Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics (GIPE), Pune (India) eBooks, 2016
FOREWORD 1. Maharashtra, which is one of the most urbanized States of the country, has worked ass... more FOREWORD 1. Maharashtra, which is one of the most urbanized States of the country, has worked assiduously towards restoring the rightful place of the local bodies in the political governance. This is evident from the conduct of free, fair and transparent elections by the State Election Commission since its inception in 1994 following the amendments to the Constitution of nearly 28,000 local bodies (26 Municipal Corporations, 340 Municipal Councils and Nagar Panchayats, 34 Zilla Parishads, 351 Panchayat Samitis and approx. 27,781 Gram Panchayats). 2. Collection and preservation of data of all the elections is necessary not only for understanding the dynamics of politics and but also for making improvements in the subsequent elections. It is unfortunate that very little data has been preserved of previous elections. Only data pertaining to number of reserved seats, voter turnout and seats won by different political parties is available and that too for Zilla Parishads, Panchayat Samitis, Municipal Councils and Municipal Corporations only. 3. State Election Commission, Maharashtra proposes to collect and preserve relevant data of all the elections from now onwards pertaining to the following broad categories: i. Arrangements done e.g. number of wards (with reservation), polling stations, polling personnel, vehicles etc. ii. Details given by candidates in nomination papers and affidavit e.g. Age, educational qualification, assets and liabilities, criminal background etc. iii. Activities during elections: e.g. violation of Model Code of Conduct, incidents of violence, re-poll etc. iv. Post elections e.g. expenditure incurred by the local bodies / candidates / political parties, profile of winning candidates etc.
I am very pleased to present the report titled "Why People Do Not Vote in Municipal Corporation E... more I am very pleased to present the report titled "Why People Do Not Vote in Municipal Corporation Elections: A Voter-based Survey in BMC" to the discerning readers and scholars of decentralization. As you must be aware, the State Election Commission of Maharashtra has been conducting local body elections in Maharashtra from 1994. It has been working tirelessly to increase the voter turnout and conduct elections in a free, fair and transparent manner. One of the issues in Municipal Corporation elections in Maharashtra is that of low voter turnout. Low voter turnouts imply that true representation of a majority gets denied to the population. The first step towards increasing voter turnout is to basically document, understand and analyze the different factors that lead to a low turnout. Only then can the solutions come across fruitfully. Let me express my gratitude to Shri Jageshwar Saharia, State Election Commissioner, Maharashtra, for granting this interesting study project of documenting and analyzing reasons for non-voting to the Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics. Shri Shekhar Channe, Secretary, State Election Commission, Maharashtra, guided and supported us at every stage of the project. Mrs. Manasi Phadke has been the chief coordinator and principal author of this report and has been driving the processes right from the methodological construction of the problem to writing the report, meticulously. Prof. Dnyandeo Talule has been our partner, lending his time and efforts generously to the completion of the project, for which I thank him. I must also thank Mr. Anand Karandikar, who lent his experience and insights on questionnaire design to our project generously. Mr. Rohit Deshpande, Seed Infotech Pvt. Ltd. gave us the software support for carrying out the survey using android devices. Vishal Gaikwad was our key support for conducting the field survey and analysis. Anjali Phadke handled the entire statistical analysis part of the project single-handedly. Ms. Manisha Shinde was in charge of data quality check, which she completed in a timely and efficient manner. Prof. Rajesh Bhatikar handled the editing of the report very efficiently. Mr. Vilas Mankar gave the technical and printing assistance to the project.
The Neera Devghar dam project in Pune district was completed in 2008. But the benefits of the pro... more The Neera Devghar dam project in Pune district was completed in 2008. But the benefits of the project are yet to reach the farmers as the government has failed to build the canal system to take the water to the farmers. The result is that the water in the dam flows off into the river without benefitting the drought-hit farmers in the four nearby talukas. “The dam was built and the power rights were sold off. But when it came to making canals to distribute the water to needy farmers, the government was cash strapped. The annual remuneration that the government could afford was Rs 40 crore whereas as per our calculation, at least Rs 360 crore was needed calculating the escalation per year. The state government then asked us how to revive the project,” said Rajas Parchure, director, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, who along with associate professor Anurag Asawa worked on the project. “On either side of the dam, there needs to be a 208-km and a 225-km long canal system to p...
The thesis is an attempt to formulate a theoretical framework that can be used to understand the ... more The thesis is an attempt to formulate a theoretical framework that can be used to understand the economic processes by which the national incomes, trade patterns, capital movements and exchange rates are simultaneously determined in a world economy comprising several sovereign but interdependent nations.
has been working tirelessly to document all aspects of voting in local body elections. In this pu... more has been working tirelessly to document all aspects of voting in local body elections. In this publication, voter perceptions regarding the polling process and the overall experience of voting have been documented.
