Papers by jutamat klinsoda
Importance of the work: Little information is available on the prebiotic properties of spices or ... more Importance of the work: Little information is available on the prebiotic properties of spices or herbs in Thai curries after digestion and their interaction with probiotic microbiota. Objectives: To investigate the in-vitro viability and adherence to Caco-2 cells of selected probiotics presenting in human and commercial products (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum) after inoculation in 14 spice or herb extracts and 8 Thai curries and passing through an in-vitro digestion model. Materials and Methods: The selected probiotics were passed in the in-vitro digestion model and further evaluated for large intestine Caco2-cell adhesion. Results: In total, 14 spice or herb extracts (chili, garlic, galangal, turmeric, shallot, lemon grass, basil, red cotton tree flowers, cloves, coriander root, cumin, shrimp paste, cinnamon and finger root) and Thai curries had no inhibitory effects on the selected probiotics. L. casei inoculated in Nam Ngeaw curry had the greatest Caco-2 cell adhesion (2.37%), whereas L. casei was lower after exposure to turmeric extracts (0.27%; p < 0.05). The adhesion of L. acidophilus in Gaeng Aom and Nam Ngeaw curries was similar to the control, whereby L. acidophilus after exposure to other spice/herb extracts and curries lost adherence (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in adherence to Caco-2 cells of B. bifidum incubated in the Thai curries, with the adhesion of B. bifidum being lower in garlic extract compared to coriander root extract (p < 0.05). Main finding: The screening results of the spice or herb extracts and mixed spices/herbs in Thai curries was able to reveal their prebiotic properties to support Caco-2 cell adhesion of probiotics after ingestion.
NFS Journal, Oct 31, 2023
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Dec 17, 2020
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for the gut bacteria and the host. Nevertheless, little i... more Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for the gut bacteria and the host. Nevertheless, little information exists that indicates to what extent an improved level of P availability in the small intestine leads to functional adaptations in bacterial metabolic pathways in the large intestine. Therefore, we investigated the changes in the taxonomic and functional bacterial metagenome in cecal digesta of growing pigs fed diets containing phytase and/or cereals treated with 2.5% lactic acid (LA) for 19 days (n ϭ 8/diet) using shotgun metagenome sequencing. The phytase supplementation resulted in strikingly distinct bacterial communities, affecting almost all major bacterial families, whereas functional changes were less dramatic among the feeding groups. While phytase treatment decreased predominant Prevotellaceae levels, it seemed that Clostridiaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae filled the opening metabolic niches (P Ͻ 0.05). The LA-treated cereals mediated reduced levels of Bacteroidaceae and increased levels of Veillonellaceae, but those results were mainly seen when the cereals were fed as a single treatment (P Ͻ 0.05). In association with the taxonomic alterations, phytase caused changes within the major functional pathways corresponding to amino acid metabolism; translation; membrane transport; folding, sorting, and degradation; and energy metabolism, whereas the LA treatment of cereals resulted in decreased enzymatic capacities within the carbohydrate metabolism and energy metabolism pathways (P Ͻ 0.05). Metabolic dependencies corresponding to the starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and citrate cycle pathways were indicated by dietassociated changes in enzymatic capacities related to short-chain fatty acid, methane, vitamin, and bacterial antigen synthesis. Accordingly, the present results support the idea of the importance of the availability of intestinal P for bacterial metabolism. However, the functional profiles were less different than the taxonomic profiles among the dietary treatment results, indicating a certain degree of metabolic plasticity within the cecal metagenome. IMPORTANCE Dietary strategies (e.g., phytase supplementation and lactic acid [LA] treatment of cereals) used to improve the availability of phytate-phosphorus (P) from pig feed reduce the amount of P flowing into the large intestine, whereas LA treatment-induced changes in nutrient fractions alter the substrate being available to the microbiota. In ruminants, lower intestinal P availability compromises the fibrolytic activity of the microbiome. Here, we report that the functional capacities were less dramatically affected than the taxonomic composition by phytase-supplemented and LA-treated cereals. The bacterial community appeared to be partly capable of functionally compensating for the altered flow of P by replacing taxa with higher P Citation Klinsoda J, Vötterl J, Koger S, Metzler-Zebeli BU. 2021. Dietary phytase-and lactic acid-treated cereals caused greater taxonomic adaptations than functional adaptations in the cecal metagenome of growing pigs. Appl Environ Microbiol 87:e02240-20.
