Gonda, Uttar Pradesh

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This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Gonda district.

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For other uses, see Gonda (disambiguation).

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Gonda
गोण्डा
City
Gonda is located in Uttar Pradesh
Gonda
Gonda
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Gonda
Government
 • Type UP government
Area rank ---> 43
Elevation 120 m (390 ft)
Population (2001)
 • Total 122,164
Languages
 • Official Hindi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Website www.gonda.nic.in

Gonda is a city and municipal board of Gonda district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 125 km north east of the state capital Lucknow. Gonda is divided into four tahsils named Gonda, Colonelganj, Tarabganj and Mankapur.

Geography

Gonda is located at Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..[1] It has an average elevation of 120 metres (393 feet). The holy rivers Sarayu and Ghaghara pass through the district. Other important rivers are Terhi and Kuawano. The Ghaghara River splits the entire district into two parts - the northern and southern part. The town of Gonda falls in the northern part with Ghaghara bordering the district's entire southern boundary. Temperature ranges from 0 degrees in January to more than 47 degrees Celsius in May. Average Annual precipitation is very high as the district lies in the Terai region along the Himalayas. Rainfall varies from 1500 mm to 2000 mm. Annual devastating floods during monsoons is very common because of heavy precipitation and flowing currents from the Shivalik mountains. The highest temperature recorded in the Uttar Pradesh was 49.9°C on 8 May 1958 at Gonda.

History

The name of this district comes from the Sanskrit - Hindi word of Goshala, meaning cowshed. The cowsheds of the royal lineage of Ayodhya viz. Ikshavaku (Raghukul) of the Solar dynasty were located here. The territory covered by the present district of Gonda is a part of the ancient Kosala Kingdom. After the departure of Lord Rama to Saket dham, the celebrated sovereign of the Solar line who ruled Kosala, the kingdom was divided into two portions defined by the Ghaghara river. The northern portion was then ruled by his son, Lava with the city of Sravasti as his capital.[2] Sravasti was prosperous and progressive during Buddhas time.

More recently, ancient Buddhist remains dating to the early days of Buddhism have been found throughout the region, including Sravasti.[3]

During the medieval period, the first Muslim invasion of the region, to the north of the Ghaghara River, took place in the second quarter of 11th century under Syed Salar Masood. The rulers of Gonda and surrounding districts formed a league to offer united resistance to Masood. Masood could not withstand of the league of more than 13 local kings and was surrounded by their armies all around and was defeated. In the second half of the 13th century Gonda was included in the government of Bahraich by the early Muslim rulers, and hence has no independent history of its own. Further, there is no specific reference about the district until the reign of the Tughlaqs.

In 1394, the district came under the rule of Khwaja Jahan Malik Sarwar, the founder of the Sharqi dynasty of Jaunpur. From earliest days of Muslim domination till the advent of Akbar, the history of Gonda district is primarily the history of local clans. During the early phase of this period the whole of Gonda and much of the surrounding region was ruled by Bhars, Pasi kings who come are categorized into lower social order(SC/ST). The district formed an integral part of the empire of Akbar (1556–1605).

During the Non Cooperation Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi people from this district actively participated. On 9 October 1929, Gandhi visited the district along with Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

Gonda played a significant role in the Indian struggle for independence. So many people from the region actively participated including Maharaja Devi Bakhsha Singh, who escaped later to Nepal.[4] Revolutionaries like Chandra Shekhar Azad also took shelter here and one of his partymen Rajendra Lahiri was incarcerated and hanged in the Gonda Jail on 17 December 1927 in Kakori Conspiracy.

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Gonda urban agglomeration had a population of 138,929, out of which males were 71,475 and females were 67,454. The literacy rate was 80.32 per cent.[5]

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See also: List of cities in Uttar Pradesh
Religions in Gonda
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 60%
Muslims
  
 38%
Jains
  
 1.4%
Others†
  
 0.6%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Overview

Gonda is also known for Ghagh, a legendary agriculture and weather specialist of folk culture. Mahakavi Ghagh, Adam Gondavi, Suresh Mokalpuri,[6] Shiva Kant Mishra 'Vidrohi', Satish Arya - the poets of Hindi literature belong to this district.[7] Urdu poet Niyaz Ahmed "Saher" (1939–2010)- the adopted son of Jigar Moradabadi, also belong to Gonda. The founder of the Swaminarayan Sampradaya, Swaminarayan was born as Ghanshyam Pandey in the village Chhapaiya of Gonda district. As a child, he also lived in Ayodhya and visited the town of Gonda on a pilgrimage with his parents.[8] The Swaminarayan Akshardham temple in New Delhi is dedicated to him, as Akshardham is his divine abode. Acharya Patanjali[9] born 200 years before the Christian Era, who is called as Father or founder of Yoga hailed from Gonda in Uttar Pradesh.

Famous places

Swaminarayan Chhapaiyā: The village of Chhapaiya is situated at a distance of 50 km from the district headquarters. The chief interest of the place is Swaminarayan temple which marks the birthplace of Swaminarayan, or Sahajanand Swami, who was born here on 2 April 1781 as Ghanshyam Pande. Ghanshyam left Chhapaiya at the age of 11 to travel to the pilgrimage sites around India. He completed his pilgrimage in Western Gujarat, where he assumed the leadership of Swaminarayan Sampradaya. The very famous Akshardham temples in New Delhi and in Gandhinagar, Gujarat built by his spiritual successor, Pramukh Swami Maharaj, are both dedicated to him. His followers consider him to be a manifestation of the Supreme Godhead.[10] There have been many movies about the Swaminarayan filmed in this temple in Chhapaiya and in nearby places in the district.

Local colleges

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2

See also

References

  1. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Gonda
  2. ↑ Gonda District at The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1908, v. 12, p. 312.
  3. ↑ India Divine
  4. ↑ 1857:The Oral Tradition, Pankaj Rag, Rupa Publication,2010
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ [1]
  7. ↑ [2]
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ [3]
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ [4]
  12. ↑ [5]
  13. ↑ [6]
  14. ↑ [7]
  15. ↑ [8]
  16. ↑ [9]
  17. ↑ [10]
  18. ↑ [11]
  19. ↑ [12]
  20. ↑ [13]
  21. ↑ [14]
  22. ↑ [15]
  23. ↑ [16]
  24. ↑ [17]
  25. ↑ [18]
  26. ↑ [19]
  27. ↑ [20]
  28. ↑ [21]
  29. ↑ [22]
  30. ↑ [23]
  31. ↑ [24]
  32. ↑ [25]
  33. ↑ [26]
  34. ↑ [27]
  35. ↑ [28]
  36. ↑ [29]
  37. ↑ [30]
  38. ↑ [31]
  39. ↑ [32]

External links

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