Pterostylis

Greenhood
File:Pterostylis coccinea 270903.jpg
Pterostylis coccina
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Orchidoideae
Tribe:	Diurideae
Subtribe:	Pterostylidinae
Genus:	Pterostylis R.Br., 1810
Type species
Pterostylis curta R.Br., 1810
Synonyms
Diplodium Sw. Oligochaetochilus Szlach. Plumatichilos Szlach. Bunochilus D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Crangonorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Eremorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Hymenochilus D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Linguella D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Petrorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Pharochilum D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Ranorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Speculantha D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Stamnorchis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Taurantha D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. Urochilus D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.

File:Pterostylis coccinea 051002a.jpg

Pterostylis coccina, sepals and petals removed
(1) - Lip
(2) - Hinge
(3) - stigma
(4) - pollinia

File:Pterostylis pyramidalis Gnangarra-14.jpg

Pterostylis pyramidalis - Snail orchid

Pterostylis is a terrestrial deciduous genus of some 200 or so species of orchids found in central and eastern Indonesia, New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea and New Caledonia. The common name of this orchid is greenhood - a number of species have green flowers with the dorsal sepal forming a "hood" over the rest of the flower. The name Pterostylis is based on the Greek words meaning winged column (pteron - a wing, stylis - a column). In a number of species, the flower has a hinged lip that swings backwards when touched by an insect, forming a tube with the column and wings. The trapped insect is then forced to crawl out of the tube, removing the pollinia in the process.

