East Brother Island Light

East Brother Island Light

300px East Brother Island in 2012, with the light on the left.
Location	Off Point San Pablo, San Francisco Bay
Coordinates
Year first constructed	1874
Automated	1969
Tower shape	Square buff colored wood tower attached to keeper’s house, a two-story Victorian placed on a blasted away 1-acre (0.40 ha) rock. There was an assistant keeper’s house, equipment building, cistern, and water tank. The water cistern was blasted to a depth of 30 feet (9.1 m) and is capable of holding 50,000 US gallons (190 m3) of rain water.
Height	48 feet (15 m) with height of focal plane 61 feet (19 m)
Original lens	Fourth order Fresnel lens
Current lens	FA 251
Admiralty number	G4215
ARLHS number	USA-258
USCG number	6-5865
California Historical Landmark
Reference no.	951

East Brother Island Lighthouse is a lighthouse located on East Brother Island near the tip of Point San Pablo in Richmond, California. It marks the entrance to San Pablo Bay from San Francisco Bay.

File:East Brother Light Station map en.png

Map of East Brother Island

Built in 1874 and automated in 1969, the lighthouse was designed in the American Stick style by Paul J. Pelz, who also designed East Brother Island's sister stations, Point Fermin Light in San Pedro CA, Mare Island Light, in Carquinez Strait, California (demolished in the 1930s), Point Hueneme Light in California (replaced in 1940), Hereford Inlet Light in North Wildwood, New Jersey, and Point Adams Light in Washington State (burned down by the Lighthouse Service in 1912), all in essentially the same style. The former keeper's house began operating as a bed and breakfast in 1980 and offers guests a unique and elegant getaway. Day visitors may come to the island for a small fee to hang out and enjoy the vistas.

History

Although the U.S. government recognized the need for a light to mark the area, mainland property was not available at a reasonable price. Instead the government turned its attention to the island, which it already owned. Large-scale blasting leveled the island off, and the two-story keeper's house was built with the attached tower and a fog signal building. The lamp was first lit on March 1, 1874.

Two of the most notable lighthouse keepers were John Stenmark and Willard Miller, each of whom logged twenty years of service, more than any other keepers. Originally from Sweden, Stenmark joined the lighthouse service at age twenty and distinguished himself for bravery during a boating accident. He was eventually appointed keeper at East Brother in 1894, and he lived at the station with his wife and four children. Miller began his tenure at East Brother in 1922. During his service the light was upgraded to a fixed, fifth-order Fresnel lens, powered by a 500-watt bulb. The steam fog signal was also converted to a compressor-driven diaphone. A serious accident on March 4, 1940 resulted in a fire that destroyed the island's wharf and boathouse along with four boats.

The United States Lighthouse Service ran the lighthouse operation until 1939, when the Lighthouse Service merged with the United States Coast Guard. Large families occupied the lighthouse. They had to light the original lens wick and keep it filled with whale oil. On many foggy nights, they would have to fire up the steam boilers to drive the foghorns, hauling coal up the long ramp from the boat. After the lighthouse was automated, the government wanted to tear down the keeper's house and other buildings, but protests from local residents prevented the demolition. The lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. After several years of neglect, a non-profit group, East Brother Light Station, Inc., was formed in 1979 to restore the landmark. Government grants, private donations, and volunteer labor restored the structures on the island, which are now used for the bed-and-breakfast.

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  East Brother Light in 2013

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  The light as seen from the deck of the World War II Liberty Ship SS Jeremiah O'Brien

Keepers

• Samuel M. Farran (1874–1880)
• Charles F. Winsor (1880–1887)
• P.J. Quinlan (1887–1894)
• John O. Stenmark (1894–1914)
• John P. Kofod (1914–1921)
• Herbert Luff (1921)
• J. Dunn (1921–1922)
• Willard Miller (1922–1942)
• J.S. McGrath (1942–1944)
• E.P. Perry (1944-?)
• Mickey Edward Thurman (Coast Guard, c. 1944-1947)

First assistants

• John Cawley (1874–1881)
• Joseph M. Page (1881–1883)
• Albert Tippett (1883–1886)
• Charles A. Paulson (1886–1888)
• Charles McCarthy (1889–1890)
• Martin Haave (1890–1893)
• James Anderson (1893–1901)
• Oscar Sellman (1901)
• Charles A. Paulson (1901–1902)
• John W. Astrom (1902-?)
• Andrew Szarnecker (1908-?)
• C.E. Clark (1909–1918)
• E.C. Easton (1918)
• D. O. Kinyon (1918-?)
• W. Monette (1919-?)
• A.H. Joost (1921)
• T.F. Brown (1921-?)
• F.L. Pike (1922–1926)
• Roy L. Murphy (1926–1928)
• Frederick S. Cobb (1928–1930)
• J.H. Sylvia (1930)
• W.J. Atkins (1931–1936)
• Earl Snodgrass (1936–1943)
• Frank Dacosta (1943-?)

Second assistants

• F. Moran (1874-?)
• James Rankin (c. 1878)
• William McCarthy (1878–1880)

See also

• The Brothers (San Francisco Bay)

External links

• East Brother Light Station
• East Brother, CA at LighthouseFriends.com
• East Brother Light Station at www.us-lighthouses.com
• East Brother Island Light at the National Register of Historic Places