buildings such as for the load & non load ... more This Clay bricks are most commonly used in all kind of buildings such as for the load & non load bearing walls and columns .This bricks withstands high volume and increase the weight of the building. These are most commonly used to construct the walls and columns and in RC structure as non load bearing walls. This project is mainly based on replacement of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bottles filled with M-sand (Manufactured Sand) instead of bricks. The empty bottle alone cannot withstand the load, so it is filled with M-sand and Natural sand (N-sand) It is also known as pet bottle bricks. The strength obtained is greater than the bricks. It reduces the carbon emissions during burning of clay brick during the manufacture of brick. It is eco friendly and energy efficient. The cost comparison also done between normal clay brick work with PET bottle brick work for cement mortar ratio of 1:3 masonry
In many practical applications of DSP, there is a problem of changing the sampling rate of a sign... more In many practical applications of DSP, there is a problem of changing the sampling rate of a signal, either increasing it or decreasing it by some amount. For example, Telecommunication system transmits and receives different types of signals (e.g. fax, speech, video, etc), so there is a requirement to process the various signals at the different rates with corresponding bandwidth of the signals. The process of converting a signal from a given rate to a different rate is called as " sampling rate conversion " and the systems that employ multiple sampling rates in the processing of digital signals are called as " Multirate DSP systems ". ". Digital audio engineering is an area that has benefited significantly from Multirate techniques. For example, they are used in the compact disc player to simplify the D/A conversion processes, while at the same time maintaining the quality of the reproduced sound. This project is based on to design and development of highly efficient Multirate digital filter structures for filtration of noisy signal in which the high sampling rate is decreased to the desired lower sampling rate. Digital filters such as IIR filter, FIR filter and CIC filter is designed and taking their performance in case of magnitude response, step response, impulse response, pole-zero plot, filter coefficients, storage requirements, hardware requirements, number of stages and simulated waveforms for same input specifications. Finally compare them and discuss the advantages and limitations of these filters. These filter structures designed in the Simulink model in Matlab 2012a environment.
Optimized Design of Steel Pipe rack supporting structures in an Oil & Gas Industry is complex as ... more Optimized Design of Steel Pipe rack supporting structures in an Oil & Gas Industry is complex as one of the most important parts of structural systems for safe and stable production processes have been studied in this paper. In this thesis we have tried to design the Steel Pipe rack as per International standards which has been accepted most part of the world. Transverse direction is considered as Moment frame and Longitudinal as Shear connection to tackle the loading as per piping stress analysis. Plan bracing is provided in top and bottom tier so that lateral deflection can be optimized and distributed to the Anchor bay location. Anchor bay is provided in every Steel structure at maximum interval of. Vertical bracing is provided up to top tier on both Transverse and longitudinal direction so that all the lateral forces get transferred through this vertical bracing to the base. Fireproofing criteria has been also considered as per International standard to tackle fire hazard. The Structure has been designed in two parts as Strength design and Serviceability design for proper analysis and design of structure. Base Plate and Pedestal has been designed as per AISC codes considering support reactions. Then the Footing is designed in Staad Foundation by importing Staad model to get optimized footing design.
Productivity Improvement is one of the most important factors for an organization to survive in t... more Productivity Improvement is one of the most important factors for an organization to survive in this growing competition. Globalization has given rise to new standards for products and the demands of the customers have to be met keeping the appropriate standards for quality, variety and other factors that have become mandatory for the organization to have an edge over the others. A literature review has hence been carried on the importance of productivity improvement in an organization, the various methods adopted for the purpose of the improvement. The various methods have been discussed in detail with their outcomes on the productivity of various organizations
In radio access networks, mobile devices access internet content through base stations, which are... more In radio access networks, mobile devices access internet content through base stations, which are connected to the internet via gateway routers. A number of studies have been carried out to improve the performance of internet access by mobile hosts. Among these, caching of popular web documents at locations close to the mobile clients is an effective method. The benefits of caching data in the core network of mobile carrier have been investigated in the literature. There has been some research in caching of videos for online video sites like YouTube, which aims at improving the performance of the mobile internet access networks. Caching of Most Popular Videos (MPV) together with LRU (Least Recently Used)-replacing the least recently used video when cache is full-algorithm is an efficient method for large sized caches which are only possible for internet content delivery networks. Caching algorithms for ad-hoc networks has also been developed. These are not applicable for radio access networks. This paper investigates the effectiveness of placing caches at base stations in cellular networks and considers the UPP (User Preference Profile) of each cell-site for caching of videos.
One of the serious problems faced in several applications with personal details management, custo... more One of the serious problems faced in several applications with personal details management, customer affiliation management, data mining, etc is duplicate detection. This survey deals with the various duplicate record detection techniques in both small and large datasets. To detect the duplicity with less time of execution and also without disturbing the dataset quality, methods like Progressive Blocking and Progressive Neighborhood are used. Progressive sorted neighborhood method also called as PSNM is used in this model for finding or detecting the duplicate in a parallel approach. Progressive Blocking algorithm works on large datasets where finding duplication requires immense time. These algorithms are used to enhance duplicate detection system. The efficiency can be doubled over the conventional duplicate detection method using this algorithm. Several different methods of data analysis are studied here with various approaches for duplicate detection.
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