The crop insurance scheme in India has been a failure in all dimensions of the performance vector... more The crop insurance scheme in India has been a failure in all dimensions of the performance vector financial, economic, administrative, etc. excepting in the number of farmers it covers. This paper offers an alternative design in terms of loans, bonds and options whose interest rates and payoffs are linked to the adverse deviation in the level of rainfall, the dominant direct cause of loss in case of kharif crops and an exacerbating indirect cause of loss of a portion of rabi crops. These rainfall – related financial instruments entirely eliminate the problems of moral hazard and adverse selection because India possesses an independent rainfall reporting system. Valuation methods for the proposed ‘Varsha ’ instruments and financial engineering possibilities to create an active secondary market for them have been elaborated. 1 I would like to dedicate this paper to my teacher, the late Professor V.M. Dandekar whose work on crop insurance in the 70’s has culminated in the present Natio...
This paper explores the existence of monetary general equilibrium in the context of a classical m... more This paper explores the existence of monetary general equilibrium in the context of a classical model of general equilibrium theory. It begins by constructing the model of an ideal economy in which money is inessential This model is the counterpart of the Arrow-Hahn model that has no place for money. It then proceeds to articulate a more realistic model of a barter economy in which money plays an essential role in reducing transaction costs and materially improving the economic outcome. Technoinstitutional arrangements of currency and credit moneys have been discussed and the conditions under which a unique positive general equilibrium exists have been obtained. General disequilibrium is shown to prevail if a part of the proceeds or income generated by currently produced outputs are devoted to accumulating money balances, i.e. saving exceeds investment. Fiscal solutions for restoring full employment general equilibrium have also been demonstrated.
The production equations of the Sraffa system have an agrarian point-input point-output character... more The production equations of the Sraffa system have an agrarian point-input point-output character. This paper presents a generalization of the Sraffa system to cover continuousinput continuous-output processes. The resulting system turns out to be identical with Leontief's dynamic price model. It is shown that the generalized model possesses all the important properties of the usual Sraffa system such as the impossibility of devising a physical measure of capital, possibility of reswitching of techniques, etc. A further generalization to cover fixed capital has been made to show how the problems of joint utilization, transferability of fixed capital between industries and changing efficiency of machines over their lifetimes can be tackled. Some empirical observations on the general relation between the rate of profit, the on-cost markup rate and the rate of capital turnover have also been presented. These form the basis for a new formulation of the dynamic price and output syste...
Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics (GIPE), Pune (India) eBooks, 2016
FOREWORD 1. Maharashtra, which is one of the most urbanized States of the country, has worked ass... more FOREWORD 1. Maharashtra, which is one of the most urbanized States of the country, has worked assiduously towards restoring the rightful place of the local bodies in the political governance. This is evident from the conduct of free, fair and transparent elections by the State Election Commission since its inception in 1994 following the amendments to the Constitution of nearly 28,000 local bodies (26 Municipal Corporations, 340 Municipal Councils and Nagar Panchayats, 34 Zilla Parishads, 351 Panchayat Samitis and approx. 27,781 Gram Panchayats). 2. Collection and preservation of data of all the elections is necessary not only for understanding the dynamics of politics and but also for making improvements in the subsequent elections. It is unfortunate that very little data has been preserved of previous elections. Only data pertaining to number of reserved seats, voter turnout and seats won by different political parties is available and that too for Zilla Parishads, Panchayat Samitis, Municipal Councils and Municipal Corporations only. 3. State Election Commission, Maharashtra proposes to collect and preserve relevant data of all the elections from now onwards pertaining to the following broad categories: i. Arrangements done e.g. number of wards (with reservation), polling stations, polling personnel, vehicles etc. ii. Details given by candidates in nomination papers and affidavit e.g. Age, educational qualification, assets and liabilities, criminal background etc. iii. Activities during elections: e.g. violation of Model Code of Conduct, incidents of violence, re-poll etc. iv. Post elections e.g. expenditure incurred by the local bodies / candidates / political parties, profile of winning candidates etc.
