1987 West German federal election

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1987 West German federal election
← 1983 25 January 1987 (1987-01-25) 1990
(reunification) →
All 497 seats in the Bundestag[lower-alpha 1]
249 seats needed for a majority
Registered 45,327,982 Increase 2.8%
Turnout 38,225,294 (84.3%) Decrease 4.8pp
  First party Second party
  Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F074398-0021 Kohl (cropped).jpg Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F073494-0025, Bundespressekonferenz, Bundestagswahlkampf, Rau.jpg
Candidate Helmut Kohl Johannes Rau
Party CDU/CSU SPD
Last election 48.8%, 244 seats 38.2%, 193 seats
Seats won 223[lower-alpha 2] 186[lower-alpha 3]
Seat change Decrease 21 Decrease 7
Popular vote 16,761,572 14,025,763
Percentage 44.2% 37.0%
Swing Decrease 4.6pp Decrease 1.2pp
  Third party Fourth party
  Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F052010-0020, Kiel, FDP-Bundesparteitag, Bangemann.jpg File:Petra Kelly, 1987 (cropped).jpg
Candidate Martin Bangemann Petra Kelly
Party FDP Alliance 90/The Greens
Last election 6.9%, 34 seats 5.6%, 27 seats
Seats won 46[lower-alpha 4] 42[lower-alpha 5]
Seat change Increase 12 Increase 15
Popular vote 3,440,911 3,126,256
Percentage 9.1% 8.3%
Swing Increase 2.2pp Increase 2.7pp
300px
The left side shows the winning party vote in the constituencies, the right side shows the seats won by parties in each of the states. The pie chart over West Berlin shows the partisan composition of its legislature.
Government before election

Second Kohl cabinet
CDU/CSU–FDP

 Government after election

Third Kohl cabinet
CDU/CSU–FDP

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Federal elections were held in West Germany on 25 January 1987 to elect the members of the 11th Bundestag. This was the last federal election held in West Germany before German reunification.

Issues and campaign

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The SPD nominated Johannes Rau, their vice chairman and the Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia, as their candidate for Chancellor. However, the SPD suffered from internal divisions and competition with the Greens.[citation needed] It was also unclear as to how they would form a government, as the Greens were divided over whether to take part in governments.[citation needed]

One of the major issues in this election was the environment, after the Chernobyl disaster and other accidents.[citation needed]

Results

300px
Party Constituency Party list Total
seatsa		 +/–
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
Social Democratic Party (SPD) 14,787,953 39.2 79 14,025,763 37.0 107 186 −7
Christian Democratic Union (CDU)b 14,168,527 37.5 124 13,045,745 34.4 50 174 −17
Christian Social Union (CSU)b 3,859,244 10.2 45 3,715,827 9.8 4 49 −4
Free Democratic Party (FDP) 1,760,496 4.7 0 3,440,911 9.1 46 46 +12
The Greens (GRÜNE)c 2,649,459 7.0 0 3,126,256 8.3 42 42 +15
National Democratic Party (NPD) 182,880 0.5 0 227,054 0.6 0 0 0
Ecological Democratic Party (ÖDP) 40,765 0.1 0 109,152 0.3 0 0 0
The Women (FRAUEN) – – – 62,904 0.2 0 0 New
Bavaria Party (BP) 8,024 0.0 0 26,367 0.1 0 0 0
Responsible Citizens 611 0.0 0 24,630 0.1 0 0 New
Patriots for Germany (Patrioten)d 27,352 0.1 0 22,732 0.1 0 0 0
Centre Party (ZENTRUM) 4,020 0.0 0 19,035 0.1 0 0 0
Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany (MLPD) 596 0.0 0 13,422 0.0 0 0 New
Christian Bavarian People's Party (CBV) 741 0.0 0 5,282 0.0 0 0 0
All Social Insurants and Pensioners (ASD) 3,151 0.0 0 1,834 0.0 0 0 New
Free German Workers' Party (FAP) 349 0.0 0 405 0.0 0 0 New
Humanist Party (HP) 788 0.0 0 – – – 0 New
Solidarity (SOLIDARITÄT) 754 0.0 0 – – – 0 New
Independent Workers' Party (UAP) 352 0.0 0 – – – 0 0
Family Party (FAMILIE) 130 0.0 0 – – – 0 New
Free Social Union (FSU) 110 0.0 0 – – – 0 0
Independents and voter groups 246,511 0.7 0 – – – 0 0
Valid votes 37,742,813 98.7 – 37,867,319 99.1 – – –
Invalid/blank votes 482,481 1.3 – 357,975 0.9 – – –
Total votes 38,225,294 100.0 248 38,225,294 100.0 249 497 −1
Registered voters/turnout 45,327,982 84.3 – 45,327,982 84.3 – – –
Source: Bundeswahlleiter
^a – excludes the non-voting delegates for West Berlin (11 CDU, 7 SPD, 2 FDP, 2 AL).
^b – The Christian Democratic Union and the Christian Social Union of Bavaria call themselves sister parties. They do not compete against each other in the same geographical regions and they form one group within the Bundestag.
^c – known as Alternative Liste für Demokratie und Umweltschutz (AL) in West Berlin.
^d – previously the European Workers' Party (Europäische Arbeiter-Partei, EAP).
↓
223 46 186 42
CDU/CSU FDP SPD Grüne
Popular vote
CDU/CSU
  
 44.26%
SPD
  
 37.04%
FDP
  
 9.09%
GRÜNE
  
 8.26%
Other
  
 1.35%
Bundestag seats
CDU/CSU
  
 44.87%
SPD
  
 37.42%
FDP
  
 9.26%
GRÜNE
  
 8.45%
File:1987 federal german result.svg
Seat results – SPD in red, Greens in green, FDP in yellow, CDU/CSU in black

Results by state

Constituency seats

State Total
seats		 Seats won
CDU SPD CSU
Baden-Württemberg 37 36 1
Bavaria 45 45
Bremen 3 3
Hamburg 7 2 5
Hesse 22 14 8
Lower Saxony 31 18 13
North Rhine-Westphalia 71 33 38
Rhineland-Palatinate 16 11 5
Saarland 5 2 3
Schleswig-Holstein 11 8 3
Total 248 124 79 45

List seats

State Total
seats		 Seats won
SPD CDU FDP Grüne CSU
Baden-Württemberg 37 21 9 7
Bavaria 42 24 7 7 4
Bremen 4 2 1 1
Hamburg 7 1 3 1 2
Hesse 23 10 5 4 4
Lower Saxony 32 13 8 6 5
North Rhine-Westphalia 72 24 25 12 11
Rhineland-Palatinate 16 7 4 3 2
Saarland 5 1 2 1 1
Schleswig-Holstein 11 6 1 2 2
Total 249 107 50 46 42 4

Post-election

The coalition between the CDU/CSU and the FDP returned to government, with Helmut Kohl as Chancellor. The Greens came into parliament for the second time and seemed to be established on federal level.

Notes

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References

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Sources


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