List of fake news websites

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For satirical news, see List of satirical news websites.

This is a list of fake news sites. These sites intentionally publish hoaxes and disinformation for purposes other than news satire. This list also excludes sites that promote conspiracy theories based on apparently genuine belief (as opposed to a conscious intent to misinform or to gather web traffic).

Some of these sites use a URL that ends in .co or otherwise resembling genuine news sites.[1][2]

Definition

Fake news websites deliberately publish hoaxes and disinformation to drive web traffic inflamed by social media.[3][4][5] These sites are distinguished from news satire (which is humorous) as they mislead and profit from readers' gullibility.[4] While most fake news sites are portrayed to be spinoffs of other news sites, some of these websites are examples of website spoofing, structured to make visitors believe they are visiting trusted sources like ABC News or MSNBC.[6] The New York Times pointed out that within a strict definition, "fake news" on the Internet referred to a fictitious article which was fabricated with the deliberate motivation to defraud readers, generally with the goal of profiting through clickbait.[7] PolitiFact described fake news as fabricated content designed to fool readers and subsequently made viral through the Internet to crowds that increase its dissemination.[8]

The New York Times noted in a December 2016 article that fake news had previously maintained a presence on the Internet and within tabloid journalism in the years prior to the 2016 U.S. election.[7] Prior to the election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, fake news had not impacted the election process and subsequent events to such a high degree.[7] Subsequent to the 2016 election, the issue of fake news turned into a political weapon, with supporters of left-wing politics saying those on the opposite side of the spectrum spread falsehoods, and supporters of right-wing politics arguing such accusations were merely a way to censor conservative views.[7] Due to these back-and-forth complaints, the definition of fake news as used for such polemics became more vague.[7]

List of fake news sites

Name Notes Sources
ABCnews.com.co Owned by Jestin Coler. Mimics the URL, design and logo of ABC News. [9][10][11][12][13][14]
Bloomberg.ma Designed to imitate Bloomberg.com. Was used to issue a false report announcing that Twitter had received a USD $31 billion takeover offer, the false report resulted in an 8% stock price spike of Twitter. Site now defunct. [15][16]
cnn-trending.com Imitated a CNN site, complete with the CNN logo. Pushed the Hawking Code scam [17][18]
DrudgeReport.com.co Owned by Jestin Coler (mimics the name of the Drudge Report). [9][14]
MSNBC.com.co [9]
MSNBC.website [9]
usatoday.com.co Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
washingtonpost.com.co Originally registered by Jestin Coler [14][19]
Celebtricity Has claimed:

*That President Obama declared a state of emergency in Chicago after more than 300 people were shot in one night.

*That an employee at a Wendy's put vaginal discharge on a burger as revenge against a partner.

*Bryshere Y. Gray is Jay-Z's son.

 [20][21][22]
Cream BMP [9]
Empire News Many of this website's fake news hoaxes were widely shared on social media, with stories based off social or political controversies, or were simply appalling to readers. [9][10][23]
Empire Sports [24]
The Enduring Vision [9]
Firebrand Left Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
Global Associated News [24]
Huzlers Fake news from this website often involve popular restaurants and brands to disgust readers with its gross-out stories. One story by the site falsely reported that Dong Nguyen, the creator of Flappy Bird, killed himself. Another story made up an incident where a person working at a McDonald's restaurant put his mixtapes in Happy Meals. [23][24][25][26]
Indecision Forever A fake news site owned by Comedy Central. [9]
The Last Line of Defense This website has a history of publishing fake news articles, especially of the political genre. Notable hoaxes include Donald Trump revoking the press credentials of six major news outlets, Michelle Obama getting ditched by the Secret Service, and Hillary Clinton describing Beyonce's music using racial slurs. [27][28][29]
LinkBeef Fake news website that has published claims about the pilot of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 reappearing, a billionaire wanting to recruit 1,000 women to bear his children, and an Adam Sandler death hoax. [30][31][32]
KMT 11 News Falsely reports celebrity appearances and filming locations in random local towns. [33][34][35]
National Report Founder Jestin Coler told Columbia Journalism Review "When it comes to the fake stuff, you really want it to be red meat. [...] It doesn’t have to be offensive. It doesn’t have to be outrageous. It doesn’t have to be anything other than just giving them what they already wanted to hear." [9][10][14][23]
Newslo [9][36]
News Mutiny [9]
React 365 This user-created fake news generator, supposedly for "pranking your friends", had at least two stories that went viral. [23]
Rile News [9]
Stuppid This fake news purveyor specializes in articles with stories that are morally offensive. [23]
The Boston Tribune Starting in February 2016, this website's outright hoaxes quickly became popular with its readers. [23]
The News Nerd [24]
Conservative Frontline Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
Denver Guardian Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
International Report Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
Naha Daily This fake news website is now defunct, and was active in a span of five months with popular fake news articles, including a fake quote by Michael Kors. [23]
News Hound [9][24]
United Media Publishing Owned by Jestin Coler. [14]
InfoWars Managed by Alex Jones. Has previously claimed that millions of people have voted illegally in the 2016 presidential election, that the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting was a hoax, and that the Democratic Party was hosting a child sex slave ring out of a pizza restaurant.

[36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44][45]
Natural News Formerly NewsTarget, a website for the sale of various dietary supplements, promotion of alternative medicine, controversial nutrition and health claims, and various conspiracy theories, such as "chemtrails", chemophobic claims (including the purported dangers of fluoride in drinking water, anti-perspirants, laundry detergent, monosodium glutamate, aspartame), and purported health problems caused by allegedly "toxic" ingredients in vaccines, including the now-discredited link to autism. [36][46][46][47][48][49]
Prntly A politically conservative news site described by Snopes as "a disreputable outlet that has a penchant for publishing both fake news and spurious pro-Trump articles." [50][51]
Red Flag News [36]
70 News a Wordpress-hosted site that published a false news story, stating that Donald Trump had won the popular vote in the 2016 United States presidential election; the fake story rose to the top in searches for "final election results" on Google News [9][52][53]
Activist Post [36]
American News Published a false story claiming actor Denzel Washington endorsed Donald Trump for president. The fictional headline led to thousands of people sharing it on Facebook, a prominent example of fake news spreading on the social network prior to the 2016 presidential election. [9][36][54][55]
Before It's News Cited by US President Donald Trump at his 2016 campaign rallies. Before Its News and Infowars were described as "unabashedly unhinged 'news' sites" in 2014 by the Washington Post following its promotion of conspiracy theories relation to Malaysia Airlines Flight 17. [36][56][57]
Civic Tribune [9]
Daily Buzz Live [36]
DC Gazette [9][36]
Disclose TV [36]
Empire Herald Starting in January 2016, this fake news site had spread many of its hoaxes online in just a few weeks. [23]
Gummy Post Fake news website that has published claims about President Obama issuing a full pardon for convicted rapper C-Murder, Musician Kodak Black getting shot outside a nightclub in Florida, and a Hulk Hogan death hoax. [58][59][60]
Liberty Writers News Established in 2015 by Paris Wade and Ben Goldman, who told the Washington Post their stories focus on "violence and chaos and aggressive wording" to attract readers. The stories reflect the positions of supporters of Donald Trump. [61][62][62]
Media Mass [9][24]
News Examiner Started in 2015 by Paul Horner, the lead writer of the National Report. This website has been known to mix real news along with its fake news. [23]
News Breaks Here [63]
The News Buzz Daily This fake news website mostly consists of celebrity gossip and death hoaxes, but a few of its other stories became popular on social media. [23]
NewsWatch33 Starting in April 2015 under the name NewsWatch28 and later becoming NewsWatch33, the website disguises itself as a local television outlet. It has also been known to mix real news along with its fake news in an attempt to circumvent Facebook’s crackdown on them. [23]
Now 8 News Starting in 2015, this fake news website is also designed to look like a local television outlet. A lot of hoaxes were successfully spread on social media. [23][64]
Real News Right Now [9]
The Reporterz Starting in early 2016, this fake news website penned several different hoaxes, including one about a murder over a Twitter trend. [23]
World Truth TV [36]

See also

References

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  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 Andrew Couts, Here are all the 'fake news' sites to watch out for on Facebook, Daily Dot ( November 16, 2016).
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  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ 23.00 23.01 23.02 23.03 23.04 23.05 23.06 23.07 23.08 23.09 23.10 23.11 23.12 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  36. ↑ 36.00 36.01 36.02 36.03 36.04 36.05 36.06 36.07 36.08 36.09 36.10 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  44. ↑ http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2016/1215/Why-fake-news-holds-such-allure
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  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  56. ↑ Schwartz, Rafi (August 15, 2016). "Inside the extremely crazy conspiracy website that Donald Trump has been citing". Fusion.
  57. ↑ Dewey, Caitlin (July 18, 2014). "A comprehensive guide to the web’s many MH17 conspiracy theories". Washington Post. (subscription required)
  58. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  59. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  60. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  61. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  63. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  64. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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