Palgrave Macmillan studies in banking and financial institutions, 2023
134 W. G. CANTAH ET AL. (FINSAP) which began in 1986 was implemented. The FINSAP implementation r... more 134 W. G. CANTAH ET AL. (FINSAP) which began in 1986 was implemented. The FINSAP implementation removed direct state controls in the banking industry. In addition, several state-owned banking institutions were privatised in order to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of the banking industry. To further enhance competition and stability of Ghana's banking industry, there was the implementation of the Financial Sector Strategic Plan (FINSSP) in 2003. FINSSP led to a more liberalised financial sector with universal banking licences also granted to several financial institutions. The number of banking institutions in the country increased from 10 (dominated by state-owned banks) in 1989, to 29 (dominated by privately owned banks including foreign-owned ones) by April 2013. In addition to the efforts aimed at enhancing competition and efficiency in the banking industry, several efforts were also made to sustain the stability of the industry to propel the growth and development of the economy. Laws such as the
Promoting a dynamic operating environment for Small Medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is seen as a ... more Promoting a dynamic operating environment for Small Medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is seen as a priority amongst economic development goals, in both developed and emerging economies. SMEs are a primary driver for job creation and GDP growth. They greatly contribute to economic diversification and social stability and they play an important role for private sector development. It must be emphasized, that the utilization of these financial products does not only promote the growth of the SMEs themselves but also their active participation in the financial services market leads to financial development which is widely recognized as an important determinant of economic growth and also recognized as important for enhancing the social and economic impact of the financial sector. In the past, SMEs, particularly, in developing countries, lacked access to financial products and services. The SME market was perceived by banks as risky, costly, and difficult to serve. However, with the advanc...
Credit has been identified as an essential tool to improve poor households' livelihood. There... more Credit has been identified as an essential tool to improve poor households' livelihood. Therefore, for rural farm households to improve their welfare and invest in productive agriculture activity, access to credit must be promoted. This paper examines how credit accessibility influences rural farm households' farmland abandonment reduction in Ghana. Using survey data collected from four regions in Ghana, the endogenous switching regression (ESR) model, and the problem confronting index (PCI) model were employed in the estimation. The findings revealed that households with access to credit are more likely to not abandon their farmland than a random farmer from the sample. Also, different household groups showed a heterogeneous impact of credit on farmland abandonment. Our findings provide policy implications to reduce farmland abandonment. For example, the negative credit accessibility impact on farmland abandonment implies that government and policymakers should target polic...
Abstract Information and communication and technologies (ICTs) have contributed to national devel... more Abstract Information and communication and technologies (ICTs) have contributed to national development in recent years. However, less is known on how ICT could help improve productivity in the aquaculture field. This study investigates how the use of the Internet can help improve fish farms' productivity. More specifically, using survey data from two regions in Ghana and the econometric model approach, this study explored the quantitative impacts of Internet use on fish farm productivity. The results are as follows. First, the study revealed that Internet use is affected by household total land holdings, access to credit and off-farm employment, education, being a member of an association and how household perceives the use of the internet and household head age. Second, regarding the quantitative relationship, Internet use can help increase farm productivity. Compared with males, the impact of female heads’ Internet use on farm productivity is more prominent. Finally, the productivity effect of Internet use for farmers with no access to off-farm work is greater than that for those with off-farm work access. Our findings provide policy implications to improve farm household Internet use and fish farms production.
This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weathe... more This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weather variability and food crop production. The study used a cross-sectional data from 622 randomly selected farmers from 18 Villages across the three major agro-ecological zones using structured questionnaire. The study hypothesized that farm characteristics, climatic variables and extreme weather events had no significant influence on farmers' choice of various adaptation strategies across the three agro-ecological zones. Employing Multinomial logit Model, the results indicated that irrigation farming, income-generating activities, crop diversification, tree planting and shifting planting dates are some of the adaptation strategies farmers used to adapt to changes in the weather and other related factors. The study thus recommends the intensification of the use of these ABOUT THE AUTHORS
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of employment security on moonlightin... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of employment security on moonlighting in Ghana as a means to inform policy on enforcing issues of employment security.Design/methodology/approachThe paper followed the work of Shishko and Rostker (1976) by applying their approach to the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey data. The paper created an employment index from four variables and used the ordered logit as the main estimation technique.FindingsThe findings indicated that, as a person with a single job becomes more secured in employment, the likelihood of moonlighting is decreased by 0.03, while for those with two and three or more jobs, the likelihood of moonlighting increased by 0.0297 and 0.0008, respectively, with increasing employment security. This implies that, workers can be made to stick to single jobs by providing them with higher levels of employment security, but once they take on two or more jobs, providing them with employment security wil...
Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, and treatment invol... more Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, and treatment involves considerable cost to stakeholders in healthcare. However, there is infrequent availability of cost information and patterns of management, especially in developing countries. This study determined the cost of the medical management of POAG, adherence, and pattern of medication prescription in Ghana. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 891 Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) cases seen in the year 2012 at three referral facilities. Demographics, ocular history, resource consumption, medication, test, surgery and other related cost were extracted from 84 patients who had fully complied with their treatment to calculate total cost (TC) based on 2012 estimates. Glaucoma drugs prescribed to patients who had adhered to all their review visits within the period evident from case folders were recorded and analysed for the prescription pattern. Results: Out of 891 POAG cases seen in 2012, 351(39.4 %) attended all the required review visits, but only 84 (9.4) had fully and continually adhered to all their treatment regimes. They comprised 41(48.8 %) males and 43(51.2 %) females with a mean age of 65 ± 14.8. Majority of the respondents were elderly above 60 year of age (65.5 %). The total estimated cost for the 84 cases in the year was GH¢ 81,237 ($40,619), comprising GH¢ 72,193 ($36,097) direct medication cost and GH¢9,045 ($4,523) direct non-medication cost (surgery and test cost), and an average of GH¢ 967 ($484) for a mean visit of 5.6 ± 1.1 in the year. A total of 673 glaucoma medications had been prescribed for 351 patients for the year, with timolol being the most prescribed (64.19 %) and monotherapy as the most adopted form of therapy (61.06 %). Age and income showed concurrent increase with cost (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Cost of managing glaucoma constitutes a substantial financial burden and influenced the pattern of medication prescription.
This study focused on developing an insight into the decision making process which lenders employ... more This study focused on developing an insight into the decision making process which lenders employ in granting loans to SME borrowers. Questionnaires were administered on selected bank branch managers of conventional banks, rural banks and savings and loans companies. Findings from this study has brought to the fore some interesting revelations. The results indicated that when loan managers are deciding on whether to accept or reject an SME loan application, intended purpose of loan, repayment of previous loan, repayment schedule, type of business activity, size of loan relative to size of business and availability of collateral, ranked highest on their criteria list. On the contrary, CVs of clients, government guarantee of loans, charges on assets and gearing ranked lowest on the criteria list in terms of importance. The relevant factors identified in this study showed that lenders took particular interest in risk when dealing with SMEs. This is not out of place, as every business seeks to make profit and thus they need to be sure of recouping their monies when they lend them out to small businesses. It is thus very necessary for SME borrowers to develop an understanding of the decision criteria used by financial institutions in order to increase the probability of getting their loan request approved by fulfilling the required criteria adequately.
The main objective of this study was to find out the willingness to pay for improved solid waste ... more The main objective of this study was to find out the willingness to pay for improved solid waste disposal in the Tema Metropolis using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). A crosssectional survey design was used to carry out the study. A survey questionnaire was administered to respondents to draw a sample of 156 for the study. The Tobit regression was used to estimate the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste disposal. The Tobit result revealed that age, educational level, number of dependants, income, size of household and distance to the refuse dump were important in explaining the willingness to pay for solid waste disposal. It is concluded that income, education level, number of dependants, household size influence the willingness to pay for sanitation improvement. We recommend that government in collaboration with waste collecting agencies should invest more resources into the provision of recycling plants that will help in dealing more efficiently and effectively with the waste disposal problem. Furthermore, the educational campaigns of the various metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies on good sanitation practices should be intensified to increase the awareness of households. The various environmental units of the district assemblies should also be well resourced to effectively enforce sanitary laws.
