Oksana Chusovitina

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Oksana Chusovitina
— Gymnast —
Oksana Chusovitina (vault) 04-2011.JPG
Chusovitina in 2011
Personal information
Full name Oksana Aleksandrovna Chusovitina
Country represented  Uzbekistan
Former countries represented  Germany (2006–2012)
 Uzbekistan (1993–2006)
Olympic flag.svg Unified Team (1992)
 CIS (1992)
 Soviet Union (until 1991)
Born (1975-06-19) 19 June 1975 (age 49)
Bukhara, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union
Height 1.53 m (5 ft 0 in)
Discipline Women's artistic gymnastics
Level Senior international
Years on national team Soviet Union (URS) 1988–1992
Uzbekistan (UZB) 1993–2005
Germany (GER) 2006–2012
Uzbekistan (UZB) 2013–present
Club Turnteam Toyota Köln
Head coach(es) Svetlana Boguinskaya (personal)
Shanna Polyakova
Former coach(es) Svetlana Kuznetsova
Music Phantom of the Opera (1996–2000)
The Godfather Theme (2007)
Pirates of the Caribbean (2006 & 2008)
Eponymous skills Hop-full pirouette, full out dismount (uneven bars); layout-full out (floor exercise)
World ranking Vault: 1 (2016)[1]
(see archives)

Oksana Aleksandrovna Chusovitina (Russian: Оксана Александровна Чусовитина; born 19 June 1975) is an eight-time Olympic gymnast who has competed for the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan, and Germany.

Chusovitina's career as an elite gymnast has spanned more than a quarter century. She won the USSR Junior Nationals in 1988 and began competing at the international level in 1989, before many of her current rivals were even born. She is the only female gymnast ever to compete in eight Olympic Games, and is one of only two female gymnasts to compete at the Olympics under three different national teams: the Unified Team in 1992; Uzbekistan in 1996, 2000, 2004, 2016 and 2020; and Germany in 2008 and 2012. Chusovitina has also competed in 16 World Championships, four Asian Games and three Goodwill Games. Chusovitina holds the record for the most individual world championships medals on a single event (nine, on the vault).

Chusovitina is a part of a small group of gymnasts, along with Cuban Leyanet Gonzalez, Soviet Larisa Latynina, Dutch Suzanne Harmes, Russian Aliya Mustafina, Turkish Göksu Üçtaş Şanlı, Pole Marta Pihan-Kulesza and Icelander Irina Sazonova, to return to international competition after becoming a mother.

Soviet Union

Chusovitina began gymnastics in 1982.[2] In 1988, at the age of 13, she won the all-around title at the USSR National Championships in the junior division.

By 1990, Chusovitina was a vital member of the Soviet team, and was sent to compete in various international meets. She was the vault gold medalist at the 1990 Goodwill Games and nearly swept the 1990 World Sports Fair in Japan, winning the all-around and every event except the uneven bars. The following year she won the floor exercise at the 1991 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and placed second on the vault. In 1992 Chusovitina competed at the Olympics with the Unified Team, shared in the team gold medal and placed seventh in the floor final. She also won her second World Championships vault medal, a bronze.

Uzbekistan

After the 1992 Olympics, when the former Soviet gymnasts returned to their home republics, Chusovitina began competing for Uzbekistan and continued training with Uzbekistan head coach Svetlana Kuznetsova, also her personal coach. Conditions at the national training facility in Tashkent were a far cry from the Soviet Round Lake training center, and Chusovitina was forced to practice on antiquated, and in some cases, unsafe equipment. In spite of this setback, she was able to consistently produce world-class routines.[3][4]

Chusovitina represented Uzbekistan from 1993 to 2006 and competed for them at the 1996, 2000 and 2004 Olympics, the 1994, 1998 and 2002 Asian Games and the 1994 and 2001 Goodwill Games. During this era she was the strongest gymnast on the Uzbekistan national team, earning more than 70 medals in international competitions and qualifying to the Olympics three times.

For her contributions to gymnastics, Chusovitina was granted the title of "Honored Athlete of the Republic of Uzbekistan" by the Uzbekistan Ministry of Cultural and Sports Affairs.[5] In 2001, she was named as the first WAG representative to the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG)'s Athletes' Commission.[6] In addition, Chusovitina graduated from the Sports University in Tashkent.[7]

In late 1997 Chusovitina married Uzbek Olympic wrestler Bakhodir Kurbanov,[8] whom she first met at the 1994 Asian Games in Hiroshima.[7] The couple's son, Alisher, was born in November 1999.[2][4]

Germany

In 2002, Alisher was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).[9] Seeking advanced medical treatment for their son, Chusovitina and her husband accepted an offer of help from Shanna and Peter Brüggemann, head coaches of the Toyota Cologne club, and moved to Germany.[10] With prize money earned from gymnastics competitions, along with the help of the Brüggemanns and members of the international gymnastics community who fundraised and donated to the cause, Chusovitina was able to secure treatment for Alisher at the University of Cologne's hospital. [11][4][12][13] While Alisher underwent treatment in Cologne, Chusovitina trained with the German team.

