Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev

Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev
File:Poststamp Yakovlev.jpg
Born	April 1 [O.S. March 19] 1906 Moscow, Russian Empire
Died	Moscow, Soviet Union
Nationality	Soviet Union, Russia
Parent(s)	Nina Vladimirovna
Engineering career
Engineering discipline	Aeronautical Engineering
Employer(s)	Yakovlev design bureau

Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Я́ковлев) (April 1 [O.S. March 19] 1906 – August 22, 1989) was a Soviet aeronautical engineer. He designed the Yakovlev military aircraft and founded the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Yakovlev was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1938.

Biography

Yakovlev was born in Moscow, where his father was an employee of the Nobel Brothers oil company. From 1919-1921 he worked as a part-time courier while still in school, and in 1922 he built his first model airplane as part of a school project. In 1924, he built a glider, the AVF-10, which made its first flight on September 24, 1924. The design won an award, and secured him a position as a worker at the Zhukovsky Air Force Military Engineering Academy. However, his repeated attempts to gain admission to the Academy were denied due to his “lack of proletariat origins”. In 1927, Yakovlev designed the AIR-1 ultralight aircraft. This was the first of a series of ten aircraft he designed between 1927-1933.

In 1927, Yakovlev finally gained admittance to the Academy, and graduated in 1931. He was then assigned to the Moscow Aviation Plant № 39, where his first design bureau of lightweight aviation was established in 1932. He became the main designer in 1935, then the chief designer (1956–1984) of aircraft for the Yakovlev Design Bureau.

The Yakovlev Design Bureau developed large numbers of fighter aircraft used by the Soviet Air Force during World War II. Particularly well known are the Yak-1, Yak-3 and Yak-9 as well as the Yak-6 transport. In 1945 Yakovlev designed one of the first Soviet aircraft with a jet engine, the Yak-15. He also designed the first Soviet all-weather interceptor, the Yak-25P, and the first Soviet supersonic bomber, the Yak-28. In the post-war period, Yakovlev was best known for the civilian airliner, the Yak-42, a three-engine medium-range aircraft, and numerous models for aerobatics.

Yakovlev served under Joseph Stalin as a Vice-Minister of Aviation Industry between 1940–1946. Before the start of World War II, he made a number of trips aboard, including Italy, England and Germany, to study aircraft development in those countries. After the start of the war, he helped supervise the evacuation of aircraft factories to the east, and the organization of production, while continuing as head designer of his Bureau. He was also a correspondent-member of the USSR Academy of Science in 1943. In 1946 he was awarded the title "General-Colonel of Aviation".

In 1976 Yakovlev became academician of the USSR Academy of Science. He was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1946–1989). Yakovlev retired August 21, 1984. He was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

Awards and honors

• Hero of Socialist Labour (1940, 1957)
• Lenin Prize (1972)
• Stalin Prize (1941, 1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1948)
• USSR State Prize 1977)
• Order of Lenin (10 times)
• Order of the October Revolution
• Order of the Red Banner (twice)
• Order of Suvorov, 1st and 2nd class,
• Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st class (twice)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labour
• Order of the Red Star
• Legion of Honor, Officer (France)
• Gold medal of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale

See also

• List of Russian aerospace engineers

Further reading

• Iakovlev, I.A. “Aim of a Lifetime, Story of Alexander Yakovlev, Designer of the YAK Fighter Plane”, Central Publishers, 1972, ISBN 0-7147-0474-1