This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The ... more This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The study found agricultural CF among farmers, with approximately 79% of farmers involved in agricultural CF. Household financial burden was found to be the main cause of CF among the studied farmers. Most fungible credit was used for clothing and food consumption. A probit model was employed to analyze survey data collected from four regions in Ghana. We employed an instrumental variable approach (IV-Probit) to test for robustness due to endogeneity issues. The econometric model results show that the variables of off-farm income and farm size inversely influenced agricultural CF, while those of education, household size, male farmer gender, and chronic disease variables had a positive effect on agricultural CF. Our findings have policy implications for alleviating agricultural CF.
This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weathe... more This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weather variability and food crop production. The study used a cross-sectional data from 622 randomly selected farmers from 18 Villages across the three major agro-ecological zones using structured questionnaire. The study hypothesized that farm characteristics, climatic variables and extreme weather events had no significant influence on farmers' choice of various adaptation strategies across the three agro-ecological zones. Employing Multinomial logit Model, the results indicated that irrigation farming, income-generating activities, crop diversification, tree planting and shifting planting dates are some of the adaptation strategies farmers used to adapt to changes in the weather and other related factors. The study thus recommends the intensification of the use of these ABOUT THE AUTHORS
This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The ... more This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The study found agricultural CF among farmers, with approximately 79% of farmers involved in agricultural CF. Household financial burden was found to be the main cause of CF among the studied farmers. Most fungible credit was used for clothing and food consumption. A probit model was employed to analyze survey data collected from four regions in Ghana. We employed an instrumental variable approach (IV-Probit) to test for robustness due to endogeneity issues. The econometric model results show that the variables of off-farm income and farm size inversely influenced agricultural CF, while those of education, household size, male farmer gender, and chronic disease variables had a positive effect on agricultural CF. Our findings have policy implications for alleviating agricultural CF.
The study examined the impact of external financial liberalisation and political institutions on ... more The study examined the impact of external financial liberalisation and political institutions on short term foreign debt in 42 selected sub-Saharan African countries. It answered the question on whether external financial liberalisation and institutionalised democracy reduce short term foreign debt. Both theory and the empirical literature suggest that external financial liberalisation and institutionalised democracy lead to reduced stock of short term foreign debt. By using a dynamic panel data analysis, this study confirmed the hypotheses that external financial liberalisation within the framework of institutionalised democracy leads to reduced stock of short term foreign debt.
Climate change has gained increased attention in recent times due to its perceived negative reper... more Climate change has gained increased attention in recent times due to its perceived negative repercussions on a range of activities, chiefly agriculture. These events are ample evidence of what climate change may unleash if attempts are not made to mitigate and adapt to its impacts. For instance, Dai et al. (2004) and Trenberth et al. (2007) point out that many third world countries have already experienced extreme weather events in terms of floods, droughts, heat waves and tropical cyclones that are more frequent and intense than previously. The resulting impacts point to the consequences for the environment, production systems, and livelihoods from future climate variability and change. It is important that we shed light on what we mean by climate change in order to put things in the right perspective. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) defines climate change as a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by ch...
Palgrave Macmillan studies in banking and financial institutions, 2023
134 W. G. CANTAH ET AL. (FINSAP) which began in 1986 was implemented. The FINSAP implementation r... more 134 W. G. CANTAH ET AL. (FINSAP) which began in 1986 was implemented. The FINSAP implementation removed direct state controls in the banking industry. In addition, several state-owned banking institutions were privatised in order to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of the banking industry. To further enhance competition and stability of Ghana's banking industry, there was the implementation of the Financial Sector Strategic Plan (FINSSP) in 2003. FINSSP led to a more liberalised financial sector with universal banking licences also granted to several financial institutions. The number of banking institutions in the country increased from 10 (dominated by state-owned banks) in 1989, to 29 (dominated by privately owned banks including foreign-owned ones) by April 2013. In addition to the efforts aimed at enhancing competition and efficiency in the banking industry, several efforts were also made to sustain the stability of the industry to propel the growth and development of the economy. Laws such as the
Promoting a dynamic operating environment for Small Medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is seen as a ... more Promoting a dynamic operating environment for Small Medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is seen as a priority amongst economic development goals, in both developed and emerging economies. SMEs are a primary driver for job creation and GDP growth. They greatly contribute to economic diversification and social stability and they play an important role for private sector development. It must be emphasized, that the utilization of these financial products does not only promote the growth of the SMEs themselves but also their active participation in the financial services market leads to financial development which is widely recognized as an important determinant of economic growth and also recognized as important for enhancing the social and economic impact of the financial sector. In the past, SMEs, particularly, in developing countries, lacked access to financial products and services. The SME market was perceived by banks as risky, costly, and difficult to serve. However, with the advanc...
