Silas Wright

Silas Wright, Jr.
14th Governor of New York
In office January 1, 1845 – December 31, 1846
Lieutenant	Addison Gardiner
Preceded by	William C. Bouck
Succeeded by	John Young
United States Senator from New York
In office January 4, 1833 – November 26, 1844
Preceded by	William L. Marcy
Succeeded by	Henry A. Foster
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 20th district
In office March 4, 1827 – February 16, 1829
Preceded by	Daniel Hugunin, Jr.
Succeeded by	George Fisher
Personal details
Born	(1795-05-24)May 24, 1795 Amherst, Massachusetts
Died	Canton, New York
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Clarissa Moody (1833–1847)
Profession	Politician, Lawyer
Religion	Presbyterian

Silas Wright, Jr. (May 24, 1795 – August 27, 1847) was an American Democratic politician, a member of the Albany Regency.

Life and politics

Wright was born in Amherst, Massachusetts, and moved with his father to Weybridge, Vermont, in 1796. He graduated from Middlebury College in 1815 and moved to Sandy Hill, New York, the next year, where he studied law, being admitted to the bar in 1819. Wright commenced practice in Canton, New York. He served as surrogate of St. Lawrence County 1821-1824 and then as a member of the New York State senate from 1824 to 1827. Wright was appointed brigadier general of the state militia in 1827.

In 1826, he was elected to the Twentieth Congress and served from March 4, 1827, to February 16, 1829, when he resigned. In Congress, he supported the protective tariff of 1828, although subsequently he became an advocate of a tariff for revenue only. He also voted for the appointment of a committee to inquire into the expediency of abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia. He successfully contested the election of George Fisher to the Twenty-first Congress, but declined to qualify. Wright served as Comptroller of the State of New York from 1829 to 1833, in which post he became a prominent follower of Martin Van Buren and a member of the Albany Regency that ran the state for the Democratic Party in this period. Wright was elected to the United States Senate in 1833 as a Democrat to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William L. Marcy. He was reelected in 1837 and served from January 4, 1833, to November 26, 1844.

In the Senate, he served as Chairman of the Finance Committee from 1836 to 1841. He supported Henry Clay's compromise tariff of 1833, defended Andrew Jackson's removal of the deposits, opposed the recharter of the United States Bank, voted against John C. Calhoun's motion not to receive a petition for abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia, voted in favor of excluding from the mails all “printed matter calculated to excite the prejudices of the southern states in regard to the question of slavery,” opposed the distribution among the states of the surplus federal revenues, supported the Independent Treasury scheme of Martin Van Buren, voted in 1838 against the resolution offered by William Cabell Rives of Virginia declaring that the citizens of the states had no right to interfere with the question of slavery in the federal territories and that the people of those territories had the exclusive right to settle that question for themselves, opposed the bill requiring the states to choose members of Congress by single districts, voted for the tariff of 1842, and voted against the treaty for the annexation of Texas.

Wright was offered the Democratic vice presidential nomination in 1844, as a sop to followers of Van Buren, who had been disappointed in his hopes for renomination. Wright declined, and instead ran for the position of Governor of New York.

He served as Governor from 1845 to 1846. As Governor, he opposed in 1845 the calling of a convention to revise the state constitution, preferring the adoption of amendments then proposed; he vetoed a bill appropriating money for works on the canals; he recommended legislation against the anti-renters, and on occasion of disturbances produced by them in Delaware County in 1845 proclaimed the county to be in a state of insurrection and called out a military force. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection, being defeated by the Whig candidate John Young.

Wright died soon after, aged 52, in Canton, on August 27, 1847, and is interred in Old Canton Cemetery.

Legacy

Wright depicted on the 1882 $50 Gold certificate.

The people of Weybridge, Vermont, erected a monument to their local son and it stands today in the center of town along Route 23. The monument is the basis for the name of the local Monument Farms Dairy.

References

• Lives by Gilet, (Albany, 1874); Hammond, (Syracuse, 1848; republished as vol. iii. of Hammond's Political History of New York); Jenkins, (Auburn, 1847)

• Silas Wright at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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External links

• St. Lawrence County Historical Association at the Silas Wright House

United States House of Representatives
Preceded by Nicoll Fosdick	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 20th congressional district March 4, 1827 – February 16, 1829	Succeeded by Joseph Hawkins
Political offices
Preceded by William L. Marcy	New York State Comptroller 1829–1833	Succeeded by Azariah C. Flagg
United States Senate
Preceded by William L. Marcy	U.S. Senator (Class 3) from New York January 4, 1833 – November 26, 1844 Served alongside: Charles E. Dudley and Nathaniel P. Tallmadge	Succeeded by Henry A. Foster
Preceded by Daniel Webster Massachusetts	Chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance 1836–1841	Succeeded by Henry Clay Kentucky
Political offices
Preceded by William C. Bouck	Governor of New York 1845–1846	Succeeded by John Young