Animal Bioscience
Objective: Dietary phytase increases bioavailability of phytate-bound phosphorus (P) in pig nutri... more Objective: Dietary phytase increases bioavailability of phytate-bound phosphorus (P) in pig nutrition affecting dietary calcium (Ca) to P ratio, intestinal uptake, and systemic utilization of both minerals, which may contribute to improper bone mineralization. We used phytase to assess long-term effects of two dietary available P (aP) levels using a one-phase feeding system on gene expression related to Ca and P homeostasis along the intestinal tract and in the kidney, short-chain fatty acids in stomach, cecum, and colon, serum, and bone parameters in growing gilts and barrows.Methods: Growing pigs (37.9±6.2 kg) had either free access to a diet without (Con; 75 gilts and 69 barrows) or with phytase (650 phytase units; n = 72/diet) for 56 days. Samples of blood, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, cecal, and colonic mucosa and digesta, kidney, and metacarpal bones were collected from 24 pigs (6 gilts and 6 barrows per diet).Results: Phytase decreased daily feed intake and average daily gain, w...
Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology: Berichte der Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie, 2019
Translational Animal Science, 2021
Adequate provision of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) is essential for bone formation and high gr... more Adequate provision of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) is essential for bone formation and high growth performance in pigs. Nevertheless, reliable serum biomarkers for pig’s Ca and P intake are still missing. Here, we used phytase supplementation to alter the dietary available P (aP) level in order to investigate the effect of differences in dietary aP levels on serum parameters related to the Ca and P homeostasis in pigs. Moreover, we assessed whether serum parameters can be used to predict the Ca, total P (tP), and aP intake in barrows and gilts throughout the fattening period. In total, 216 pigs (115 gilts and 101 barrows) were randomly allotted to one of the two diets in three replicate batches, each lasting 56 d (n = 108/diet). Pigs had free access to the diets without (Con) or with phytase (Phy; 650 phytase units/kg) via a transponder-based feeding system. Blood samples were collected on days 2, 23, and 52, and serum parameters were correlated with the daily Ca, tP, and aP inta...
Journal of Animal Science, 2021
Dietary and microbially derived fatty acids (FA) play important roles in gut mucosal inflammatory... more Dietary and microbially derived fatty acids (FA) play important roles in gut mucosal inflammatory signaling, barrier function, and oxidative stress response. Nevertheless, little information is available about gastrointestinal FA profiles and receptor distribution in pigs, especially for long-chain FA (LCFA). Therefore, the present pilot study aimed to (1) investigate the gastrointestinal FA profiles; (2) link the luminal FA profiles to the mucosal expression of genes related to FA sensing and signaling; and (3) assess potential dietary effects on gut and systemic lipid metabolism in pigs. Gut, liver, and serum samples were obtained from barrows (13.1 ± 2.3 kg) fed diets containing either phytase (500 phytase units/kg diet) or cereals treated with 2.5% lactic acid (LA; n = 8/diet) for 18 d. Results showed gut regional and diet-related differences in luminal FA profiles and mucosal receptor expression, whereas diet little affected hepatic expression levels and serum lipids. Short-cha...