I am very pleased to present the report titled "Why People Do Not Vote in Municipal Corporation E... more I am very pleased to present the report titled "Why People Do Not Vote in Municipal Corporation Elections: A Voter-based Survey in BMC" to the discerning readers and scholars of decentralization. As you must be aware, the State Election Commission of Maharashtra has been conducting local body elections in Maharashtra from 1994. It has been working tirelessly to increase the voter turnout and conduct elections in a free, fair and transparent manner. One of the issues in Municipal Corporation elections in Maharashtra is that of low voter turnout. Low voter turnouts imply that true representation of a majority gets denied to the population. The first step towards increasing voter turnout is to basically document, understand and analyze the different factors that lead to a low turnout. Only then can the solutions come across fruitfully. Let me express my gratitude to Shri Jageshwar Saharia, State Election Commissioner, Maharashtra, for granting this interesting study project of documenting and analyzing reasons for non-voting to the Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics. Shri Shekhar Channe, Secretary, State Election Commission, Maharashtra, guided and supported us at every stage of the project. Mrs. Manasi Phadke has been the chief coordinator and principal author of this report and has been driving the processes right from the methodological construction of the problem to writing the report, meticulously. Prof. Dnyandeo Talule has been our partner, lending his time and efforts generously to the completion of the project, for which I thank him. I must also thank Mr. Anand Karandikar, who lent his experience and insights on questionnaire design to our project generously. Mr. Rohit Deshpande, Seed Infotech Pvt. Ltd. gave us the software support for carrying out the survey using android devices. Vishal Gaikwad was our key support for conducting the field survey and analysis. Anjali Phadke handled the entire statistical analysis part of the project single-handedly. Ms. Manisha Shinde was in charge of data quality check, which she completed in a timely and efficient manner. Prof. Rajesh Bhatikar handled the editing of the report very efficiently. Mr. Vilas Mankar gave the technical and printing assistance to the project.
The Neera Devghar dam project in Pune district was completed in 2008. But the benefits of the pro... more The Neera Devghar dam project in Pune district was completed in 2008. But the benefits of the project are yet to reach the farmers as the government has failed to build the canal system to take the water to the farmers. The result is that the water in the dam flows off into the river without benefitting the drought-hit farmers in the four nearby talukas. “The dam was built and the power rights were sold off. But when it came to making canals to distribute the water to needy farmers, the government was cash strapped. The annual remuneration that the government could afford was Rs 40 crore whereas as per our calculation, at least Rs 360 crore was needed calculating the escalation per year. The state government then asked us how to revive the project,” said Rajas Parchure, director, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, who along with associate professor Anurag Asawa worked on the project. “On either side of the dam, there needs to be a 208-km and a 225-km long canal system to p...
The thesis is an attempt to formulate a theoretical framework that can be used to understand the ... more The thesis is an attempt to formulate a theoretical framework that can be used to understand the economic processes by which the national incomes, trade patterns, capital movements and exchange rates are simultaneously determined in a world economy comprising several sovereign but interdependent nations.
has been working tirelessly to document all aspects of voting in local body elections. In this pu... more has been working tirelessly to document all aspects of voting in local body elections. In this publication, voter perceptions regarding the polling process and the overall experience of voting have been documented.
The crop insurance scheme in India has been a failure in all dimensions of the performance vector... more The crop insurance scheme in India has been a failure in all dimensions of the performance vector financial, economic, administrative, etc. excepting in the number of farmers it covers. This paper offers an alternative design in terms of loans, bonds and options whose interest rates and payoffs are linked to the adverse deviation in the level of rainfall, the dominant direct cause of loss in case of kharif crops and an exacerbating indirect cause of loss of a portion of rabi crops. These rainfall – related financial instruments entirely eliminate the problems of moral hazard and adverse selection because India possesses an independent rainfall reporting system. Valuation methods for the proposed ‘Varsha ’ instruments and financial engineering possibilities to create an active secondary market for them have been elaborated. 1 I would like to dedicate this paper to my teacher, the late Professor V.M. Dandekar whose work on crop insurance in the 70’s has culminated in the present Natio...
This paper explores the existence of monetary general equilibrium in the context of a classical m... more This paper explores the existence of monetary general equilibrium in the context of a classical model of general equilibrium theory. It begins by constructing the model of an ideal economy in which money is inessential This model is the counterpart of the Arrow-Hahn model that has no place for money. It then proceeds to articulate a more realistic model of a barter economy in which money plays an essential role in reducing transaction costs and materially improving the economic outcome. Technoinstitutional arrangements of currency and credit moneys have been discussed and the conditions under which a unique positive general equilibrium exists have been obtained. General disequilibrium is shown to prevail if a part of the proceeds or income generated by currently produced outputs are devoted to accumulating money balances, i.e. saving exceeds investment. Fiscal solutions for restoring full employment general equilibrium have also been demonstrated.
The production equations of the Sraffa system have an agrarian point-input point-output character... more The production equations of the Sraffa system have an agrarian point-input point-output character. This paper presents a generalization of the Sraffa system to cover continuousinput continuous-output processes. The resulting system turns out to be identical with Leontief's dynamic price model. It is shown that the generalized model possesses all the important properties of the usual Sraffa system such as the impossibility of devising a physical measure of capital, possibility of reswitching of techniques, etc. A further generalization to cover fixed capital has been made to show how the problems of joint utilization, transferability of fixed capital between industries and changing efficiency of machines over their lifetimes can be tackled. Some empirical observations on the general relation between the rate of profit, the on-cost markup rate and the rate of capital turnover have also been presented. These form the basis for a new formulation of the dynamic price and output syste...
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