Kalpana-1

Kalpana-1
	File:METSAT Kalpana-1 deployed view.png Kalpana-1 Deployed
Mission type	Weather
Operator	ISRO
COSPAR ID	2002-043A
Website	Kalpana-1 on ISRO Web-site
Mission duration	7 years
Spacecraft properties
Bus	I-2000 / I-1500 Bus
Manufacturer	ISRO Satellite Center; Space Applications Centre
Launch mass	1,060 kilograms (2,340 lb)
Dry mass	498 kilograms (1,098 lb)
Power	550 watts
Start of mission
Launch date	12 September 2002, 10:24:00 UTC
Rocket	PSLV C4
Launch site	SHAR, Satish Dhawan FLP
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Geostationary
Longitude	74° East
Eccentricity	0.0
Perigee	35,807.7 kilometres (22,249.9 mi)
Apogee	35,779.0 kilometres (22,232.0 mi)
Inclination	0 degrees
Period	24 hours
Instruments
	VHRR

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Kalpana-1 is the first dedicated meteorological satellite launched by Indian Space Research Organisation using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on 2002-09-12. The satellite is three-axis stabilized and is powered by solar panels, getting up to 550 watts of power. The METSAT bus was used as the basis for the Chandrayaan lunar orbiter mission of 2008.

History

Originally known as MetSat-1, the satellite was the first launched by the PSLV into the Geostationary orbit. On February 5, 2003 it was renamed to Kalpana-1 by the Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in memory of Kalpana Chawla—a NASA astronaut who perished in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.

The satellite features a Very High Resolution scanning Radiometer (VHRR), for three-band images (visible, infrared, and thermal infrared) with a resolution of 2 x 2 km, and a Data Relay Transponder (DRT) payload to provide data to weather terrestrial platforms.^[3] Its mission is to collect data in layer of clouds, water vapor, and temperature of the atmosphere.

The three band images are:

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