Uzbekistan released Chusovitina to compete for Germany in 2003. However, due to rules requiring three years of residency, she was unable to gain German citizenship immediately. From 2003 to 2006 she trained in Germany but continued to compete for Uzbekistan, representing her native country at the 2003 and 2005 World Championships and the 2004 Olympics. In 2003, 12 years after her world championships debut, Chusovitina won the gold medal on the vault at that year's world championships in Anaheim.[9]

In 2006, Chusovitina obtained German citizenship.[10] Her first competition for Germany was the 2006 World Championships, where she won a bronze medal on the vault and placed ninth in the all-around.[14]

In July 2007, she won the all-around title at the 2007 German National Championships.[15] At her first European Championships, she placed second on the vault.[16] At the 2007 World Championships in Stuttgart, Chusovitina helped the German squad to a 10th-place finish in the preliminary round, which qualified them to send a full team to the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, where she was the oldest female competitor in her discipline.[4] She qualified for the vault event final where she finished in 2nd place, thus earning the first individual Olympic medal of her career. Chusovitina competed on three events at the 2008 Women's European Championships in Clermont-Ferrand, France, helping the German team to a seventh-place finish in the team finals. In the vault event final, she defeated reigning European champion Carlotta Giovannini to win the gold medal.[17]

At the 2008 Olympics, the German team placed 12th in the qualifying round of competition. Chusovitina qualified to the individual all-around final, where she placed ninth overall.[18] She also qualified in fourth place for the vault final.[19] In the vault final, she won the silver medal with a score of 15.575.[20]

Despite earlier claims that she would attempt to compete in the London 2012 Summer Olympics, Chusovitina announced in April 2009 that she intended to only participate in the 2009 World Gymnastics Championships in October, and that she would not continue. The championships, she stated, are "enough."[21]

However, she returned to compete in some competitions in 2010 (including the 2010 Houston National Invitational). She won the silver medal on vault at the 2011 European Championships, the 2011 World Championships and the 2012 European Championships.

Chusovitina competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics for Germany.[22] The games were a remarkable sixth Olympics for Chusovitina, who qualified for the vault final where she placed in fifth behind her German teammate, Janine Berger. Afterward Oksana declared she would retire as a gymnast and concentrate on coaching.[23]

However, instead of retiring, Oksana switched back to competing for Uzbekistan. She competed at the 2016 and 2020 Olympics. She has stated her goal is to win an Olympic medal on vault for Uzbekistan, because she’s already won medals for the Unified Team and Germany, but not for her home country.

Recent years

Despite her statements in 2012, Chusovitina ultimately returned the following year and announced plans to continue competing through the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics.[24] She went on to qualify an individual place for Uzbekistan at a qualifying event in Rio de Janeiro in April 2016.[25] By competing, she set a record as the oldest gymnast to ever compete at the Olympic Games at the age of 41 and 2 months and the only gymnast ever to compete in seven consecutive Olympiads, surpassing the record of six that she set in 2012 with Yordan Yovchev of Bulgaria. Following those Olympics, Chusovitina announced that she would continue her career with the intention of competing in the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo [26]

After competing solely on vault for several years, Chusovitina announced in 2018 that she would begin competing all-around again.[27]

Chusovitina competed at the 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in order to qualify for Tokyo. She had a rough turn in qualifications, falling on her second vault and on balance beam,[28] but despite these errors, she ended up ranked just high enough in the all-around standings to secure one of the last all-around berths to the Olympics from that event.[29] She was selected as a flag bearer for Uzbekistan at the 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, but was then replaced just few hours before the ceremony.[30] Her final day of competition on 25 July 2021 in Tokyo saw her fail to qualify for the finals in Vault. Despite stating that she would retire following the delayed 2020 Olympic Games, she later stated that she would return to training for the 2022 Asian Games, which ended up being postponed indefinitely due to the pandemic. She then won a gold medal on vault at Doha World Cup Event in 2022, and won the vault again at the 2022 Uzbekistan National Championships. When asked how the postponement of the Asian games would influence her training plans, she stated that her goal now is to continue training and compete in the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris, France. This would be her 9th Summer Olympic Games.

