The Masque of Mandragora

086 – The Masque of Mandragora
Doctor Who serial
250px The Brethren of Demnos commune with the Mandragora Helix
Cast
Doctor Tom Baker (Fourth Doctor)
Companion Elisabeth Sladen (Sarah Jane Smith)
Others Jon Laurimore — Count Federico Gareth Armstrong — Giuliano Tim Pigott-Smith — Marco Norman Jones — Hieronymous Robert James — High Priest Brian Ellis — Brother Antony Carrick — Rossini Pat Gorman — Soldier Jay Neill, Peter Walshe — Pikemen James Appleby, John Clamp — Guards Peter Tuddenham — Voice Peggy Dixon, Jack Edwards, Alistair Fullarton, Michael Reid, Kathy Wolff — Dancers Stuart Fell — Entertainer
Production
Writer	Louis Marks
Director	Rodney Bennett
Script editor	Robert Holmes
Producer	Philip Hinchcliffe
Executive producer(s)	None
Incidental music composer	Dudley Simpson
Production code	4M
Series	Season 14
Length	4 episodes, 25 minutes each
Originally broadcast	4–25 September 1976
Chronology
← Preceded by Followed by → The Seeds of Doom The Hand of Fear

The Masque of Mandragora is the first serial of the 14th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts from 4 September to 25 September 1976.

Plot

The Fourth Doctor shows Sarah some of the TARDIS interior, and they come across the secondary console room. Activating the viewscreen, the Doctor sees a swirl of living energy in the time vortex — the Mandragora Helix, which starts to draw them in. The intelligence within the Helix psychically attacks them as the Doctor tries to pilot the TARDIS through it. The ship ends up inside the Helix, and the Doctor and Sarah duck behind the TARDIS as a fragment of glowing Helix energy flies by. They escape in the TARDIS, not knowing that the fragment has entered with them.

In 15th century San Martino in Italy, a peasant revolt is violently put down by Count Federico and his men, led by Captain Rossini. In a palace, Federico's brother, the Duke of San Martino, lies dying, attended to by his son Giuliano and Giuliano's companion Marco. The Duke's death had been foretold by Hieronymous, the court astrologer, but Giuliano, a man of science, does not believe in such superstition. In fact, Hieronymous is working for Federico, and the horoscope's prediction of the Duke's death was helped along by poison. Hieronymous tells the Count that he feels his powers are growing, but all Federico wants is for the astrologer to foretell Giuliano's death next, and he will take care of the rest.

The TARDIS materialises in a field near San Martino, and when the Doctor and Sarah go out to explore, the energy fragment flies out of the TARDIS, unseen. Sarah wanders off and is kidnapped by a group of men in hooded robes. The Doctor tries to rescue her but is knocked out, and when he awakes he witnesses the energy fragment fly towards and kill a peasant. Searching for Sarah, the Doctor is confronted by the Count's men and arrested.

At the court, the Doctor tries to tell Federico that the energy fragment could spell the end of the world. The Count at first thinks the Doctor is a seer, like Hieronymous, but when the astrologer quizzes the Doctor, it becomes clear that the Doctor does not believe in any of it. Federico orders the Doctor to be executed as a spy. Meanwhile, Sarah is brought before a priest and told that she is the foretold sacrifice to Demnos, the Roman god of moonlight and solstice. Back at the palace courtyard, the Doctor is led to the executioner.

Before the executioner's sword lands, the Doctor unfurls his scarf and hooks it around the executioner's ankle, throwing him off balance. The Doctor escapes and finds his way into catacombs beneath the city. The guards, fearing the Brethren of Demnos who reside in those passages, stop their pursuit. Inside, Sarah is laid out on an altar. A purple-robed figure is about to stab her with when the Doctor snatches Sarah away, just as the fragment appears in the chamber, suffusing it with a red glow and providing a distraction for the two to escape.

Giuliano examines the body of a guard that was killed earlier by the passage of the fragment, and while he does not know the cause of the guard's death, he dismisses ideas that it was some kind of fire demon. The Doctor and Sarah are found by palace guards. In the temple, the Helix manifests itself as a pillar of red light and tells the purple-robed figure that he will be given undreamed-of powers to carry out its will on Earth and become the planet's supreme ruler. After the Helix vanishes, the figure removes his mask, revealing the face of Hieronymous.

