Muhammad Taqi Usmani

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Muhammad Taqi Usmani
Personal Details
Title Mufti, Shaikhul Islam
Born 5 October 1943 (age 72)
Deoband, British India
Religion Islam
Denomination Sunni
Jurisprudence Hanafi[1]
Movement Deobandi
Main interest(s) Shari'a, Hadith, Islamic finance, Tafsir, Sufism
Notable idea(s) Evolution of Islamic economics, Islamic banking
Alma mater Darul Uloom Karachi
Karachi University
Punjab University
Influenced
Website Official website

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Muhammad Taqi Usmani (Urdu: محمد تقی عثمانی‎, Muhammad Taqī ‘Usmāni, born 1943) (also spelled Uthmani) is a Hanafi Islamic scholar from Pakistan. He served as a judge on the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from 1981 to 1982 and the Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan between 1982 and 2002. He is an expert in the fields of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh), economics and hadith. He also held a number of positions on the Shariah Boards of prestigious Islamic institutions.[2] He is the brother of Islamic scholars Muhammad Rafi Usmani, Muhammad Wali Razi, and Muhammad Razi Usmani, as well as of the Urdu poet Muhammad Zaki Kaifi.[citation needed]

Early life

Muhammad Taqi Usmani was born on 5 October 1943[3] in Deoband, a city in the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India.[citation needed]

In 1958, Usmani passed the Fazil-e-Arabi (Arabic language examination) with distinction, administered by the Punjab Board.[3] In 1959 he graduated from the `Alim course at Darul Uloom Karachi.[4][5] He then specialised in fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) under the guidance of his father,[6] the Mufti of Darul Uloom Karachi, Muhammad Shafi, receiving his Takhassus degree (equivalent to a PhD) in fiqh and ifta (issuance of Islamic legal opinions) from Darul Uloom Karachi in 1961, earning the title of Mufti. He graduated from the University of Karachi with a Bachelor of Arts in 1964, then received a Bachelor of Laws with distinction from the University of Karachi in 1967. He received a Master of Arts in Arabic literature, with distinction, from the University of Punjab in 1970.[5][7]

Usmani received ijaza to teach hadith from Islamic scholars including Muhammad Shafi, Idris Kandhalvi, Muhammad Tayyib, Saleemullah Khan, Rashid Ahmad Ludhianvi, Sahban Mahmud, Zafar Ahmad Usmani, Muhammad Zakariya Kandhalvi, Hasan al-Mahshat, and others.[6]

Usmani pioneered the concept of Islamic banking in Pakistan when he established the Meezan Bank. Usmani has authored a number of books in Arabic, Urdu, and English on Islamic topics in addition to a large number of articles on Islamic banking and finance published in a number of journals and magazines.[citation needed]

In March 2004, United Arab Emirates Vice President and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum presented an award to Taqi Usmani in recognition of his lifetime service and achievement in Islamic finance during the annual International Islamic Finance Forum (IIFF) in Dubai.[citation needed]

In accordance with the tradition of the scholars of Deoband and recognising the importance of tasawwuf, Usmani's bay'ah was accepted by Abdul Hayy Arifi and Maseehullah Khan. Usmani is currently a mentor to numerous spiritual aspirants all over the world and delivers weekly lectures on self-improvement at Darul Uloom Karachi on Sundays between Asr Salaah and Maghrib Salaah. [1]

He currently teaches Sahih al-Bukhari, fiqh, and Islamic economics at Darul Uloom Karachi and is known for his Islahi Khutbat. He was a key member of a team of scholars which helped declare Ahmadis (Qadianis), as non-Muslims by Pakistan's National Assembly during the era of former Pakistani president, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, in the 1970s. During the presidency of General Zia ul Haq, he was instrumental in drafting laws pertaining to Hudood, Qisas, and Dayiat.

Views

He strongly opposed the Women's Protection Bill, which he believes was designed to distract attention from issues such as flaws in the law enforcement system.[citation needed]

At a religious conference in 1984 he urged a more "dynamic attitude" towards the practice of ijtihad, arguing there is no shortage of fine minds capable of interpreting the sharia, but warning against the contamination of sharia by Western ideas such as the elimination of hudood penalties such as amputation and stoning.[8][9]

Positions

Positions currently holding

  • Vice President and Shaykh al-Hadith, Jamia Darul Uloom Karachi
  • Chairman, International Shariah Standard Council, Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions, Bahrain[10]
  • Permanent Member, Vice Chairman, International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah, organ of the OIC.[4]
  • Member, Islamic Fiqh Academy of Rabita-al-‘Alam-e-Islami, Makkah
  • Permanent Member International Islamic Fiqh Academy, Jeddah, sponsored by OIC.
  • Chairman Centre for Islamic Economics Pakistan since 1991
  • Chairman Shariah Board Central Bank of Bahrain
  • Chairman Shariah Board Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank, U.A.E.
  • Chairman Shariah Board Meezan Bank Ltd., Karachi, Pakistan
  • Chairman Shariah Board International Islamic Rating Agency, Bahrain
  • Chairman Shariah Board Pak-Kuwait Takaful, Karachi
  • Chairman Shariah Board Pak-Qatar Takaful, Karachi
  • Chairman Shariah Board JS Investments Islamic Fund, Karachi
  • Chairman Shariah Board of JS Islamic Pension Savings Fund
  • Chairman Shariah Board Arif Habib Investments – Pakistan International Islamic Fund, Karachi
  • Member Shariah Board Arcapita Investment Fund, Bahrain
  • Member Unified Shariah Board Islamic Development Bank Jeddah
  • Member Shariah Board Guidance Financial Group, USA [11]

Positions held in the past

  • Judge, Shariat Appellate Bench, Supreme Court of Pakistan (1982 to May 2002)[12]
  • Chairman, Centre for Islamic Economics, Pakistan since 1991
  • Judge, Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from 1980 to 1982
  • Member, Syndicate University of Karachi 1985 to 1988
  • Member, Board of Governors, International Islamic University Islamabad, 1985 to 1989.
  • Member, International Institute of Islamic Economics 1985 to 1988
  • Member, Council of Islamic Ideology 1977 to 1981
  • Member, Board of Trustees International Islamic University, Islamabad 2004 to 2007
  • Member, Commission for Islamisation of Economy of Pakistan. [13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Jocelyne Cesari, Encyclopedia of Islam in the United States, p 23. ISBN 0313336253.("The Pakistani Hanafi scholar and judge Muhammad Taqi al-Deen Usmani...")
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Brian Kettell, Introduction to Islamic Banking and Finance, p 28. ISBN 047097804X.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Brian B. Kettell, Introduction to Islamic Banking and Finance, p 28. ISBN 1119990602
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ http://www.aaoifi.com/en/about-aaoifi/sharia-standards-board/ssb-committees/
  11. ↑ http://muftitaqiusmani.com/en/?page_id=11333
  12. ↑ Theodore Friend, Professor Philip Jenkins, Woman, Man, and God in Modern Islam, p 81. ISBN 0802866735
  13. ↑ http://muftitaqiusmani.com/en/?page_id=11333

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External links

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