Eponymous skills

Chusovitina has five eponymous skills in the Code of Points.[31]

Apparatus Name Description Difficulty[lower-alpha 1]
Vault Chusovitina Handspring forward on - piked salto forward with 1/1 turn (360°) off 4.4
Vault Chusovitina[lower-alpha 2] Handspring forward on - stretched salto forward with 1½ turn (540°) off 5.4
Uneven Bars Chusovitina Giant circle backward to handstand with hop 1/1 turn (360°) in handstand phase D
Uneven Bars Chusovitina Swing forward to double salto backward tucked with 1/1 turn (360°) in second salto D
Floor Exercise Chusovitina-Touzhikova Double salto backward stretched with 1/1 turn (360°) H
  1. Valid for the 2022–2024 Code of Points
  2. Also referred to as a Rudi

Competitive history

Chusovitina on a 2001 Uzbek stamp
Year Event Team AA VT UB BB FX
1988 USSR Championships (junior) 1st
1989 Cottbus International 9 2nd
1990 Goodwill Games 1st 1st
World Sports Fair 1st 1st 1st 1st
USSR Cup 1st 1st
USSR Championships 6
1991
World Championships 1st 2nd 1st
Chunichi Cup 8
USSR Championships 4
Blume Memorial 8
1992 World Stars 15 1st 3rd 2nd
World Championships 3rd 7
Olympic Games 1st 7
1993 DTB Cup 4 2nd 3rd 1st
Kosice International 2nd
Massilia Gym Cup 2nd
World Championships 18 3rd 8
1994 Swiss Cup 3rd 6 1st 5
Goodwill Games 5 5 5 4
Asian Games 4 3rd 3rd 4
1995 Cottbus International 5 2nd 5 5
DTB Cup 4 2nd 5 4
World Championships 19 6
Arthur Gander Memorial 3rd
Swiss Cup 2nd 3rd 2nd 1st
1996 American Cup 3rd
International Mixed Pairs 2nd
Cottbus International 4 5 7 1st
DTB Cup 1st 4 4 1st
Arthur Gander Memorial 3rd
Swiss Cup 1st 2nd 3rd 1st
Olympic Games 10
1997 American Cup 4
World Stars 2nd 3rd 3rd 6
Cottbus International 2nd 1st 1st 1st
1998
Asian Games 4 8 6
Arthur Gander Memorial 1st
2000 DTB Cup 4 2nd 4
Olympic Games 45 25
2001 World Stars 2nd 2nd 2nd 3rd
Cottbus World Cup 2nd 5
DTB Cup 2nd 7 4 1st
Arthur Gander Memorial 1st
Goodwill Games 4 2nd 1st 2nd
World Championships 19 2nd
2002 American Cup 4
WOGA Classic 1st 1st 2nd 1st 2nd
Cottbus World Cup 1st 5 6
Arthur Gander Memorial 2nd
Asian Games 5 2nd 1st 4 2nd 1st
World Championships 3rd 8 6
World Cup Final 1st 5 3rd 4
2003 Cottbus World Cup 1st 4 4 5
DTB Cup 2nd 6 6
Arthur Gander Memorial 3rd
Swiss Cup 2nd
World Championships 1st
2004 Cottbus World Cup 1st 6
Olympic Games 23
2005 Glasgow World Cup 1st 7 6
Sao Paolo World Cup 1st 7 5
World Championships N/A 2nd
2006 Arthur Gander Memorial 3rd
Stuttgart World Cup 2nd 3rd
Moscow World Cup 1st 3rd
Ghent World Cup 1st 4 5
Cottbus World Cup 2nd
World Championships 9 3rd
Swiss Cup 1st
2007
European Championships 6 2nd 6
German Championships 1st
World Championships 6
Stuttgart World Cup 1st
Moscow World Cup 1st
Cottbus World Cup 1st
Swiss Cup 2nd
2008
European Championships 7 1st 6
German Championships 1st
Doha World Cup 1st 6
Cottbus World Cup 1st 3rd
Olympic Games 9 2nd
2010 Cottbus World Cup 1st
Moscow World Cup 2nd 3rd
European Championships 12
SUI-GER-ROU Friendly 2nd
World Championships
2011 Cottbus World Cup 1st
SUI-GER-ROU Friendly 2nd
European Championships 2nd
World Championships 6 2nd
2012 German Championships 16 2nd 1st
European Championships 8 2nd
Olympic Games 5
Stuttgart World Cup 3rd
Toyota International 4 6 4
GER-GBR-ROU Friendly 2nd
2013 Internationaux de France 3rd
La Roche-sur-Yon World Cup 1st
Cottbus World Cup 1st
Gym Festival Trnava 1st 1st 2nd
Anadia World Cup 2nd
World Championships N/A 5
Mexican Open 3rd
2014
Asian Games 5 2nd
Joaquin Blume Memorial 5
Mexican Open 3rd 1st 8 4 4
2015 Houston National Invitational 2nd 1st 2nd
Cottbus World Cup 1st
Ljubljana World Cup 1st
Varna World Cup 1st 8 4
World Championships 13
Toyota International 7 5 6
2016 Houston National Invitational 2nd 1st
WOGA Classic 3rd
Baku World Challenge Cup 1st 8
Cottbus World Challenge Cup 1st 6 4
Olympic Test Event 45 2nd
Mersin World Challenge Cup 1st 4 2nd
Olympic Games 7
2nd Bundesliga (3rd League) 1st 1st 5 1st 1st
Mexican Open 3rd 1st
2017 International Gymnix 2nd 6
Baku World Cup 1st
Doha World Cup 1st 8
Islamic Solidarity Games 1st 5
Szombathely Challenge Cup 6
Paris Challenge Cup 4
World Championships N/A 5
2nd Bundesliga (2rd League) 1st 2nd 1st
Cottbus World Cup 1st
Voronin Cup 1st
2018 Houston National Invitational 1st 1st 2nd 1st
Baku World Cup 1st 3rd
Doha World Cup 1st
Osijek Challenge Cup 1st
Asian Games 2nd
Paris Challenge Cup 1st
World Championships 4
Arthur Gander Memorial 1st 8
Swiss Cup 5
Cottbus World Cup 5
2019 Melbourne World Cup 2nd 8
Baku World Cup 2nd
Doha World Cup 5
Zhaoqing Challenge Cup 2nd
Korea Cup 2nd 4
Paris Challenge Cup 1st
World Championships 12
2021 Varna Challenge Cup 3rd
Doha World Cup 1st
Olympic Games 14
2022 Doha World Cup 1st
Cairo World Cup 2nd
Baku World Cup 1st
Asian Championships 6 5
Islamic Solidarity Games 2nd 1st