Credit has been identified as an essential tool to improve poor households' livelihood. There... more Credit has been identified as an essential tool to improve poor households' livelihood. Therefore, for rural farm households to improve their welfare and invest in productive agriculture activity, access to credit must be promoted. This paper examines how credit accessibility influences rural farm households' farmland abandonment reduction in Ghana. Using survey data collected from four regions in Ghana, the endogenous switching regression (ESR) model, and the problem confronting index (PCI) model were employed in the estimation. The findings revealed that households with access to credit are more likely to not abandon their farmland than a random farmer from the sample. Also, different household groups showed a heterogeneous impact of credit on farmland abandonment. Our findings provide policy implications to reduce farmland abandonment. For example, the negative credit accessibility impact on farmland abandonment implies that government and policymakers should target polic...
Abstract Information and communication and technologies (ICTs) have contributed to national devel... more Abstract Information and communication and technologies (ICTs) have contributed to national development in recent years. However, less is known on how ICT could help improve productivity in the aquaculture field. This study investigates how the use of the Internet can help improve fish farms' productivity. More specifically, using survey data from two regions in Ghana and the econometric model approach, this study explored the quantitative impacts of Internet use on fish farm productivity. The results are as follows. First, the study revealed that Internet use is affected by household total land holdings, access to credit and off-farm employment, education, being a member of an association and how household perceives the use of the internet and household head age. Second, regarding the quantitative relationship, Internet use can help increase farm productivity. Compared with males, the impact of female heads’ Internet use on farm productivity is more prominent. Finally, the productivity effect of Internet use for farmers with no access to off-farm work is greater than that for those with off-farm work access. Our findings provide policy implications to improve farm household Internet use and fish farms production.
This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weathe... more This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weather variability and food crop production. The study used a cross-sectional data from 622 randomly selected farmers from 18 Villages across the three major agro-ecological zones using structured questionnaire. The study hypothesized that farm characteristics, climatic variables and extreme weather events had no significant influence on farmers' choice of various adaptation strategies across the three agro-ecological zones. Employing Multinomial logit Model, the results indicated that irrigation farming, income-generating activities, crop diversification, tree planting and shifting planting dates are some of the adaptation strategies farmers used to adapt to changes in the weather and other related factors. The study thus recommends the intensification of the use of these ABOUT THE AUTHORS
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of employment security on moonlightin... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of employment security on moonlighting in Ghana as a means to inform policy on enforcing issues of employment security.Design/methodology/approachThe paper followed the work of Shishko and Rostker (1976) by applying their approach to the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey data. The paper created an employment index from four variables and used the ordered logit as the main estimation technique.FindingsThe findings indicated that, as a person with a single job becomes more secured in employment, the likelihood of moonlighting is decreased by 0.03, while for those with two and three or more jobs, the likelihood of moonlighting increased by 0.0297 and 0.0008, respectively, with increasing employment security. This implies that, workers can be made to stick to single jobs by providing them with higher levels of employment security, but once they take on two or more jobs, providing them with employment security wil...
Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, and treatment invol... more Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, and treatment involves considerable cost to stakeholders in healthcare. However, there is infrequent availability of cost information and patterns of management, especially in developing countries. This study determined the cost of the medical management of POAG, adherence, and pattern of medication prescription in Ghana. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 891 Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) cases seen in the year 2012 at three referral facilities. Demographics, ocular history, resource consumption, medication, test, surgery and other related cost were extracted from 84 patients who had fully complied with their treatment to calculate total cost (TC) based on 2012 estimates. Glaucoma drugs prescribed to patients who had adhered to all their review visits within the period evident from case folders were recorded and analysed for the prescription pattern. Results: Out of 891 POAG cases seen in 2012, 351(39.4 %) attended all the required review visits, but only 84 (9.4) had fully and continually adhered to all their treatment regimes. They comprised 41(48.8 %) males and 43(51.2 %) females with a mean age of 65 ± 14.8. Majority of the respondents were elderly above 60 year of age (65.5 %). The total estimated cost for the 84 cases in the year was GH¢ 81,237 ($40,619), comprising GH¢ 72,193 ($36,097) direct medication cost and GH¢9,045 ($4,523) direct non-medication cost (surgery and test cost), and an average of GH¢ 967 ($484) for a mean visit of 5.6 ± 1.1 in the year. A total of 673 glaucoma medications had been prescribed for 351 patients for the year, with timolol being the most prescribed (64.19 %) and monotherapy as the most adopted form of therapy (61.06 %). Age and income showed concurrent increase with cost (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Cost of managing glaucoma constitutes a substantial financial burden and influenced the pattern of medication prescription.