The guards bring the Doctor and Sarah to Giuliano, who shows him the dead guard's body and tells the Doctor of fears that if Federico rules San Martino, all knowledge and learning will be suppressed. Elsewhere, Federico discovers that Giuliano has invited several nobles to San Martino to celebrate his succession to the Dukedom. Angered, Federico demands Hieronymous make up a new horoscope and poison Giuliano before the next evening.

The Doctor deduces that the Helix chose San Martino because the Brethren provided a ready-made power base. The 15th century was the transition between the Dark Ages and the dawn of the Renaissance — the Helix could gain control of the Earth now through a new religion. The Doctor tells Giuliano the temple must be destroyed. They go to the temple, and the Doctor enters the catacombs alone, but as he enters the main chamber the Helix attacks him psychically. Rossini informs Federico of Giuliano's trip to the temple, and the Count decides to take his guards to the temple to kill his "pagan" nephew. The guards corner Giuliano with their swords. Sarah runs into the catacombs calling for the Doctor, but is caught by the Brethren.

The Helix attack stops, but the Doctor is prevented from venturing further into the temple. He leaves to find Giuliano fighting the guards and joins in. Giulianio is wounded, and suddenly, the Brethren emerge from the forest and force the guards to retreat. The Doctor and Giuliano go into the catacombs. Sarah is brought back to the astrologer's chambers where she is left gagged as the Priest and Heironymous talk. The priest is eager to sacrifice Sarah, but Hieronymous decides to use her as bait for the Doctor. Hieronymous allowed the Brethren to save Giuliano because the young prince may still have value. Sarah is brought back to the astrologer's chambers and is hypnotised to believe the Doctor is an evil sorcerer. Hieronymous gives her a poisoned needle to kill the Doctor.

At the palace, the invited nobles begin to arrive, and Federico realizes he does not have much time to eliminate Giuliano, but Rossini is unable to find Giuliano in San Martino. Hieronymous warns Federico that his life is in danger. Federico scoffs, believing Hieronymous to be a fraud, but is suspicious enough to tell Rossini to banish Hieronymous from the city.

In the catacombs, Giuliano and the Doctor find Sarah, who cannot remember anything after her capture by the cult. They make their way into the palace dungeons through a secret passage. The Doctor goes to confront Hieronymous, whom he has deduced is the leader of the Brethren, in his rooms. Sarah secretly follows, trying to carry out her post-hypnotic orders. When the Doctor speaks to Hieronymous, Sarah sneaks up behind him with the needle, but the Doctor snaps her out of the trance, just as the guards come for Hieronymous. The astrologer escapes, but the guards capture the Doctor, Sarah, and Giuliano.

In the dungeons, Federico accuses the prisoners of being followers of Demnos. Rossini rushes in, informing the Count that members of the Brethren are gathering on the streets and moving towards the temple. The Doctor tries to convince Federico that Hieronymous is the real threat. Federico takes the Doctor with him and some guards, leaving the others as hostages. In the temple, Hieronymous summons the Helix, which begins infusing him and his followers with power. Disguised in hoods, the Doctor, Federico and the guards enter and witness the ceremony. Federico steps forward, calls Hieronymous a traitor, and rips off the golden mask, only to reveal glowing energy in place of a face. Hieronymous raises a finger, and electrical energy stabs out at the Count, reducing him to ashes.

Hieronymous then fires at and kills the two guards as well, but does not seem to have seen the Doctor. The Doctor joins the circle around the Helix as Hieronymous announces that Mandragora will swallow the moon the next evening and then the Brethren will strike. The Doctor slips away unnoticed. Back in the palace dungeons, Rossini is about to kill the prisoners when the Doctor arrives and reveals that Federico is dead. The guards change their allegiance to Giuliano and take Rossini into custody. The Doctor observes that the Brethren are still a danger. He tells Giuliano to fortify the palace in preparation for their attack.

