Pelaw

Pelaw
Pelaw  Pelaw shown within Tyne and Wear
Population	2,302 (2011)
OS grid reference	NZ291622
Metropolitan borough	Gateshead
Metropolitan county	Tyne and Wear
Region	North East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	GATESHEAD
Postcode district	NE10
Dialling code	0191
Police	Northumbria
Fire	Tyne and Wear
Ambulance	North East
EU Parliament	North East England
UK Parliament	Jarrow
List of places UK England Tyne and Wear

Pelaw /ˈpiːlɔː/ is a district that forms part of the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead in Tyne and Wear, in north-east England. It lies in between the older settlements of Heworth to the West and Bill Quay to the East with Wardley to the south and the southern bank of the river Tyne forming the northern border.

Pelaw came into being due to the huge Victorian factory complexes of the Co-Operative Wholesale Society ("CWS") which was the manufacturing division of the then burgeoning Co-Op company, which grew up along the length of the Shields Road. This mile long stretch of red-brick industry was home to factories making clothing and textiles, furniture, pharmaceuticals, household cleaning products, quilts, books and magazines and the world-famous "Pelaw" shoe polish. The factories created Pela w and were practically its sole employer during most of the twentieth century but due to inevitable foreign competition, the prevailing economic climate and government policies of the times, the majority of the factories were closed and demolished between the mid 1970s and early 1990s to be replaced in recent years by modern housing estates. Two of the original CWS buildings, the Shirt Factory and the Cabinet Factory, are extant. The Shirt Factory no longer manufactures garments and was a private concern and the Cabinet Factory in Bill Quay, which later became a major Brentford Nylons plant, has been transformed into a modern business park by the name of Stonehills. The last factory to be demolished was the shirt Factory.

Rail

Pelaw is the site of a major rail junction located on the original route of the East Coast Main Line. Pelaw Junction was the meeting point of the Brandling Junction Railway, the Leamside Line and the Durham Coast Line. National Rail freight and passenger trains continue to use the Durham Coast Line, while a single freight line connects the junction to an oil terminal at Jarrow, running alongside the Metro line. The Leamside Line was mothballed in 1991.

Today, the area is served by Pelaw Metro station which is an interchange between trains going to South Shields and those going to Sunderland, which share the Durham Coast Line with National Rail rolling stock. The station was fully refurbished in 2006.

Demography

In 2011, Pelaw had a population of 2,302, compared with 9,100 compared with the Pelaw and Heworth ward The ward is split into three distinct districts, Heworth to the south of the Tyne and Wear Metro line (population 5,273), Pelaw to the north of the metro line and the A185 road (population 2,302) and Bill Quay to the east of King Georges field and north of the A185 road (population 1,525).

Pelaw compared 2011	Pelaw	Pelaw (with Heworth and Bill Quay)
White British	94.1%	96.3%
Asian	2.9%	1.7%
Black	0.2%	0.4%

In 2011, 5.9% of Pelaw's residents were non white british compared with 3.7% for the Pelaw and Heworth ward. Despite not being the largest of the three districts in the ward, Pelaw is the most ethnically diverse (with Bill Quay being 97.4% White British), but for some reason has a smaller percentage of black people compared with the surrounding ward.

In Pelaw there is a lot of contrast between ethnic groups, for example the five output areas that cover the centre of Pelaw are around 90% White British with the most ethnically diverse output area being 88.1%. While the four output areas on the eastern and western edges of the district are all at least 97% White British with the least ethnically diverse output area being 99.2%. Pelaw is more ethnically diverse than other Gateshead districts like the Leam Lane Estate or Windy Nook but less so compared with Felling and Saltwell.

People from Pelaw

• Bobby Hughes - Footballer who played in the Football League for Wigan Borough and Brentford.
• Ronnie Starling - England international footballer and captain of 1935 FA Cup winners Sheffield Wednesday.
• John Thain - Footballer who played in the Football League for Brentford, Grimsby Town and Newcastle United.
• Chris Waddle - England international footballer, who won three Division 1 titles with Olympique de Marseille.
• The juvenile jazz band the Pelaw Hussars appeared in the film Get Carter.