This study focused on developing an insight into the decision making process which lenders employ... more This study focused on developing an insight into the decision making process which lenders employ in granting loans to SME borrowers. Questionnaires were administered on selected bank branch managers of conventional banks, rural banks and savings and loans companies. Findings from this study has brought to the fore some interesting revelations. The results indicated that when loan managers are deciding on whether to accept or reject an SME loan application, intended purpose of loan, repayment of previous loan, repayment schedule, type of business activity, size of loan relative to size of business and availability of collateral, ranked highest on their criteria list. On the contrary, CVs of clients, government guarantee of loans, charges on assets and gearing ranked lowest on the criteria list in terms of importance. The relevant factors identified in this study showed that lenders took particular interest in risk when dealing with SMEs. This is not out of place, as every business seeks to make profit and thus they need to be sure of recouping their monies when they lend them out to small businesses. It is thus very necessary for SME borrowers to develop an understanding of the decision criteria used by financial institutions in order to increase the probability of getting their loan request approved by fulfilling the required criteria adequately.
The main objective of this study was to find out the willingness to pay for improved solid waste ... more The main objective of this study was to find out the willingness to pay for improved solid waste disposal in the Tema Metropolis using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). A crosssectional survey design was used to carry out the study. A survey questionnaire was administered to respondents to draw a sample of 156 for the study. The Tobit regression was used to estimate the determinants of willingness to pay for improved solid waste disposal. The Tobit result revealed that age, educational level, number of dependants, income, size of household and distance to the refuse dump were important in explaining the willingness to pay for solid waste disposal. It is concluded that income, education level, number of dependants, household size influence the willingness to pay for sanitation improvement. We recommend that government in collaboration with waste collecting agencies should invest more resources into the provision of recycling plants that will help in dealing more efficiently and effectively with the waste disposal problem. Furthermore, the educational campaigns of the various metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies on good sanitation practices should be intensified to increase the awareness of households. The various environmental units of the district assemblies should also be well resourced to effectively enforce sanitary laws.
This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The ... more This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The study found agricultural CF among farmers, with approximately 79% of farmers involved in agricultural CF. Household financial burden was found to be the main cause of CF among the studied farmers. Most fungible credit was used for clothing and food consumption. A probit model was employed to analyze survey data collected from four regions in Ghana. We employed an instrumental variable approach (IV-Probit) to test for robustness due to endogeneity issues. The econometric model results show that the variables of off-farm income and farm size inversely influenced agricultural CF, while those of education, household size, male farmer gender, and chronic disease variables had a positive effect on agricultural CF. Our findings have policy implications for alleviating agricultural CF.
This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weathe... more This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies toward weather variability and food crop production. The study used a cross-sectional data from 622 randomly selected farmers from 18 Villages across the three major agro-ecological zones using structured questionnaire. The study hypothesized that farm characteristics, climatic variables and extreme weather events had no significant influence on farmers' choice of various adaptation strategies across the three agro-ecological zones. Employing Multinomial logit Model, the results indicated that irrigation farming, income-generating activities, crop diversification, tree planting and shifting planting dates are some of the adaptation strategies farmers used to adapt to changes in the weather and other related factors. The study thus recommends the intensification of the use of these ABOUT THE AUTHORS
This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The ... more This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The study found agricultural CF among farmers, with approximately 79% of farmers involved in agricultural CF. Household financial burden was found to be the main cause of CF among the studied farmers. Most fungible credit was used for clothing and food consumption. A probit model was employed to analyze survey data collected from four regions in Ghana. We employed an instrumental variable approach (IV-Probit) to test for robustness due to endogeneity issues. The econometric model results show that the variables of off-farm income and farm size inversely influenced agricultural CF, while those of education, household size, male farmer gender, and chronic disease variables had a positive effect on agricultural CF. Our findings have policy implications for alleviating agricultural CF.
