Marshall County, Indiana

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Not to be confused with Marshall, Indiana.
Marshall County, Indiana
Plymouth-indiana-courthouse.jpg
Marshall County courthouse in Plymouth, Indiana
Map of Indiana highlighting Marshall County
Location in the U.S. state of Indiana
Map of the United States highlighting Indiana
Indiana's location in the U.S.
Founded 1836
Named for John Marshall
Seat Plymouth
Largest city Plymouth
Area
 • Total 449.74 sq mi (1,165 km2)
 • Land 443.63 sq mi (1,149 km2)
 • Water 6.11 sq mi (16 km2), 1.36%
Population
 • (2010) 47,051
 • Density 106/sq mi (40.88/km²)
Congressional district 2nd
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website www.co.marshall.in.us
Footnotes: Indiana county number 50

Marshall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. Census 2010 recorded the population at 47,051.[1] The county seat is Plymouth.[2]

History

Marshall County was formed in 1836, during the early years of European-American settlement and before the forced removal of the Potawatomi people in 1838. It was named for U.S. Chief Justice John Marshall, who died in 1835.[3] Marshall County is notable as the starting point in 1838 of the Potawatomi Trail of Death, which was the forced removal by United States forces of Chief Menominee and 859 members of the Potawatomi nation from Indiana to Indian Territory, at the site of present-day Osawatomie, Kansas, a distance of 660 miles (1,060 km). The first non-Native American settlers arrived in what is now Marshall County in 1835. They arrived as a result of the end of the Black Hawk War as well as the completion of the Erie Canal. They consisted primarily of settlers from New England, "Yankees" descended from the English Puritans who settled New England in the colonial era. They were mainly members of the Congregational Church, although due to the Second Great Awakening many of them had converted to Methodism and some had become Baptists before coming to what is now Marshall County. As a result of this heritage, some place names in Marshall County are named after places in New England, such as Plymouth, which is named after Plymouth, Massachusetts, the site where the Mayflower landed in 1620.[4] Some German families came at the same time, settling mainly in what became German township. When these settlers arrived, there was nothing but a dense virgin forest and wild marshland, which would need to be cleared and drained before it could be farmed.

Geography

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 449.74 square miles (1,164.8 km2), of which 443.63 square miles (1,149.0 km2) (or 98.64%) is land and 6.11 square miles (15.8 km2) (or 1.36%) is water.[5] The Yellow River flows through northern, central, and western portions of Marshall County, past Plymouth; the Tippecanoe River flows through the southeastern part of the county.[6]

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Cities and towns

Census-designated place

Townships

Climate and weather

Plymouth, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[7]

In recent years, average temperatures in Plymouth have ranged from a low of 16 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 109 °F (43 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.86 inches (47 mm) in February to 4.48 inches (114 mm) in June.[7]

Government

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See also: Government of Indiana

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County council: The county council is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four-year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[8][9]

Board of commissioners: The executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four-year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.[8][9]

Current commissioners: Kurt Garner, Deb Griewank, Kevin Overmyer

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that can handle some civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[9]

County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk Each of these elected officers serves a term of four years and oversees a different part of county government. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[9]

Marshall County is part of Indiana's 2nd congressional district and in 2008 was represented by Joe Donnelly in the United States Congress.[10] It is also part of Indiana Senate districts 5 and 9[11] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 17 and 23.[12]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1840 1,651 —
1850 5,348 223.9%
1860 12,722 137.9%
1870 20,211 58.9%
1880 23,414 15.8%
1890 23,818 1.7%
1900 25,119 5.5%
1910 24,175 −3.8%
1920 23,744 −1.8%
1930 25,077 5.6%
1940 25,935 3.4%
1950 29,468 13.6%
1960 32,443 10.1%
1970 34,986 7.8%
1980 39,155 11.9%
1990 42,182 7.7%
2000 45,128 7.0%
2010 47,051 4.3%
Est. 2014 47,107 [13] 0.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]
1790-1960[15] 1900-1990[16]
1990-2000[17] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 47,051 people, 17,406 households, and 12,516 families residing in the county.[18] The population density was 106.1 inhabitants per square mile (41.0/km2). There were 19,845 housing units at an average density of 44.7 per square mile (17.3/km2).[5] The racial makeup of the county was 93.5% white, 0.5% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 3.8% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 8.4% of the population.[18] In terms of ancestry, 35.4% were German, 11.2% were Irish, 9.4% were American, and 8.5% were English.[19]

Of the 17,406 households, 35.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.2% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.1% were non-families, and 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.15. The median age was 38.4 years.[18]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $58,017. Males had a median income of $43,732 versus $30,033 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,493. About 8.7% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.[20]

See also

References

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  4. ↑ A Twentieth Century History of Marshall County, Indiana, Volume 1 By Daniel McDonald
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  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
 St. Joseph County Elkhart County
Starke County Kosciusko County
  Marshall County, Indiana  
Pulaski County Fulton County

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