Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agr... more Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agricultural products in Indonesia is cassava, but the skin is rarely used, so it can be a source of waste. Cassava peels can be used as a source of bioenergy in the form of biogas. This research was conducted by mixing the ratio of domestic waste mixing IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water by including cassava peels. In the slurry, cassava peels added about 8-9 % This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced from bioreactors with and without silica gel as media. The ratio of domestic waste from IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water 1: 0, 1: 0.5, 1: 0.4 1: 0.3. The retention time during 23 days. The parameters tested from this study were COD, TSS, and VS. From the results of the research, it was found biogas from bioreactor ratio of 1: 0. In the bioreactor with silica gel media biogas was found on the 19th day with a pressure of 499.8 Pa, however in bioreactor without silica gel media, biogas was found at 294 Pa.
The purpose of this study is to increase the conversion of biogas production using digester type ... more The purpose of this study is to increase the conversion of biogas production using digester type CSTR by recycling the effluent through ultrafiltration membrane at transition conditions (45°C). In this research was investigated the effect of recycle ratio on the pH profile, alkalinity, production, and biogas composition produced. Initially, the suitable loading up was determined by varying HRT at 25, 15, 10, and 6 days in 2 L CSTR with agitation rate 250 rpm, pH 7 ± 0.2, and at temperature of 45°C. Furthermore, the effect of the recycle ratio was determined by varying the recycle ratio, i.e. 0, 15, and 25%. Analysis of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were carried out to study the changes of organic compounds that were converted into biogas. Gas analysis is also carried out by measuring the volume and composition of the biogas produced. The highest total biogas production was achieved at 25% recycle ratio of 33.15 x 10-2 L/g.VS.day, with the composition of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were 79; 19; and 0.006% respectively.
Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agr... more Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agricultural products in Indonesia is cassava, but the skin is rarely used, so it can be a source of waste. Cassava peels can be used as a source of bioenergy in the form of biogas. This research was conducted by mixing the ratio of domestic waste mixing IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water by including cassava peels. In the slurry, cassava peels added about 8-9 % This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced from bioreactors with and without silica gel as media. The ratio of domestic waste from IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water 1: 0, 1: 0.5, 1: 0.4 1: 0.3. The retention time during 23 days. The parameters tested from this study were COD, TSS, and VS. From the results of the research, it was found biogas from bioreactor ratio of 1: 0. In the bioreactor with silica gel media biogas was found on the 19th day with a pressure of 499.8 Pa, however in bioreactor without silica gel...
This study aims to determine the effect of variations in pressure and contact time of wastewater ... more This study aims to determine the effect of variations in pressure and contact time of wastewater with air to decrease the parameters of TSS, COD, and oils and fats contained in palm oil wastewater. This study uses a series of Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) process units with the addition of Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulant. This research begins with the manufacture of a series of DAF tanks and flotation tanks. Waste flow is carried out in batches and the air is flowed upflow through the bottom hole of the DAF tank. The pressure variables used in decreasing the parameters of TSS, COD, and oil and fat are absolute 2; absolute 2.5; and absolute 3 atm. The contact time variables for decreasing TSS, COD, and oil and fat parameters were 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes. The results showed a decrease in each of the tested parameters. The effective pressure to reduce the value of the TSS parameter is the absolute pressure of 3 atm and the absolute pressure of oil and grease is 2.5 atm. W...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
This study aims to determine the effect of the initial concentration and pH conditions of the nit... more This study aims to determine the effect of the initial concentration and pH conditions of the nitrate solution on the removal of nitrate in water, which was carried out in batch. The raw material used is kaolin, which is firstly mashed and sieved with a size of 120 mesh, then activated by immersing it in a 0.5 M HCl solution for 24 hours, followed by modification of the surfactant by immersion in a 0.5 M cetyltrimethyllammonium bromide (CTABr) solution for 120 minutes, and accompanied by stirring using a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 150 rpm. Before being used as an adsorbent, kaolin CTABr-modified was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the surface morphology of the material. Batch adsorption test was carried out by adding 1 gram of kaolin CTABr-modified to 100 mL of a solution containing nitrate with various concentrations of 10; 20; 30 mg/L and the pH of the solution is 5; 7; 8. The experiment was carried out for 180 minutes, where every 30 minutes t...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
A study on the performance of fixed-bed column adsorption using natural zeolite Sarulla for ammon... more A study on the performance of fixed-bed column adsorption using natural zeolite Sarulla for ammonia removal has been carried out. The effect of important parameters namely bed height on the breakthrough curve and adsorption performance has been investigated in laboratory scale experiments. The study results show that the adsorption efficiency increases with increasing bed height. These results reveal that the throughput volume of aqueous solution increases with increasing bed height, due to the availability of more adsorption sites and a longer time to reach saturation. Adsorption kinetics were analyzed using the Thomas and Yoon and Nelson kinetics models. The kinetics data can be described well using these two models. The maximum adsorption capacity (qo) was determined using the Thomas kinetics model, the ammonia value was 279.3589 mg / g. However, the study results show that the value of qo decreases with increasing ammonia bed height. For Yoon and Nelson’s models, the rate consta...
Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a s... more Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a source of raw material for making biogas. This research uses domestic waste from Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Cemara of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirtanadi, Sumatera Utara Province. The ratio of domestic waste inoculum from WWTP Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water in this study was 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 (v/v). Then, for each variation of the ratio, 3 kg of ground cassava peel was added. This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced by measuring the pressure in a pipe connected to a bioreactor. The process of making biogas uses anaerobic fermentation with a batch system. The parameter tested in this study is the measurement of the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value, Volatile Solid (VS) value, pH value, and total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the variation in the ratio of 100:0 found biogas at...
PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the lev... more PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the level of wastewater produced can be reduced efficiently and naturally. But the biggest problem is, they have is in the environmental aspect of the generated wastewater because it contains cyanide compounds that have potential to pollute the Rambung River. In addition, physical factors and the dimensions of the pond also have a major influence on the industrial wastewater treatment of PT Sari Tani Sumatra. To prevent pollution, an evaluation was carried out in the form of an analysis of the discharge and wastewater content, as well as an analysis of the dimensions of the pond. From the evaluation results, there is a calculation of the discharge water discharge reaching 500 m3/day with the wastewater content dominated by BOD and Cyanide. Furthermore, in the analysis of the dimensions of the pond, there are 2 out of 9 ponds that have problems due to increasing the level of wastewater, even th...
PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the lev... more PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the level of wastewater produced can be reduced efficiently and naturally. But the biggest problem is, they have is in the environmental aspect of the generated wastewater because it contains cyanide compounds that have potential to pollute the Rambung River. In addition, physical factors and the dimensions of the pond also have a major influence on the industrial wastewater treatment of PT Sari Tani Sumatra. To prevent pollution, an evaluation was carried out in the form of an analysis of the discharge and wastewater content, as well as an analysis of the dimensions of the pond. From the evaluation results, there is a calculation of the discharge water discharge reaching 500 m3/day with the wastewater content dominated by BOD and Cyanide. Furthermore, in the analysis of the dimensions of the pond, there are 2 out of 9 ponds that have problems due to increasing the level of wastewater, even th...
The effect of detoxification and substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production by m... more The effect of detoxification and substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production by mixed cultures was investigated in batch experiments using tofu solid waste (TSW) hydrolysate as substrate. TSW as the by product of tofu processing industry was hydrolyzed using diluted hydrochloric acids as catalyst (0.5% wt HCl, 104C and 30 minutes). After neutralized by Ca(OH)2 (aq) and then treated by activated carbon for one hour, the hydrolysate was used for biohydrogen production. The experimental results show that, during fermentative hydrogen production under mesophilic condition and initial pH 6.5 were influenced both substrates without/with detoxification. The maximal hydrogen yield of 4.9 mmol/g reducing sugar (RS) were obtained at detoxified substrate consentration of 2 g GT/L. Detoxification has also shown to shortened lag phase of fermentation (). Adaptation time of microbes during fermentation was reduced from 20 into 13.25 hours for fermentation without/with detoxifica...
Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impac... more Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impact, especially harmful for humans if consumed. Furfural removal in water is necessary to overcome the negative impact. Furfural removal can be carried out using adsorption of activated carbon from durian shell. This study determines contact time and reaction kinetic using modified activated carbon which carried out in 7 stages: preparation of furfural main solution 1000 ppm, furfural work solution, determining furfural standard curve, adsorption time, best mass and adsorption capacity of activated carbon, isotherm adsorption and kinetics. The parameters measured are contact time, capacity, furfural adsorption kinetics. Filtrate testing is carried out using UV-Spectrophotometry. Results that obtained in this study are best contact time at 75 minutes with reaction order; reaction contant (k); linear regression (R2) are 1.5; 3.966 × 10-5 (mg/g)/s; 0.9451 respectively. The isotherm adsorption...
Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impac... more Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impact, especially harmful for humans if consumed. Furfural removal in water is necessary to overcome the negative impact. Furfural removal can be carried out using adsorption of activated carbon from durian shell. This study determines contact time and reaction kinetic using modified activated carbon which carried out in 7 stages: preparation of furfural main solution 1000 ppm, furfural work solution, determining furfural standard curve, adsorption time, best mass and adsorption capacity of activated carbon, isotherm adsorption and kinetics. The parameters measured are contact time, capacity, furfural adsorption kinetics. Filtrate testing is carried out using UV-Spectrophotometry. Results that obtained in this study are best contact time at 75 minutes with reaction order; reaction contant (k); linear regression (R) are 1.5; 3.966 × 10-5 (mg/g)/s; 0.9451 respectively. The isotherm adsorption ...