In the meantime, the Brethren are driving people out of the city, isolating the palace. Giuliano wants to cancel the masque that will celebrate his accession, but Marco is confident they can defend the palace against the Brethren. The Doctor calculates there will be a lunar eclipse that evening — Mandragora swallowing the Moon — and when the Helix takes over, it will remove all sense of purpose from mankind. Right now, however, the Helix energy is spread thinly over all the Brethren, and it could be exhausted. He asks Giuliano for a breastplate and a length of wire. Wearing the breastplate under his coat, if he has guessed right about the nature of Helix energy, he could drain it off.

Hieronymous knows of a secret way into the palace, and he intends to infiltrate his men under cover of the masque. The Doctor makes his way into the temple and grounds the altar with wire. Hieronymous addresses the Doctor as "Time Lord", and says that Earth has to be possessed; if mankind's ambition is not checked, it will eventually spread into the Galaxy and the powers of Mandragora will not allow a rival within their domain. Hieronymous fires a bolt of energy into the Doctor's chest, knocking him back painfully, but the Doctor survives.

At the masque, the Brethren make their appearance, and the masqueraders run about in panic as they fire into the crowd. Hieronymous then appears and tells the Brethren to take the others into the temple for the final sacrifice. The Moon goes into eclipse, and the Brethren place their hands on the altar as a ball of Helix energy descends. However, it consumes the Brethren, expanding and then fading away. "Hieronymous" removes his mask — it was the Doctor, imitating the cult leader's voice. The Doctor explains it as a case of "energy squared", putting the Mandragora Helix back where it came from.

The Doctor and Sarah make their goodbyes to Giuliano. Just before they leave in the TARDIS, Doctor tells Sarah that while Giuliano will not have any more trouble with Mandragora, humanity will. The constellation will be in position at about the end of the 20th century.

Continuity

In the console room, the Doctor dusts with a frilly white undershirt like those worn by the Third Doctor, and Sarah picks up a recorder like the one played by the Second Doctor. With the start of the new season, the previous police box exterior was replaced, as the old one had deteriorated owing to wear and tear. The new one was used regularly until Shada. In addition, a new serif font is used for the episode titles. This serial also marks the first appearance of the TARDIS's secondary console room, designed by Barry Newbery, which continued to be used until the end of the season, making its final appearance in The Robots of Death. Some stories suggest that the set warped in storage between seasons, thus becoming unusable, while others suggest that new producer Graham Williams didn't care for the wooden set. The original, futuristic interior was restored the following season.

At one point, Sarah questions why she can understand 15th-century Italian. The Doctor doesn't explain, eventually saying only that this is "a Time Lord gift I allow you to share." In The End of the World, Rose asks the Ninth Doctor a similar question and the Doctor tells her that altering her language perception is a function of the TARDIS's telepathic field. In "The Christmas Invasion", it is stated that the Doctor is "part of the circuit" of the TARDIS's telepathic translation gift, and so it does not function while he is in a post-regenerative coma; furthermore, it is extended to various people standing near the TARDIS as well as Rose when he recovers.

The Mandragora Helix showed up again in the spin-off media, on schedule, at the end of the 20th century in the Doctor Who Magazine comic strip The Mark of Mandragora (DWM #169 - #172). It is defeated by the Seventh Doctor and Ace with the help of UNIT Captain Muriel Frost. The BBC Books Past Doctor Adventures novel The Eleventh Tiger by David A. McIntee features an energy helix that is strongly implied to be the same one featured in The Masque of Mandragora. The Mandragora Helix returned once more in the BBC Books New Series Adventures novel Beautiful Chaos by Gary Russell.

According to the Sarah Jane Smith: Buried Secrets audio series from Big Finish Productions, after his encounter with the Doctor and Sarah, Giuliano takes charge of the Brotherhood of Demnos and re-forms them into a group called "the Orphans of the Future". He also writes a text, the "Book of Tomorrows", recording what he has learned about the future, including a prediction about an alien force that will return around the end of the 20th century. Later, the group divides into two chapters over the question of whether this force is benign (as the White Chapter believes) or malevolent (as the Crimson Chapter believes). Both chapters interpret the Book of Tomorrows as saying that the arrival of the aliens will be preceded by the Herald, whom they eventually identify as Sarah Jane Smith. The Crimson Chapter hopes to forestall the aliens' arrival by killing Sarah Jane, while the White Chapter goes to great lengths to keep her alive. The Sarah Jane Adventures story Secrets of the Stars was originally going to be a sequel to The Masque of Mandragora, but during production this decision was reversed and all explicit references to that earlier story were removed.

