List of Mongol states
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. This is a list of Mongol states. The Mongols are responsible for establishing many states such as the vast Mongol Empire and its descendants. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.
Contents
Pre-modern states
Name | Years | Area | Map | Capital | |||||
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Khanates in the 10th-12th centuries | |||||||||
Khamag Mongol Khanate | 10th century–1206 | ||||||||
Merkit Khanate | 11th–mid 12 century | ||||||||
Naiman Khanate | –1204 | ||||||||
Tatar Khanate | 6th—10th century/(9th – mid 12th century?) | ||||||||
Mongol Empire and Yuan dynasty | |||||||||
Mongol Empire | 1206–1368 | 33,000,000 km2[1][2] | Avarga (1206–35) Karakorum (1235–60) Khanbaliq (1260–1368) |
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Yuan dynasty | 1271-1368 | 14,000,000 km2(1310)[3] | Khanbaliq (Dadu, Beijing) |
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Golden Horde | |||||||||
Golden Horde | 1240–1502 | 6,000,000 km2(1310)[1] | Sarai Batu | ||||||
Great Horde | 1466–1502 | ||||||||
Chagatai Khanate | |||||||||
Chagatai Khanate | 1225–1340s | 3,500,000 km2(1310)[1][3] | Almaliq Qarshi |
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Western Chagatai Khanate | 1340s–1370 | ||||||||
Moghulistan | 1340–1462 | ||||||||
Kara Del Khanate | 1383–1513 | ||||||||
Ilkhanate | |||||||||
Ilkhanate | 1256–1335 | 3,750,000 km2 [1][3] |
Maragha (1256–1265) Tabriz (1265–1306) Soltaniyeh (1306–1335) |
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Chobanids | 1335–1357 | Tabriz | |||||||
Injuids | 1335–1357 | Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432) |
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Jalayirid Sultanate | 1335–1432 | Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432) |
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Arghun dynasty | 1479?–1599? | ||||||||
Genghisid Northern Yuan dynasty | |||||||||
Northern Yuan dynasty |
1368–1691 | 5,000,000 km2(1550)[3] | Shangdu (1368–69) Yingchang (1369–70) Karakorum (1371–88) |
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Khotogoid Khanate (subject of the Northern Yuan) |
late 16th – late 17th century | in Mongolia | |||||||
Oirats - Non-Genghisid states | |||||||||
Four Oirat | 1399–1634 | 1,000,000 km2 (15th - late 16th) ~1,600,000 km2 (early 17th century) |
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Dzungar Khanate | 1634–1758 | 3,500,000—4,000,000 km2 | |||||||
Khoshut Khanate | 1642?–1717 | ~1,400,000 km2 | |||||||
Kalmyk Khanate | 1630–1771 | ||||||||
Timurid states (Persianate Turco-Mongol states) | |||||||||
Timurid Empire | 1370–1507 | 4,400,000 km2 (1405) |
Samarkand (1370–1505) Herat(1505–1507) |
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Mughal Empire | 1526–1857 | 3,200,000 km2 (1700) |
Agra (1526–1571) Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585) Lahore (1585–1598) Agra (1598–1648) Shahjahanabad/Delhi (1648–1857) |
Modern states
Name | Years | Area | Map | Capital |
---|---|---|---|---|
Balagad state (Buryats) |
1919–1926[4][5][6][7] | In Kizhinginsky District, Buryatia | ||
Republic of Oirat-Kalmyk | 1930 | Kalmykia | ||
Republic of Southern Mongolia | 1945 | In Inner Mongolia | ||
State of Mongolia (Bogd Khaganate) |
1911-1924 | Ikh Khuree (Ulaanbaatar) |
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People's Republic of Mongolia | 1924-1992 | Ulaanbaatar | ||
Mongolia | 1992–present | 1,564,115.75 km2 | 90px |
Autonomous areas
In Russia
Name | Years | Capital | Area | Map |
---|---|---|---|---|
State of Buryat-Mongolia | 1917–1921 | Chita | ||
Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast | 1922–1923 | |||
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast | 1921–1923 | |||
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | 1923–1958 | Ulan-Ude | ||
Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | 1958–1992 | 90px | ||
Republic of Buryatia | 1992–present | 351,300 km2 |
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Agin Buryat-Mongol National Okrug | 1937–1958 | Aginskoye | 90px | |
Agin-Buryat National Okrug | 1958–1977 | |||
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug | 1977–2008 | 9,6002 |
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Ust-Orda Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Okrug | 1937–1958 | Ust-Ordynsky | 90px | |
Ust-Orda Buryat National Okrug | 1958–1978 | |||
Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug | 1978–2008 | 22,1382 |
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Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast | 1920–1935 1957–1958 |
Astrakhan (till 1928) Elista |
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Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic | 1935–1943 1958–1990 |
Elista | 90px | |
Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic | 1990–1992 | |||
Kalmyk Republic-Halmg-Tangch | 1992–1994 | |||
Kalmyk Republic | 1994–present | 76,100 km2 |
In China
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maps of the history of Mongolia. |
Maps
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Xiongnu, in 205 BCE
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Xianbei state under Tanshihuai (141–181)
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Rouran Khaganate, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, Southern Liang, Later Yan, Yueban and Northern Liang, 400 AD
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Tuyuhun Kingdom, Northern Zhou, Khitans and Tatabi people, 565 AD
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Liao dynasty c. 1000
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Kara-Khitan Khanate 2.jpg
Qara Khitai (1124–1218)
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Mongol Empire in 1227
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The Dzungar Khanate (c. 1750) (in blue line)
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A map of the Dzungar Khanate, by a Swedish officer in captivity there in 1716-1733, which include the region known today as Zhetysu
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Jonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires.Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (no. 2): 219–229.
- ↑ Morgan. The Mongols. p. 5.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly 41 (3): 475–504.
- ↑ Бидия Дандарон (Russian)
- ↑ Балагатское движение (Russian)
- ↑ Теократическое движение в Хоринском ведомстве Бурятии :1919–1926 гг. (Russian)
- ↑ БАЛАГАТСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ (Russian)
Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- Weiers, Michael (ed.) (1986): Die Mongolen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
- Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross - The Tarikh-i-rashidi
- Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
- Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368
- William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
- Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov - Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system