Astyanax (fish)

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Astyanax
Astyanax mexicanus 01.jpg
Astyanax mexicanus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Characiformes
Family:
Characidae
Genus:
Astyanax
Type species
Astyanax argentatus
Baird & Girard, 1854
Synonyms

Anoptichthys Hubbs & Innes, 1936
Bertoniolus Fowler, 1918
Evenichthys Whitley, 1935
Poecilurichthys Gill, 1858
Psalidodon Eigenmann, 1911
Zygogaster Eigenmann, 1913

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Astyanax is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Characidae of the order Characiformes. Some of these fish, like many of their relatives, are kept as aquarium pets and known collectively as tetras. With around 140 described species and new ones being described every few months, this genus is among the largest of the entire order; Hyphessobrycon also has more than 130 species, and which one is larger at any one time depends on whether more species have been recently described in one or the other. The blind cave fish, a form of A. mexicanus, is a famous member of this genus. A. jordani a different but closely related blind fish, was formerly considered to form its own genus, Anoptichthys.

The type species is A. mexicanus, the Mexican tetra. The generic name comes from Astyanax, a character in Greek mythology, who was the son of Hector of Troy; in homage to this, several specific epithets also refer to the Iliad.[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

This genus is more or less defined as in 1917 by Carl H. Eigenmann. The lack of comprehensive phylogenetic analyses dealing with this genus is hindering a thorough review, and the relationships remain as indeterminate as the monophyly is doubtful. Although included in Astyanax by FishBase, phylogenetic evidence supports moving A. aurocaudatus back to the monotypic genus Carlastyanax.[2]

Species

There are currently 146 recognized species in this genus:

References

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  1. ↑ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2015). Species of Astyanax in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  2. ↑ Mirande, J.M., Jerep, F.C. & Vanegas-Ríos, J.A. (2013): Phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic Carlastyanax aurocaudatus (Eigenmann) with remarks on the phylogeny of the Stevardiinae (Teleostei: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 11 (4): 747-766.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Lucena, C.A.S.d., Castro, J.B. & Bertaco, V.A. (2013): Three new species of Astyanax from drainages of southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 11 (3): 537-552.
  6. ↑ Bertaco, V.A. (2014): Astyanax douradilho, a new characid fish from the rio Tramandaí system, southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 3794 (3): 492–500.
  7. ↑ Ingenito, L.F.S. & Duboc, L.F. (2014): A new species of Astyanax (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Iguaçu basin, southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 281-290.
  8. ↑ Oliveira, C.A.M., Abilhoa, V. & Pavanelli, C.S. (2013): Astyanax guaricana (Ostariophysi: Characidae), a new species from the rio Cubatão drainage, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 11 (2): 291-296.
  9. ↑ Marinho, M.M.F., Camelier, P. & Birindelli, J.L.O. (2015): Redescription of Astyanax guianensis Eigenmann 1909 (Characiformes: Characidae), a poorly known and widespread fish from the Amazon, Orinoco and Guiana Shield drainages. Zootaxa, 3931 (4): 568–578.
  10. ↑ Camelier, P. & Zanata, A.M. (2014): A new species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Rio Paraguaçu basin, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with comments on bony hooks on all fins. Journal of Fish Biology, 84 (2): 475–490
  11. ↑ Freitas, M.R.M., Lucinda, P.H.F. & Lucena, C.A.S. (2015): Redescription of Astyanax novae Eigenmann, 1911 (Teleostei: Characidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 26 (2): 183-192.
  12. ↑ Lucena, C.A.S.d., Bertaco, V.A. & Berbigier, G. (2013): A new species of Astyanax from headwater streams of southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 3700 (2): 226–236.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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