William John Patterson

For other people of the same name, see William Patterson (disambiguation).

Hon. William John Patterson MLA
6th Premier of Saskatchewan
In office November 1, 1935 – July 10, 1944
Monarch	George V Edward VIII George VI
Lieutenant Governor	Hugh Edwin Munroe Archibald Peter McNab
Preceded by	James G. Gardiner
Succeeded by	Tommy Douglas
10th Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan
In office June 25, 1951 – February 3, 1958
Monarch	George VI Elizabeth II
Governor General	The Viscount Alexander of Tunis Vincent Massey
Premier	Tommy Douglas
Preceded by	John Michael Uhrich
Succeeded by	Frank Lindsay Bastedo
Leader of the Opposition
In office July 10, 1944 – August 6, 1946
Preceded by	John Brockelbank
Succeeded by	Walter Tucker
MLA for Pipestone
In office June 9, 1921 – June 19, 1934
Preceded by	Richard James Phin (Lib.)
Succeeded by	riding abolished
MLA for Cannington
In office June 19, 1934 – April 2, 1949
Preceded by	Samson Wallace Arthur (Ind.)
Succeeded by	Roscoe Arnold McCarthy (Lib.)
Personal details
Born	May 13, 1886 Grenfell, District of Assiniboia, North-West Territories
Died
Political party	Liberal
Religion	United Church of Canada

William John Patterson (May 13, 1886 – June 10, 1976) was a Liberal Premier of Saskatchewan, Canada. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 1921 election. He succeeded James G. Gardiner to become the province's first Saskatchewan-born premier in 1935.

Patterson's leadership was considered to be uninspired. He was unable to resist the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation's rise to power in the 1944 election under Tommy Douglas. Patterson's Liberals were reduced to five seats in the Legislature. He resigned as Liberal leader in 1946.

Patterson served as the tenth Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan from 1951 to 1958, becoming the first person to have been both Premier and lieutenant governor of the province.

Biography

William John Patterson was born on May 13, 1886 at Grenfell in what was then the District of Assiniboia of the North-West Territories. His father, John Patterson had moved to Grenfell in 1882 to work as a railway section foreman during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. His mother, Catherine Fraser, was an immigrant from Scotland.

Patterson left school at age 15 and found work first at a bank and then in the Saskatchewan Department of Telephones. Following the outbreak of World War I, Patterson in 1916 enlisted in the Canadian Army, serving as a cavalry officer. He was wounded in September 1918.

Upon his return to Saskatchewan after the war, he studied law in Grenfell under lawyer G.C. Neff, and then moved to Windthorst, Saskatchewan to set up a financial and insurance agency.

Patterson ran in the Saskatchewan general election of 1921 as the Saskatchewan Liberal Party's candidate for the constituency of Pipestone. Patterson won the district and took his seat in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. Patterson held several cabinet positions in governments headed by Premier James Garfield Gardiner. He was reelected in the 1925 election and the 1929 election, although in the latter case the Liberals lost the election and Patterson moved to the Opposition. In the 1934 election, the Liberals returned to power, and Patterson returned to cabinet.

In 1935, Premier Gardiner left provincial politics to become Canadian Minister of Agriculture under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. Patterson was elected as Gardiner's successor as leader of the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan and Premier of Saskatchewan. Taking office in the midst of the Great Depression, Patterson sought to extend social programs to assist those in need. His government increased funding for education; enacted pension and debt relief legislation; and expanded public funding for treatment of tuberculosis, cancer, and polio. However, Patterson subscribed to the conventional wisdom of the day that deficit spending would ruin the province's credit and he therefore refused to run a budget deficit, instead funding the increased government spending through a new sales tax. His government also passed legislation making it easier to form credit unions; permitting the formation of unions; and increasing labour standards.

Patterson won reelection in the 1938 election and continued to serve as premier. In the 1944 election, however, the Liberals were easily defeated by the Saskatchewan Co-operative Commonwealth Federation under the leadership of Tommy Douglas. Patterson served as Leader of the Opposition until 1946, at which time he resigned as Liberal party leader and declined to seek re-election to the Legislature in the 1948 election.

Following his resignation, Patterson took up a position with the federal Board of Transport Commissioners.

File:Lt Gov Patterson.jpg

Patterson during his time as Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan.

In 1951, Patterson was appointed as the first Saskatchewan-born Lieutenant Governor. He served in this post until 1958. Upon Patterson's retirement, Premier Douglas introduced special legislation to provide Patterson with a pension in thanks for his many years of service to the province.

Patterson lived quietly in retirement until his death on June 10, 1976.

External links

• William John Patterson, Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan