Luna 25

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Luna 25
300px
Maquette of Luna 25 Moon lander
Names Luna-Glob lander
Mission type Technology, Reconnaissance
Operator SRI RAS (IKI RAN)
Mission duration 1 year (planned) [1]
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type Robotic lander
Manufacturer NPO Lavochkin
Launch mass 1,750 kg (3,860 lb) Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
Start of mission
Rocket Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat[2]
Launch site Vostochny[3]
Moon lander
Landing site Boguslavsky crater[4][5]
----
Luna-Glob programme
← Luna 24 Luna 26 →

Luna 25 (Luna-Glob lander)[6] is a planned lunar lander mission by Roscosmos. It will land near the lunar south pole at the Boguslavsky crater.[7] It was renamed from Luna-Glob lander to Luna 25 to emphasize the continuity of the Soviet Luna programme from the 1970s, though it is still part of what was at one point conceptualized as the Luna-Glob lunar exploration program. As of May 2022, the launch is scheduled for late September 2022.[8]

History

Nascent plans for what is now Luna 25 began in the late 1990s, with the evaluation of two spacecraft designs having taken place by 1998. Attempts to revive and complete the project continued throughout the 2000s and were punctuated by an aborted attempt at international cooperation via a merger with JAXA's now-cancelled Lunar-A orbiter, and pressure from another attempted cooperative lunar mission with Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) (which continued without Russia's involvement).[9]

Delays in the 2010s came first from the significant rework and delay brought on by the failure of Phobos-Grunt in 2011. This is the point at which the modern Luna 25 design was developed. Later, work on the lander was slowed by resource pressures being placed upon spacecraft developer NPO Lavochkin, such as the weather satellite Elektro-L No.2 and the Spektr-RG observatory [10] as well the landing platform Russia is contributing to ExoMars 2020.[11]

By 2017, the propulsion system for the spacecraft was in assembly.[12]

Mission

Initial mission plans called for a lander and orbiter, with the latter also deploying impact penetrators. In its current form, Luna 25 is a lander only, with a primary mission of proving out the landing technology. The mission will carry 30 kg (66 lb) of scientific instruments, including a robotic arm for soil samples and possible drilling hardware.[7][13]

The launch is scheduled to occur in late September 2022[8] on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket with Fregat upper stage, from Vostochny Cosmodrome.[14][4]

Science payload

The lander will feature a 30 kg (66 lb) payload composed by 9 notional science instruments:[15][1]

  • ADRON-LR, active neutron and gamma-ray analysis of regolith
  • ARIES-L, measurement of plasma in the exosphere
  • LASMA-LR, laser mass-spectrometer
  • LIS-TV-RPM, infrared spectrometry of minerals and imaging
  • PmL, measurement of dust and micro-meteorites
  • THERMO-L, measurement of the thermal properties of regolith
  • STS-L, panoramic and local imaging
  • Laser retroreflector, Moon libration and ranging experiments
  • BUNI, power and science data support

LINA-XSAN, a Swedish payload, was to fly with Luna 25, but delays to the launch date caused Sweden to cancel this plan. Instead, LINA-XSAN flew on Chang'e 4 in 2019.[16]

ESA's PILOT-D navigation demonstration camera was planned to be flown on this mission, but is already being procured from a commercial service provider and will fly along with them on their mission[17] due to continued international collaboration has been thrown into doubt by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions on Russia.[18][19]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Russia's Luna-25 lunar landing station scheduled for 2019 Russian Aviation 25 January 2018
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gunters
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tass-20220530
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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