Species

• Pterostylis abrupta D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis aciculiformis (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis acuminata R.Br.
• Pterostylis aenigma D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis aestiva D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis agathicola D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis agrestis (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis alata (Labill.) Rchb.f.
• Pterostylis allantoidea R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis alobula (Hatch) L.B.Moore
• Pterostylis alpina R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis alveata Garnet
• Pterostylis anaclasta (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis anatona D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis aneba D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis angusta A.S.George
• Pterostylis aphylla Lindl.
• Pterostylis aquilonia D.L.Jones & B.Gray
• Pterostylis arenicola M.A.Clem. & J.Stewart
• Pterostylis areolata Petrie
• Pterostylis arfakensis (J.J.Sm.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis aspera D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis atrans D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis atriola D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis auriculata Colenso
• Pterostylis australis Hook.f.
• Pterostylis banksii R.Br. ex A.Cunn.
  • var. banksii
  • var. silvicultrix
• Pterostylis baptistii Fitzg.
• Pterostylis barbata Lindl.,
• Pterostylis barringtonensis (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis basaltica D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis bicolor M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis bicornis D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis biseta Blackmore & Clemesha
• Pterostylis boormanii Rupp
• Pterostylis brumalis L.B.Moore
• Pterostylis bryophila D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis bureaviana Schltr.
• Pterostylis calceolus M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis cardiostigma D.Cooper
• Pterostylis caulescens L.O.Williams
• Pterostylis cernua D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis chaetophora M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis cheraphila D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis chlorogramma D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis chocolatina (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis ciliata M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis clavigera Fitzg.
• Pterostylis clivicola (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis cobarensis M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis coccina Fitzg.
• Pterostylis collina (Rupp) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis commutata D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis concava D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis concinna R.Br.
• Pterostylis conferta (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis crassa (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis crassicaulis (D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis crassichila D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis cucullata R.Br.
• Pterostylis curta R.Br.
• Pterostylis cycnocephala Fitzg.
• Pterostylis daintreana F.Muell. ex Benth.
• Pterostylis decurva R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis depauperata F.M.Bailey
• Pterostylis despectans (Nicholls) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis dilatata A.S.George
• Pterostylis diminuta (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis dolichochila D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis dubia R.Br.
• Pterostylis elegans D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis erecta T.E.Hunt
• Pterostylis erythroconcha M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis exalla (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis excelsa M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis extranea (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis ferruginea (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis fischii Nicholls
• Pterostylis flavovirens (D.L.Jones) R.J.Bates
• Pterostylis foliata Hook.f.
• Pterostylis frenchii (D.L.Jones) A.P.Br.
• Pterostylis furcata Lindl.
• Pterostylis gibbosa R.Br.
• Pterostylis glyphida (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis graminea Hook.f.
• Pterostylis grandiflora R.Br.
• Pterostylis hamata Blackmore & Clemesha
• Pterostylis hamiltonii Nicholls
• Pterostylis hians D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis hildae Nicholls
• Pterostylis hispidula Fitzg.
• Pterostylis humilis R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis incognita (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis insectifera M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis irsoniana Hatch
• Pterostylis irwinii D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis jonesii G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis laxa Blackmore
• Pterostylis lepida (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis leptochila M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis lineata (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis lingua M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis littoralis (D.L.Jones) R.J.Bates
• Pterostylis loganii (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis longicurva Rupp
• Pterostylis longifolia R.Br.
• Pterostylis longipetala Rupp
• Pterostylis lustra D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis macilenta (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis macrocalymma M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis macrosepala (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis major (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis maxima M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis melagramma D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis metcalfei D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis micromega Hook.f.
• Pterostylis mirabilis (D.L.Jones) R.J.Bates
• Pterostylis mitchellii Lindl. in T.L.Mitchell
• Pterostylis montana Hatch
  • var. montana
  • var. rubricaulis
• Pterostylis monticola D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis multiflora (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis mutica R.Br.
• Pterostylis mystacina (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis nana R.Br.
• Pterostylis nigricans D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis nutans R.Br.
• Pterostylis oblonga D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis obtusa R.Br.
• Pterostylis oliveri Petrie
• Pterostylis ophioglossa R.Br.
• Pterostylis ovata M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis paludosa D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis papuana Rolfe
• Pterostylis parca (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis parviflora R.Br.
• Pterostylis patens Colenso
• Pterostylis pearsonii (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis pedina (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis pedoglossa Fitzg.
• Pterostylis pedunculata R.Br.
• Pterostylis petrosa D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis picta M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis planulata D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis plumosa Cady
• Pterostylis porrecta D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis praetermissa M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis prasina (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis pratensis D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis procera D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis psammophilus (D.L.Jones) R.J.Bates
• Pterostylis puberula Hook.f.
• Pterostylis pulchella Messmer
• Pterostylis pusilla R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis pyramidalis Lindl.
• Pterostylis recurva Benth.
• Pterostylis reflexa R.Br.
• Pterostylis revoluta R.Br.
• Pterostylis riparia D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis robusta R.S.Rogers
• Pterostylis roensis M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis rogersii E.Coleman
• Pterostylis rubenachii D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis rubescens (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis rufa R.Br.
• Pterostylis russellii T.E.Hunt
• Pterostylis sanguinea D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis sargentii C.R.P.Andrews
• Pterostylis saxicola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis scabra Lindl.
• Pterostylis scabrida Lindl.
• Pterostylis scoliosa D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis setifera M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis silvicultrix (F.Muell.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis sinuata (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis smaragdyna D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis spathulata M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis spissa (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis splendens D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis squamata R.Br.
• Pterostylis stenochila D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis stenosepala (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis stricta Clemesha & B.Gray
• Pterostylis subtilis D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis tanypoda D.L.Jones, Molloy & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis tasmanica D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis taurus M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis tenuicauda Kraenzl.
• Pterostylis tenuis (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis tenuissima Nicholls
• Pterostylis thulia (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis timorensis Schuit. & J.J.Verm.
• Pterostylis timothyi (D.L.Jones) Janes & Duretto
• Pterostylis torquata D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis tristis Colenso
• Pterostylis trullifolia Hook.f.
  • var. gracillis
  • var. trullifolia
• Pterostylis truncata Fitzg.
• Pterostylis tunstallii D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis turfosa Endl. in J.G.C.Lehmann
• Pterostylis uliginosa D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis umbrina (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis venosa Colenso
• Pterostylis ventricosa (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis vernalis (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.
• Pterostylis viriosa (D.L.Jones) R.J.Bates
• Pterostylis vitrea (D.L.Jones) Bostock
• Pterostylis vittata Lindl.
• Pterostylis wapstrarum D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis williamsonii D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis woollsii Fitzg.
• Pterostylis xerophila M.A.Clem.
• Pterostylis ziegeleri D.L.Jones

Nothospecies

• Pterostylis × conoglossa Upton
• Pterostylis × furcillata Rupp
• Pterostylis × ingens (Rupp) D.L.Jones
• Pterostylis × toveyana Ewart & Sharman

• Pterostylis curta 190303.jpg

  Pterostylis curta

• Pterostylis grandiflora (Illustrationes Florae Novae Hollandiae plate 2).jpg

  Pterostylis grandiflora

• Pterostylis melagramma.jpg

  Pterostylis melagramma

• Pterostylis stenochila setting seeds.jpg

  Pterostylis stenochila
  setting seeds

• Pterostylis Bluff LC0254.jpg

  Pterostylis spec.

• Pterostylis recurva Gnangarra-32.jpg

  Pterostylis recurva
  Jug Orchid

• Pterostylis sanguinea Gnangarra-17.jpg

  Pterostylis sanguinea
  Dark banded greenhood

• Pterostylis vittata Gnangarra -31.jpg

  Pterostylis vittata
  Banded greenhood

References

• Flora of New Zealand, Volume II
• Pterstylis on Florabase for the 68 species found in Western Australia

External links

• Media related to Pterostylis at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Pterostylis at Wikispecies

• Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families