International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2011
Purpose-To analyze the toxicity and patterns of failure of proton therapy given in ablative doses... more Purpose-To analyze the toxicity and patterns of failure of proton therapy given in ablative doses for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
BACKGROUND-We sought here to improve the toxicity of conventional concurrent chemoradiation thera... more BACKGROUND-We sought here to improve the toxicity of conventional concurrent chemoradiation therapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using proton-beam therapy to escalate the radiation dose to the tumor. We report early results of a phase II study of high-dose proton therapy and concurrent chemotherapy in terms of toxicity, failure patterns, and survival.
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2009
Purpose/Objective(s): To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic body... more Purpose/Objective(s): To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in old patients (age $65 years) with Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Materials/Methods: Forty-nine patients with medically inoperable Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer underwent treatment using the stereotactic gamma-ray whole-body therapy system (Body Gamma-Knife Radiosurgery) with 30 rotary conical-surface Co 60 sources focused on the target volume. Low-speed CT simulation was conducted, which was followed by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy planning. A total dose of 48 Gy (range, 39-57 Gy) was delivered at 4 Gy/fraction(range, 2.5-6 Gy/fraction) to the 50% isodose line covering the planning target volume of tumor, while a total dose of 41 Gy (range, 30-52 Gy) was delivered at 3.5 Gy/fraction(range, 3-5 Gy/fraction) to the planning target volume of metastatic lymph nodes. SBRT was given with five fractions a week and was completed within three weeks. The objective response was evaluated three to six months at completion of SBRT, overall survival and relapse-free survival was acquired with the median follow-up of 24 months. Results: The objective response rate was 69.4% (complete response: 26.5%, 13/49; partial response: 42.9%, 21/49) and median survival was 22 months. The 1-year, 2-year relapse-free survival rates were 95.5% in all patients. The 1-year, 2-year overall survival rates were 61.2% and 43.0%, respectively. There was no severe pulmonary and esophagus acute radiation reaction. Only 5.3% (1/49) of the patients occurred Grade 3 esophageal late radiation reaction. Conclusions: Body Gamma Knife Therapy with a highly focused SBRT technique resulted in promising local control with minimal toxicity for old patients (age $65 years) with Stage III inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. TX Purpose/Objective(s): Local failure rates after conventional photon therapy (60 Gy) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exceed 50%. Dose escalation can improve local control and potentially survival but toxicity is significant, particularly when S446 I.
Proceedings of the 28th Ieee Conference on Global Telecommunications, 2009
In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for Physical layer Assisted message Authentication ... more In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for Physical layer Assisted message Authentication (PAA) under public key infrastructure (PKI) in vehicular communication networks. The proposed framework takes advantage of temporal and spatial uniqueness in physical layer channel responses for each transmission pair, in which a trust between two vehicles can be maintained by comparing the current estimated channel response and the previous estimated channel response. We will show that the proposed message authentication framework can achieve extremely high efficiency and minimal authentication delay without compromising the security requirements, which is further verified through both analysis and simulation.
Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China, 2006
Based on the generalized Chirp-like sequences, the product technique is extensively used to const... more Based on the generalized Chirp-like sequences, the product technique is extensively used to construct a new family of spreading sequences, and its correlation property is verified. The results show that among the proposed sequences, there are subclasses of sequences with a zero-correlation zone, which can be used in quasisynchronous-code division multiple access systems.
The authors present the results of nitriding of medium carbon steel at a low temperature of 573 K... more The authors present the results of nitriding of medium carbon steel at a low temperature of 573 K by using the surface-alternating current nanocrystalline treatment (SACNT), which is much lower than conventional nitriding temperature (about 773 K). The SACNT induces electrovalent bond to part by means of the iron ion transgressing, and the surface evolves to ultrafine grain layer. The nanostructured surface layer enhances the nitriding kinetics of pre-treated medium carbon steel. The samples were characterized by metallographic testing (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope (OM)), microhardness tester and X-ray diffraction. r
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine, Mar 1, 1999
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of valsartan in protecting the renal lesion of diabetic r... more OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of valsartan in protecting the renal lesion of diabetic rats.METHODS: The following groups of rats were studied: normal control rats, streptozotocin diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with valsartan (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Mean arterial pressure, plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum creatinine, urinary albumin, ACE activity and Ang II concentration of kidney as well as profile of kidney hypertrophy were observed after 2, 4, 8 weeks of treatment, while TGF beta(1) mRNA expression of kidney cortex was assessed by Northern blot analysis, TGF beta(1), fibronectin and collagen IV expression were measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Serum creatinine level (P < 0.05), urinary albumin excretion and kidney hypertrophy index (P < 0.01) of valsartan treated group were significantly lower than those of diabetic untreated group. There was a significant increase in mRNA expression of TGF beta(1) and protein expression of of TGF beta(1) fibronectin and collagen IV in diabetic rats (P < 0.01). The expression of TGF beta(1) mRNA and protein (P < 0.01) as well as the protein expression of fibronectin and collagen IV (P < 0.05) in the valsartan group were much lower than that in the diabetic group.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that valsartan has some renal protective effect on diabetes in rats, partly through down-regulating TGF beta(1) expression and reducing deposition of glomerular ECM.
