Sarcochilus

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Sarcochilus
File:Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii - FitzGerald, Australian Orchids - vol. 1 pl. 19 (1882).jpg
Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii
1882 illustration[1]
Scientific classification
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Sarcochilus

R. Br. (1810)
Type species
Sarcochilus falcatus
Synonyms[2]
  • Gunnia Lindl.
  • Parasarcochilus Dockrill
  • Monanthochilus (Schltr.) R.Rice

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File:Sarcochilus Fitzhart.jpg
Sarcochilus 'Fitzhart'

The genus Sarcochilus, abbreviated as Sarco. in the horticultural trade, is a member of the Orchid family (Orchidaceae), consisting of 25 species endemic to Northern Australia, Eastern Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea and New Caledonia.[2]

The name Sarcochilus is derived from the Greek words sarx ( = flesh) and cheilos ( = lip), referring to the fleshy labellum of these orchids.

The genus Sarcochilus is shown to be non-monophyletic [3]

These are epiphytic or lithophytic orchids with leaves arranged disticiously and not originating from a pseudobulb. The axillary, racemose inflorescence is pendant to arching with a few to many, successive opening flowers with free petals and sepals. The colour of the flowers is variable and goes from pure white (S. falcatus) to white and red (S. fitzgeraldii). The trilobed, fleshy labellum is saccate ( = pouch-like) and articulate to the apex of the column foot. The large side lobes are erect and curved. The small midlobe is attached to a short spur. Some of these species can form keikis, forming large clumps with age.

Many species have become endangered or vulnerable, due to illegal collecting.

Species

Hybrids

The species S. falcatus, S. fitzgeraldii and S. hartmannii have been hybridized, often with S. australis, producing rounder, cherry-red flowers. A few examples are : S.. Fitzhart (hartmannii x fitzgeraldii), S. Heidi (Fitzhart x hartmannii), S. Arcadia (Lois x Fitzhart) and S. George Colthup (Melba x hartmannii).

Intrageneric hybrids include

  • x Aeridochilus (Aerides x Sarcochilus)
  • x Gastrosarcochilus (Gastrochilus x Sarcochilus)
  • x Luichilus (Luisia x Sarcochilus)
  • x Malcolmcampbellara (Drymoanthus x Plectorrhiza x Sarcochilus)
  • x Parachilus (Parasarcochilus x Sarcochilus)
  • x Plectochilus (Plectorrhiza x Sarcochilus)
  • x Pomatochilus (Pomatocalpa x Sarcochilus)
  • x Porterara (Rhynchostylis x Sarcochilus x Vanda)
  • x Rhinochilus (Rhinerrhiza x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sarcocentrum (Ascocentrum x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sarcomoanthus (Sarcochilus x Drymoanthus)
  • x Sarconopsis (Phalaenopsis x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sarcorhiza (Rhinerrhiza x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sarcothera (Renanthera x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sarcovanda (Sarchilus x Vanda)
  • x Sartylis (Rhynchostylis x Sarcochilus)
  • x Sladeara (Doritis x Phalaenopsis x Sarcochilus)
  • x Uptonara (Phalaenopsis x Rhynchostylis x Sarcochilus)

References

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External links