In a Torchwood tie-in, Exodus Code (2012), Jack Harkness also encounters the helix in Brazil, connected to a powerful alien telepath named Gaia. Written by John Barrowman and his sister Carole, the book is set after the events of Torchwood: Miracle Day.

Production

Working titles for this story included The Catacombs of Death and The Curse of Mandragora. The ultimate name references the masque, entertainment performed by masked players, that later plays a key role in the plot.

Location shooting for the serial was done at the resort of Portmeirion in Wales, better known as the setting for the cult series The Prisoner.

Cast notes

Tim Pigott-Smith previously played Captain Harker in The Claws of Axos. Norman Jones previously played Khrisong in The Abominable Snowmen and Major Baker in Doctor Who and the Silurians. Robert James had previously played Lesterson in The Power of the Daleks.

Outside references

Mandragora is the Latin name of the plant mandrake, which is believed in folklore to have magical qualities.

Martin Wiggins, senior lecturer and fellow at the Shakespeare Institute at Stratford-upon-Avon, has compared this story's plot with Hamlet: Giuliano, like Hamlet, is an intellectual and inexperienced prince opposed by his usurping uncle. The conflict between science and religion in this story also echoes Hamlet's discussions about the nature of the supernatural world.

Broadcast and reception

Serial details by episode

Episode	Broadcast date	Run time	Viewers (in millions)
"Part One"	4 September 1976 (1976-09-04)	24:31	8.3
"Part Two"	11 September 1976 (1976-09-11)	24:44	9.8
"Part Three"	18 September 1976 (1976-09-18)	24:34	9.2
"Part Four"	25 September 1976 (1976-09-25)	24:45	10.6

Paul Cornell, Martin Day, and Keith Topping wrote of the serial in The Discontinuity Guide (1995), "One of the few metaphors in Doctor Who history (nasty alien energy mass = superstition and scientific ignorance) is blurred by the lack of actual scientific understanding that the story exhibits. Looks and sounds great, though." In The Television Companion (1998), David J. Howe and Stephen James Walker reported that viewers had a mixed reaction to the serial, according to the BBC's Audience Research Report, but there had been a majority of "moderate approval". Howe and Walker themselves commended the "very well written and highly intelligent" scripts, the "polished production", and strong cast. In 2010, Patrick Mulkern of Radio Times described the serial as "polished" with "an air of confidence in the writing and performances". He praised the masked ball ending and the costumes and music, and remarked that "perhaps the only feeble note is the representation of the Helix". DVD Talk's Ian Jane gave The Masque of Mandragora three and a half out of five stars, calling it "pretty entertaining stuff". While he felt that "it's a bit predictable and most of the supporting cast is surprisingly poorly defined", he praised Baker and the atmosphere of the serial and wrote that ultimately the good outweighs the bad.

Commercial releases

In print

Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora

Author	Philip Hinchcliffe
Cover artist	Mike Little
Series	Doctor Who book: Target novelisations
Release number	42
Publisher	Target Books
Publication date	8 December 1977
ISBN	0-426-11893-6

A novelisation of this serial, written by Philip Hinchcliffe, was published by Target Books in December 1977. A French translation of it was published in 1987. An unabridged reading of the novelisation read by Tim Pigott-Smith was released by BBC Audiobooks in April 2009.

Home media

This story was released on VHS in August 1991. It was released on DVD on 8 February 2010. This serial was also released as part of the Doctor Who DVD Files in issue 64 on 15 June 2011.

External links

• The Masque of Mandragora at BBC Online
• The Masque of Mandragora at Doctor Who: A Brief History of Time (Travel)
• The Masque of Mandragora at the Doctor Who Reference Guide

Reviews

• The Masque of Mandragora reviews at Outpost Gallifrey
• The Masque of Mandragora reviews at The Doctor Who Ratings Guide

Target novelisation

• Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora reviews at The Doctor Who Ratings Guide
• On Target — Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora