Kagayanen language

Kagayanen
Native to	Philippines
Region	eastern Palawan
Native speakers	30,000 (2007)
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Mindanao Manobo North Kagayanen
Language codes
ISO 639-3	cgc
Glottolog	kaga1256

The Kagayanen language is spoken in the province of Palawan in the Philippines.

Sounds

Kagayanen consonant phonemes

	Labial		Coronal		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal		m		n				ŋ
Stop	p	b	t	d			k	g	ʔ
Fricative			s						(h)
Approximant (Lateral)				ð̞		j		w
				l
Rhotic				r

[h] occurs only in loan words, proper names, or in words that have [h] in the cognates of neighboring languages. Outside of loanwords, /d/ becomes [r] between vowels.

Comparative and historical evidence suggests that /ð̞/ and /l/ were in complementary distribution before a split occurred with pressure from contact with English, Spanish, and Tagalog.

Vowels of Kagayanen

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i	ə	u
Open		a

/i/ ranges between [i] and [e], except in unstressed syllables (as well as before consonant clusters) where it lowers to [ɪ] or [ɛ]. Similarly, /u/ lowers to [ʊ] in unstressed syllables, before consonant clusters, and word-finally. It is otherwise [u].