ABSTRACT In most sensing applications, the measurements generated by sensor networks are noisy an... more ABSTRACT In most sensing applications, the measurements generated by sensor networks are noisy and usually annotated with some measure of uncertainty. The question that we address in this paper is how to estimate the accuracy of these uncertain sensor measurements. Existing studies on estimating the accuracy of uncertain measurements in real sensing applications are limited in three ways. First, they tend to be application-specific. Second, they typically employ learning techniques to estimate the parameters of sensor noise models, and ignore alternative state estimation approaches without learning. Third, they do not explore whether exploiting the dynamics of the monitored state can yield significant benefits. We address the above limitations as follows: we define the accuracy estimation problem in a general manner that applies to a broad spectrum of application scenarios. We present a general framework to address this problem, and show that the proposed framework can be implemented in a number of different ways. We evaluate and compare the different implementations in the context of two real sensing scenarios, and discuss how they trade accuracy for computation cost, and how this trade-off largely depends on the user’s knowledge of the application scenario.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi Guang Pu, Apr 1, 2010
The rise and decay curves of Er3+ 4F9/2 upconversion emission in oxyfluoride tellurite glass were... more The rise and decay curves of Er3+ 4F9/2 upconversion emission in oxyfluoride tellurite glass were measured under the excitation at 808 nm from a laser diode driven by square waves. The lifetime of the intermediate state could be determined via rise times. Then the accumulation process of the 4F9/2 population was confirmed. The excitation mechanism of up-conversion red emission under 808 nm excitation was confirmed by the rate equations and analyzing the relationship between the time constants of the rise and decay processes and the intermediate state. Square wave excited upconversion emission may also be used for measuring lifetimes of infrared energy levels with a conventional photomultiplier tube.
Ieee Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2015
ABSTRACT Indoor wireless systems often operate under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions that can... more ABSTRACT Indoor wireless systems often operate under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions that can cause ranging errors for location-based applications. As such, these applications could benefit greatly from NLOS identification and mitigation techniques. These techniques have been primarily investigated for ultra-wide band (UWB) systems, but little attention has been paid to WiFi systems, which are far more prevalent in practice. In this study, we address the NLOS identification and mitigation problems using multiple received signal strength (RSS) measurements from WiFi signals. Key to our approach is exploiting several statistical features of the RSS time series, which are shown to be particularly effective. We develop and compare two algorithms based on machine learning and a third based on hypothesis testing to separate LOS/NLOS measurements. Extensive experiments in various indoor environments show that our techniques can distinguish between LOS/NLOS conditions with an accuracy of around 95%. Furthermore, the presented techniques improve distance estimation accuracy by 60% as compared to state-of-the-art NLOS mitigation techniques. Finally, improvements in distance estimation accuracy of 50% are achieved even without environment-specific training data, demonstrating the practicality of our approach to real world implementations.
Yao Xue Xue Bao Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, Nov 1, 2011
In this study, daphnetin and its major metabolites in the intestinal wall of rats were identified... more In this study, daphnetin and its major metabolites in the intestinal wall of rats were identified by liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. Perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected separately for 2 hours from the rat intestine following perfusion with daphnetin. The metabolites of daphnetin in the perfusion fluid of different intestine segments were analyzed by the liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. It is shown that the parent drug daphnetin and four metabolites were found in the perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum and ileum. However, no metabolites were found in the colon. Among the four metabolites, two daphnetin sulfates (m/z 257) were first discovered as the phase II metabolites of daphnetin in rats, which revealed a new way of daphnetin metabolism in rats.