The study examined the impact of external financial liberalisation and political institutions on ... more The study examined the impact of external financial liberalisation and political institutions on short term foreign debt in 42 selected sub-Saharan African countries. It answered the question on whether external financial liberalisation and institutionalised democracy reduce short term foreign debt. Both theory and the empirical literature suggest that external financial liberalisation and institutionalised democracy lead to reduced stock of short term foreign debt. By using a dynamic panel data analysis, this study confirmed the hypotheses that external financial liberalisation within the framework of institutionalised democracy leads to reduced stock of short term foreign debt.
Climate change has gained increased attention in recent times due to its perceived negative reper... more Climate change has gained increased attention in recent times due to its perceived negative repercussions on a range of activities, chiefly agriculture. These events are ample evidence of what climate change may unleash if attempts are not made to mitigate and adapt to its impacts. For instance, Dai et al. (2004) and Trenberth et al. (2007) point out that many third world countries have already experienced extreme weather events in terms of floods, droughts, heat waves and tropical cyclones that are more frequent and intense than previously. The resulting impacts point to the consequences for the environment, production systems, and livelihoods from future climate variability and change. It is important that we shed light on what we mean by climate change in order to put things in the right perspective. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) defines climate change as a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by ch...
This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies towards weath... more This study analyzed factors that influence farmers' choice of adaptation strategies towards weather variability and food crop production. To understand the choice of adaptation strategies farmers adopted, the study used a cross-sectional data from 622 randomly selected farmers from 18 villages across the three major agro ecological zones using structured questionnaire. The study hypothesized that farm characteristics, climatic variables and extreme weather events had no significant influence on farmers' choice of various adaptation strategies across agro-ecological zones. To capture the factors that influence the choice of adaptation strategies, the study employed the Multinomial logit Model. The results indicated that irrigation farming, income-generating activities, crop diversification, tree planting and shifting planting dates are some of the adaptation strategies farmers used to adapt to changes in the weather and other related factors. The study recommends, therefore, the intensification of the use of these adaptation strategies through support from government and other stakeholders to help the farmers to cope very well with the vagaries of the weather and improve food crop production in Ghana.
Purpose - This study sets out to determine the effect of employment security on moonlighting in G... more Purpose - This study sets out to determine the effect of employment security on moonlighting in Ghana as a means to inform policy on enforcing issues of employment security. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows the work of Shishko and Rostker (1976) in using the GLSS6 data by applying the ordered logit estimation technique. An employment security index is created using four variables. Findings - The findings indicated that as a person with a single job becomes more secure with employment, the likelihood of moonlighting is decreased by 0.03 while increasing levels of employment security for people with two and three or more jobs, on the contrary, increases the likelihood of moonlighting by 0.0297and 0.0008 respectively. This implies that workers can be made to stick to single jobs by providing them with higher levels of employment security but once they take on two or more jobs, providing them with employment security pushes them to even want to moonlight the more. Originality/value - With current harsh economic conditions in the country and the urgent need for multiple jobs (moonlighting) as a risk coping mechanism, little has been done on the role employment security plays as a catalyst or otherwise. This paper fills the gap by employing a comprehensive index on employment security in the case of Ghana.
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Papers by nkansah darfor
Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows the work of Shishko and Rostker (1976) in using the GLSS6 data by applying the ordered logit estimation technique. An employment security index is created using four variables.
Findings - The findings indicated that as a person with a single job becomes more secure with employment, the likelihood of moonlighting is decreased by 0.03 while increasing levels of employment security for people with two and three or more jobs, on the contrary, increases the likelihood of moonlighting by 0.0297and 0.0008 respectively. This implies that workers can be made to stick to single jobs by providing them with higher levels of employment security but once they take on two or more jobs, providing them with employment security pushes them to even want to moonlight the more.
Originality/value - With current harsh economic conditions in the country and the urgent need for multiple jobs (moonlighting) as a risk coping mechanism, little has been done on the role employment security plays as a catalyst or otherwise. This paper fills the gap by employing a comprehensive index on employment security in the case of Ghana.