RMS Windsor Castle (1922)

For the later Union-Castle ship of the same name, see RMS Windsor Castle (1959).

300px Windsor Castle at Cape Town, South Africa.
History
United Kingdom
Name:	SS Windsor Castle
Owner:	Union-Castle Line
Port of registry:	Southampton, United Kingdom
Builder:	John Brown & Company, Clydebank, Scotland
Launched:	9 March 1921
Maiden voyage:	April 1922
Fate:	Sunk on 23 March 1943 by a German aircraft off Algiers, Algeria
General characteristics
Type:	Ocean liner
Tonnage:	18,967 gross register tons (GRT), 19,141 gross register tons (GRT) after 1937 refit.
Length:	661 ft (201 m), lengthened to 686 ft (209 m) during 1937 refit.
Beam:	72 ft 6 in (22.10 m)
Propulsion:	Steam turbines turning two propellers.
Speed:	17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) after 1937 refit.
Capacity:	870, reduced to 604 during 1937 refit.

The first RMS Windsor Castle, along with her sister, RMS Arundel Castle, was an ocean liner laid down by the Union-Castle Line for service from the United Kingdom to South Africa. Originally laid down in 1916, their construction was held up by the First World War. They were not completed until 1922. They were the only four-stacked ocean liners built for a route other than the transatlantic. During the 1930s, Windsor and Arundel were given refits to make them look more modern. This included reducing their funnels from four to two, and they both were given raked, more modern bows, which slightly increased their length. Also removed were the ships' large gantry-like davits capable of carrying six lifeboats each (like those carried on HMHS Britannic), which were replaced with the much more common Welin davits featured on liners such as RMS Titanic.

File:Postcard RMS Windsor Castle.jpg

SS Windsor Castle after being fitted with a more raked bow and her four funnels reduced to two

Commissioned as a troop transport in the Second World War, Windsor Castle was sunk in 1943 by a torpedo launched from a German aircraft while in the Mediterranean Sea as part of convoy KMF-11. She was hit by the torpedo at 2:30 am but did not sink until 5:25 pm, stern first, 110 miles (180 km) WNW of Algiers, Algeria. Only one crewman, Junior Engineer Officer William Ogilvie Mann, died. 2,699 troops and 289 crew were removed by the destroyers HMS Whaddon, HMS Eggesford, and HMS Douglas.

External links

• MaritimeQuest RMS Windsor Castle pages
• The Great Ocean Liners: SS Windsor Castle