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2011
Purpose-To analyze the toxicity and patterns of failure of proton therapy given in ablative doses... more Purpose-To analyze the toxicity and patterns of failure of proton therapy given in ablative doses for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
BACKGROUND-We sought here to improve the toxicity of conventional concurrent chemoradiation thera... more BACKGROUND-We sought here to improve the toxicity of conventional concurrent chemoradiation therapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using proton-beam therapy to escalate the radiation dose to the tumor. We report early results of a phase II study of high-dose proton therapy and concurrent chemotherapy in terms of toxicity, failure patterns, and survival.
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2009
Purpose/Objective(s): To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic body... more Purpose/Objective(s): To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in old patients (age $65 years) with Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Materials/Methods: Forty-nine patients with medically inoperable Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer underwent treatment using the stereotactic gamma-ray whole-body therapy system (Body Gamma-Knife Radiosurgery) with 30 rotary conical-surface Co 60 sources focused on the target volume. Low-speed CT simulation was conducted, which was followed by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy planning. A total dose of 48 Gy (range, 39-57 Gy) was delivered at 4 Gy/fraction(range, 2.5-6 Gy/fraction) to the 50% isodose line covering the planning target volume of tumor, while a total dose of 41 Gy (range, 30-52 Gy) was delivered at 3.5 Gy/fraction(range, 3-5 Gy/fraction) to the planning target volume of metastatic lymph nodes. SBRT was given with five fractions a week and was completed within three weeks. The objective response was evaluated three to six months at completion of SBRT, overall survival and relapse-free survival was acquired with the median follow-up of 24 months. Results: The objective response rate was 69.4% (complete response: 26.5%, 13/49; partial response: 42.9%, 21/49) and median survival was 22 months. The 1-year, 2-year relapse-free survival rates were 95.5% in all patients. The 1-year, 2-year overall survival rates were 61.2% and 43.0%, respectively. There was no severe pulmonary and esophagus acute radiation reaction. Only 5.3% (1/49) of the patients occurred Grade 3 esophageal late radiation reaction. Conclusions: Body Gamma Knife Therapy with a highly focused SBRT technique resulted in promising local control with minimal toxicity for old patients (age $65 years) with Stage III inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. TX Purpose/Objective(s): Local failure rates after conventional photon therapy (60 Gy) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exceed 50%. Dose escalation can improve local control and potentially survival but toxicity is significant, particularly when S446 I.
Proceedings of the 28th Ieee Conference on Global Telecommunications, 2009
In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for Physical layer Assisted message Authentication ... more In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for Physical layer Assisted message Authentication (PAA) under public key infrastructure (PKI) in vehicular communication networks. The proposed framework takes advantage of temporal and spatial uniqueness in physical layer channel responses for each transmission pair, in which a trust between two vehicles can be maintained by comparing the current estimated channel response and the previous estimated channel response. We will show that the proposed message authentication framework can achieve extremely high efficiency and minimal authentication delay without compromising the security requirements, which is further verified through both analysis and simulation.
Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China, 2006
Based on the generalized Chirp-like sequences, the product technique is extensively used to const... more Based on the generalized Chirp-like sequences, the product technique is extensively used to construct a new family of spreading sequences, and its correlation property is verified. The results show that among the proposed sequences, there are subclasses of sequences with a zero-correlation zone, which can be used in quasisynchronous-code division multiple access systems.
The authors present the results of nitriding of medium carbon steel at a low temperature of 573 K... more The authors present the results of nitriding of medium carbon steel at a low temperature of 573 K by using the surface-alternating current nanocrystalline treatment (SACNT), which is much lower than conventional nitriding temperature (about 773 K). The SACNT induces electrovalent bond to part by means of the iron ion transgressing, and the surface evolves to ultrafine grain layer. The nanostructured surface layer enhances the nitriding kinetics of pre-treated medium carbon steel. The samples were characterized by metallographic testing (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope (OM)), microhardness tester and X-ray diffraction. r
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine, Mar 1, 1999
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of valsartan in protecting the renal lesion of diabetic r... more OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of valsartan in protecting the renal lesion of diabetic rats.METHODS: The following groups of rats were studied: normal control rats, streptozotocin diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with valsartan (8 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Mean arterial pressure, plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum creatinine, urinary albumin, ACE activity and Ang II concentration of kidney as well as profile of kidney hypertrophy were observed after 2, 4, 8 weeks of treatment, while TGF beta(1) mRNA expression of kidney cortex was assessed by Northern blot analysis, TGF beta(1), fibronectin and collagen IV expression were measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Serum creatinine level (P < 0.05), urinary albumin excretion and kidney hypertrophy index (P < 0.01) of valsartan treated group were significantly lower than those of diabetic untreated group. There was a significant increase in mRNA expression of TGF beta(1) and protein expression of of TGF beta(1) fibronectin and collagen IV in diabetic rats (P < 0.01). The expression of TGF beta(1) mRNA and protein (P < 0.01) as well as the protein expression of fibronectin and collagen IV (P < 0.05) in the valsartan group were much lower than that in the diabetic group.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that valsartan has some renal protective effect on diabetes in rats, partly through down-regulating TGF beta(1) expression and reducing deposition of glomerular ECM.