Microorganisms, 2020
Age-related successions in the porcine gut microbiome may modify the microbial response to dietar... more Age-related successions in the porcine gut microbiome may modify the microbial response to dietary changes. This may especially affect the bacterial response to essential nutrients for bacterial metabolism, such as phosphorus (P). Against this background, we used phytase supplementation (0 or 650 phytase units/kg complete feed) to alter the P availability in the hindgut and studied the dietary response of the fecal bacterial microbiome from the early to late fattening period. Fecal DNA were isolated after 0, 3, 5 and 10 weeks and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Permutational analysis of variance showed distinct bacterial communities for diet and week. Alpha-diversity and taxonomy indicated progressing maturation of the bacterial community with age. Prevotellaceae declined, whereas Clostridiaceae and Ruminococcaceae increased from weeks 0 to 3, 5, and 10, indicating changes in fiber-digesting capacities with age. Phytase affected all major bacterial taxa but redu...
Nutrients, 2020
High intestinal availability of dietary phosphorus (P) may impair calcium (Ca) homeostasis and bo... more High intestinal availability of dietary phosphorus (P) may impair calcium (Ca) homeostasis and bone integrity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of phytase supplementation in comparison to the soaking of cereal grains in 2.5% lactic acid (LA) on intestinal Ca and P absorption; intestinal, renal, and bone gene expression regarding Ca and P homeostasis; bone parameters; and serum levels of regulatory hormones in growing pigs. Thirty-two pigs were randomly assigned to one of four diets in a 2 × 2 factorial design in four replicate batches for 19 days. The diets comprised either untreated or LA-treated wheat and maize without and with phytase supplementation (500 phytase units/kg). Although both treatments improved the P balance, phytase and LA-treated cereals differently modulated gene expression related to intestinal absorption, and renal and bone metabolism of Ca and P, thereby altering homeostatic regulatory mechanisms as indicated by serum Ca, P, vitamin D, and fibro...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2019
A host ’ s diet largely determines the gut microbial composition and therefore may influence bact... more A host ’ s diet largely determines the gut microbial composition and therefore may influence bacterial translocation into ICLNs. Due to its importance for cell metabolism, the intestinal phosphorus availability, which was modified here by phytase and LA treatment of cereals, affects the intestinal microbiota. Previous studies mainly focused on bacteria in the lumen. The novelty of this work resides mainly in that we report diet-microbe effects along the digesta-mucosa-ICLN axis and linked those effects to mucosal expression of barrier function genes as crucial components for host health. Lymph nodes can serve as reservoir of pathobionts; therefore, present diet-microbiome-host interactions have implications for food safety.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019
Besides the major nutrients, phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral for both the host animal and ... more Besides the major nutrients, phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral for both the host animal and the porcine gut microbiota. Different strategies including phytase supplementation and more recently lactic acid (LA) are used to enhance the P availability from cereals in pig diets; however, their impact on the gut microbiota has been rarely related to fecal shedding of opportunistic pathogens. The present study investigated the effect of phytase supplementation and the treatment of dietary cereals with 2.5% LA on the fecal microbiome composition of metabolic active bacteria and expression of virulence factor genes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens in growing pigs. Phytase supplementation reduced the fecal abundance of the most abundant Lactobacillaceae family, whereas the LAtreatment of cereals had a stronger impact on the bacterial community, reducing amylolytic, pullulanolytic and hemicellulolytic Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae as well as the fecal bacterial species richness (Chao1) and diversity (Shannon index). Mainly the family Clostridiaceae benefited from the decline in the aforementioned families, being enriched by both dietary treatments. Multigroup data integration using sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that among the most discriminative operational taxonomic units (OTU) especially two unclassified Clostridiaceae-OTUs, one Prevotella copri-like OTU and one OTU within the vadinCA11 group were associated with calcium and P levels but were negatively linked with complex carbohydrates in feces. Heat-stable toxin A (Sta) of enterotoxigenic E. coli and Stx2e of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli were expressed in feces but were similar among feeding groups. Without modifying the total bacterial gene copies and virulence factor expression of E. coli, both dietary phytase supplementation and LA-treatment of cereals drastically altered the bacterial community composition in pig feces. Results thereby allowed for the characterization of bacterial nutrient dependencies, indicating a link between fecal P availability, complex carbohydrate composition and alterations in the predominant genera.
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Papers by jutamat klinsoda