Chusovitina also won the 1994 Goodwill Games Mixed Pairs Silver Medal with Yevgeny Shabayev, Aleksei Voropayev and Elena Grosheva.

International scores

Soviet Union

Year Competition Description Location Apparatus Rank-Final Score-Final Rank-Qualifying Score-Qualifying
1991 World Championships Indianapolis Team 1 396.055
All-Around 8 78.986
Vault 2 9.918 6 19.762
Uneven Bars 8 19.762
Balance Beam 13 19.612
Floor Exercise 1 9.962 4 19.850

Commonwealth of Independent States

Year Competition Description Location Apparatus Rank-Final Score-Final Rank-Qualifying Score-Qualifying
1992 World Championships Paris Vault 3 9.937
Vault (Semi−Final) 3 9.887
Vault (Qualification) 4 9.875
Floor Exercise 7 9.800
Olympic Games Barcelona Team 1 395.666
All-Around 30 78.111
Vault 14 19.750
Uneven Bars 77 18.849
Balance Beam 10 19.675
Floor Exercise 7 9.812 7 19.837

Uzbekistan

Year Competition Description Location Apparatus Rank-Final Score-Final Rank-Qualifying Score-Qualifying
1993 World Championships Birmingham All-Around 18 37.205 12 38.030
Vault 3 9.718 9 9.643
Uneven Bars 8 8.325 7 9.650
Balance Beam 19 9.437
Floor Exercise 24 9.300
1994 Asian Games Hiroshima All-Around 4 38.675
Vault 3 9.631
Uneven Bars 3 9.600
Balance Beam 4 9.462
1995 World Championships Sabae Team 16 360.515
All-Around 18 38.180 15 76.386
Vault 6 9.612 16 18.962
Uneven Bars 30 19.112
Balance Beam 17 19.012
Floor Exercise 23 19.300
1996 Olympic Games Atlanta All-Around 10 38.743 30 75.822
Vault 20 19.274
Uneven Bars 29 19.237
Balance Beam 61 18.137
Floor Exercise 34 19.174
1998 Asian Games Bangkok Team 5 133.350
All-Around 4
Vault 8
Floor Exercise 6
2000 Olympic Games Sydney All-Around 45 36.450
Vault 24 9.375
Uneven Bars 80 8.450
Balance Beam 90 9.150
Floor Exercise 25 9.475
2001 World Championships Ghent All-Around 19 35.023 17 35.524
Vault 2 9.349 2 9.425
Uneven Bars 65 8.162
Balance Beam 12 8.900
Floor Exercise 19 9.037
2002 Asian Games Busan Team 5 133.350
All-Around 2 36.400 3 36.700
Vault 1 9.450 1 9.375
Uneven Bars 4 9.300 7 9.100
Balance Beam 2 8.975 5 8.900
Floor Exercise 1 9.350 1 9.325
World Cup Final Stuttgart Vault 1 9.412
Uneven Bars 5 8.387
Balance Beam 3 9.025
Floor Exercise 4 8.925
World Championships Debrecen Vault 3 9.387
Vault (Semi−Final) 1 9.350
Vault (Qualification) 4 9.212
Uneven Bars (Qualification) 30 8.200
Balance Beam 8 8.312
Balance Beam (Semi−Final) 6 9.200
Balance Beam (Qualification) 10 8.862
Floor Exercise 6 9.137
Floor Exercise (Semi−Final) 8 9.287
Floor Exercise (Qualification) 10 9.137
2003 World Championships Anaheim All-Around WD 16 36.136
Vault 1 9.481 4 9.424
Uneven Bars 27 9.137
Balance Beam 69 8.537
Floor Exercise 30 9.025
2004 Olympic Games Athens Vault 23 8.800
2005 World Championships Melbourne Vault 2 9.418 3 9.381
Uneven Bars 23 8.987
Balance Beam 12 8.962

Germany

Year Competition Description Location Apparatus Rank-Final Score-Final Rank-Qualifying Score-Qualifying
2006 World Championships Aarhus Team 16 222.125
All-Around 9 58.950 10 59.075
Vault 3 15.100 4 14.937
Uneven Bars 19 14.800
Balance Beam 28 14.850
Floor Exercise 25 14.400
2007 European Championships Amsterdam All-Around 6 57.450 11 56.700
Vault 2 14.725 3 14.237
Uneven Bars 24 13.525
Balance Beam 9 15.150
Floor Exercise 6 14.450 8 14.450
World Championships Stuttgart Team 10 231.125
All-Around 157 43.525
Vault 6 14.687 5 15.375
Uneven Bars 89 13.550
Balance Beam 59 14.275
Floor Exercise 189 0.000
2008 European Championships Clermont-Ferrand Team 7 170.850 6 173.650
Vault 1 14.812 1 15.000
Balance Beam 10 14.975
Floor Exercise 6 14.850 5 15.000
Olympic Games Beijing Team 12 230.800
All-Around 9 60.125 14 59.375
Vault 2 15.575 4 15.525
Uneven Bars 27 14.725
Balance Beam 43 14.400
Floor Exercise 30 14.450
2010 European Championships Birmingham Team 9 156.025
Vault 12 13.625
World Championships Rotterdam Team 14 212.294
Balance Beam 42 13.566
2011 European Championships Berlin Vault 2 14.537 5 14.200
Balance Beam 45 12.425
World Championships Tokyo Team 6 168.479 7 221.163
Vault 2 14.733 2 14.833
Balance Beam 41 13.800
2012 European Championships Brussels Team 8 160.497 7 163.022
Vault 2 14.683 1 14.966
Olympic Games London Team 9 167.331
Vault 5 14.783 4 14.808
Balance Beam 31 13.700

Return to Uzbekistan

Year Competition Description Location Apparatus Rank-Final Score-Final Rank-Qualifying Score-Qualifying
2013 World Championships Antwerp Vault 5 14.583 6 14.750
2014 Asian Games Incheon Team 5 199.800
Vault 2 14.750 2 14.675
2015 World Championships Glasgow All-Around 51 52.998
Vault 13 14.683
Uneven Bars 120 12.033
Balance Beam 47 13.466
Floor Exercise 118 12.733
2016 Olympic Games Rio de Janeiro Vault 7 14.833 5 14.999
2018 Asian Games Jakarta Palembang Vault 2 14.287 3 14.200

Year-end world rankings

Vault

2010: #9[32]
2011: #1[33]
2013: #1[34]
2015: #1[35]

Beam

2010: #28
2013: #24
2015: #45

Floor

2015: #7

See also

References

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  23. Gymnastics: Chusovitina ends inspirational career happy, healthy. Reuters, 5 August 2012
  24. OLYMPIC IDOL AWARD for Oksana Chusovitina … and her sensational remarks ...! GYMmedia, 31 October 2012
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  29. LIST OF THE ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS 2020 OLYMPIC QUALIFIERS. gymnasticsresults.com
  30. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. Women’s Artistic Gymnastics World Ranking 2010. Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
  33. Women’s Artistic Gymnastics World Ranking 2011. Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
  34. Women’s Artistic Gymnastics World Ranking 2013. Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
  35. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links