ABSTRACT In most sensing applications, the measurements generated by sensor networks are noisy an... more ABSTRACT In most sensing applications, the measurements generated by sensor networks are noisy and usually annotated with some measure of uncertainty. The question that we address in this paper is how to estimate the accuracy of these uncertain sensor measurements. Existing studies on estimating the accuracy of uncertain measurements in real sensing applications are limited in three ways. First, they tend to be application-specific. Second, they typically employ learning techniques to estimate the parameters of sensor noise models, and ignore alternative state estimation approaches without learning. Third, they do not explore whether exploiting the dynamics of the monitored state can yield significant benefits. We address the above limitations as follows: we define the accuracy estimation problem in a general manner that applies to a broad spectrum of application scenarios. We present a general framework to address this problem, and show that the proposed framework can be implemented in a number of different ways. We evaluate and compare the different implementations in the context of two real sensing scenarios, and discuss how they trade accuracy for computation cost, and how this trade-off largely depends on the user’s knowledge of the application scenario.
Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi Guang Pu, Apr 1, 2010
The rise and decay curves of Er3+ 4F9/2 upconversion emission in oxyfluoride tellurite glass were... more The rise and decay curves of Er3+ 4F9/2 upconversion emission in oxyfluoride tellurite glass were measured under the excitation at 808 nm from a laser diode driven by square waves. The lifetime of the intermediate state could be determined via rise times. Then the accumulation process of the 4F9/2 population was confirmed. The excitation mechanism of up-conversion red emission under 808 nm excitation was confirmed by the rate equations and analyzing the relationship between the time constants of the rise and decay processes and the intermediate state. Square wave excited upconversion emission may also be used for measuring lifetimes of infrared energy levels with a conventional photomultiplier tube.
Ieee Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2015
ABSTRACT Indoor wireless systems often operate under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions that can... more ABSTRACT Indoor wireless systems often operate under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions that can cause ranging errors for location-based applications. As such, these applications could benefit greatly from NLOS identification and mitigation techniques. These techniques have been primarily investigated for ultra-wide band (UWB) systems, but little attention has been paid to WiFi systems, which are far more prevalent in practice. In this study, we address the NLOS identification and mitigation problems using multiple received signal strength (RSS) measurements from WiFi signals. Key to our approach is exploiting several statistical features of the RSS time series, which are shown to be particularly effective. We develop and compare two algorithms based on machine learning and a third based on hypothesis testing to separate LOS/NLOS measurements. Extensive experiments in various indoor environments show that our techniques can distinguish between LOS/NLOS conditions with an accuracy of around 95%. Furthermore, the presented techniques improve distance estimation accuracy by 60% as compared to state-of-the-art NLOS mitigation techniques. Finally, improvements in distance estimation accuracy of 50% are achieved even without environment-specific training data, demonstrating the practicality of our approach to real world implementations.
Yao Xue Xue Bao Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, Nov 1, 2011
In this study, daphnetin and its major metabolites in the intestinal wall of rats were identified... more In this study, daphnetin and its major metabolites in the intestinal wall of rats were identified by liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. Perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were collected separately for 2 hours from the rat intestine following perfusion with daphnetin. The metabolites of daphnetin in the perfusion fluid of different intestine segments were analyzed by the liquid chromatography and quatrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. It is shown that the parent drug daphnetin and four metabolites were found in the perfusion fluid of duodenum, jejunum and ileum. However, no metabolites were found in the colon. Among the four metabolites, two daphnetin sulfates (m/z 257) were first discovered as the phase II metabolites of daphnetin in rats, which revealed a new way of daphnetin metabolism in rats.
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