Acanthephippium
Acanthephippium | |
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File:Acanthephippium javanicum.jpg | |
Acanthephippium javanicum 1850 illustration[1] |
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Scientific classification | |
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Calanthe
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Genus: |
Acanthephippium
Blume, 1825
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Species | |
See Section Species |
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Acanthephippium is a genus of orchid with twelve species (family Orchidaceae). The name of this genus is derived from the Greek words acanthos ("spiny") and ephippion ("saddle"), referring to the saddle-like labellum of the plants.
This terrestrial and sometimes myco-heterotrophic genus of sympodial orchids is distributed from the Indian subcontinent to China, Japan, Southeast Asia, New Guinea and the southwest Pacific.[2]
The terrestrial species are up to 80 cm tall. They have short rhizomes. The oblong and fleshy pseudobulbs are up to 25 cm tall. They produce at their apex 2 to 3 large plicate, lanceolate, parallel-veined leaves, which can be up to 65 cm long.[3]
The erect inflorescence arises laterally from the pseudobulbs, with 3 to 6 flowers, subtended by large, glabrous bracts. The flowers are prominent, large, striated cup- or urn-shaped, fleshy, waxy, and about 4 cm long. They resemble a tulip, a most unusual shape for an orchid. The flowers have a wide range of colors, from dull yellow to red to shades of orange and pink, marked with stripes or spots. The blossoms are usually odiferous with a very strong fragrance.[3]
This genus is allied to genera Calanthe, Cephalantheropsis, Phaius, and Spathoglottis.
Species
- Acanthephippium bicolor (S. India, Sri Lanka, New Guinea).
- Acanthephippium chrysoglossum (W. Sumatra).
- Acanthephippium curtisii (Borneo - Sarawak).
- Acanthephippium eburneum (N. Sumatra, Borneo - Sarawak).
- Acanthephippium gougahensis (Thailand, Vietnam).
- Acanthephippium javanicum (W. Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, New Guinea). (type species; commonly grown)
- Acanthephippium lilacinum (N. Borneo).
- Acanthephippium mantinianum (Philippines) (commonly grown)
- Acanthephippium parviflorum (Vietnam, S. Sumatra to Java).
- Acanthephippium sinense (China)
- Acanthephippium splendidum (Sulawesi to SW. Pacific, New Guinea).
- Acanthephippium striatum (E. Himalaya to Java). (commonly grown)
- Acanthephippium sylhetense (Sikkim to Philippines)
References
- ↑ Fitch del. et lith. (= Walter Hood Fitch, 1817-1892) William Jackson Hooker (1785—1865) ed. - "Curtis's botanical magazine" vol. 76 ser. 3 nr. 6 tab. 4492
- ↑ Flora of China, v 25 p 309, 坛花兰属 tan hua lan shu, Acanthephippium Blume, Bijdr. 353. 1825.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Thomas, S.A. 1997 - Taxonomic revision of the genus Acanthephippium (Orchidaceae). Orchid Monographs, Vol. 8, pp. 119–134, 178-179, 236-246, figures 56-66, plates 5c-6d. Rijksherbarium / Hortus Botanicus, Leiden, The Netherlands.
External links
- Media related to Acanthephippium at Wikimedia Commons
- Data related to Acanthephippium at Wikispecies
- American Orchid Society, Acanthephippium mantinianum L.Linden & Cogn.
- IOSPE orchid photos, Acanthephippium sylhetense
- Orchid Cambodia, Acanthephippium gouhahensis
- Papua New Guinea Orchids, Acanthephippium
- Swiss Orchid Foundation at Herbarium Jany Renz, Acanthephippium gougahensis (Guillaumin) Seidenf.
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