Ide utama dari pembelajaran teknologi adalah pembangunan pembelajaran manusia sehingga peserta me... more Ide utama dari pembelajaran teknologi adalah pembangunan pembelajaran manusia sehingga peserta membangun pengetahuan baru berdasarkan pengalaman sebelumnya (Bada & Olusegun) Hal pertama yang perlu dilakukan bahwa peserta didik membangun pemahaman baru menggunakan apa yang mereka miliki, mereka ketahui. Tidak ada tabula rasa di mana pengetahuan baru terukir.
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Chemical Science and Technology Innovation, 2019
Furfural is an organic compound that can be produced from agricultural waste such as oats, corn c... more Furfural is an organic compound that can be produced from agricultural waste such as oats, corn cobs, rice husks, bagasse, and sawdust. Cocoa pod husk is a renewable raw material for furfural manufacturing. Furfural synthesis from cocoa pod husk is an attempt to create value-added of cocoa pod husk. Furfural synthesis was based on the hydrolysis of pentosan into xylose which was then dehydrated to furfural. Cocoa pod husk waste contains pectin and lignin which can interfere hydolysis process. It make use pretreatment process to reduce pectin and lignin. Percentages pectin, lignin and pentosan before pretreatment were 9.2 ± 0.5, 14.7% and 38.9% and after pretreatment to be 1.7 ± 0.01, 4.13% and 37.5%. In this study used hydrolysis temperature variations (110, 120, 130 and 140) 0C and hydrolysis time (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) minutes. The optimum conditions obtained at temperature and time of hydrolysis of 1300C and 30 minutes, weight furfural obtained was 6.728 g/7,50g pentosan or 6,72...
Durian shell is one of the agricultural wastes has the potency to valuable product therefore this... more Durian shell is one of the agricultural wastes has the potency to valuable product therefore this study aims to utilize durian shells in activated carbon production and examine effect of variations phosphoric acid (H3PO4) concentration and carbon soaking time to characteristics of activated carbon. Durian shell pyrolyzed at 400C for 2 hours, milled using ball mill, sifted with a 100 mesh sieve, and carbon is activated with soaking using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with various concentrations of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70% (v/v) and soaking time of 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, 12 hours, and 15 hours. Effect of variation concentration and soaking time shows the characterization of activated carbon are fluctuating. Activated carbon with the highest iodine number of 1,080,1728 mg/g obtains at activator concentration 30% (v/v) for 9 hours. Results of the SEM-EDX analysis of activated carbon show that mesoporous group, BET analysis shows 44,372 m/g of surface area. Keyword: activated carbon, soaking...
Desa Paya Perupuk dikenal sebagai sentra industri makanan ringan dodol yang sudah ada sejak tahun... more Desa Paya Perupuk dikenal sebagai sentra industri makanan ringan dodol yang sudah ada sejak tahun 1946 yang dirintis oleh M. Isa. Lokasi Desa Perupuk yang sangat strategis, yaitu di pinggir jalan lintas Sumatera Utara-Aceh, berjejer kios-kios penjual dodol sepanjang 500 meter memberikan keuntungan sendiri dalam memasarkan dan memperkenalkan dodol Tanjung Pura. Sampai saat ini ada dua kelompok usaha bersama yaitu UPPKS (Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Sejahtera) Mentari 1 dan UPPKS Mentari 2. Menurut para mitra (pengusaha dodol) hingga saat ini proses pengolahan dodol masih secara tradisional yaitu proses pengadukan adonan dodolnya secara manual selama ± 4 jam dengan menggunakan tenaga manusia yang mayoritas dikerjakan ibu-ibu penduduk desa setempat usia paruh baya (usia 35 s.d 50 tahun). Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PPM) USU bersama mitra sepakat memprioritaskan permasalahan yang ada yaitu pada proses pengadukkan adonan dodol saat pemasakan dodol, saat ini pengadukkan masih ...
Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agr... more Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agricultural products in Indonesia is cassava, but the skin is rarely used, so it can be a source of waste. Cassava peels can be used as a source of bioenergy in the form of biogas. This research was conducted by mixing the ratio of domestic waste mixing IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water by including cassava peels. In the slurry, cassava peels added about 8-9 % This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced from bioreactors with and without silica gel as media. The ratio of domestic waste from IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water 1: 0, 1: 0.5, 1: 0.4 1: 0.3. The retention time during 23 days. The parameters tested from this study were COD, TSS, and VS. From the results of the research, it was found biogas from bioreactor ratio of 1: 0. In the bioreactor with silica gel media biogas was found on the 19th day with a pressure of 499.8 Pa, however in bioreactor without silica gel media, biogas was found at 294 Pa.
The purpose of this study is to increase the conversion of biogas production using digester type ... more The purpose of this study is to increase the conversion of biogas production using digester type CSTR by recycling the effluent through ultrafiltration membrane at transition conditions (45°C). In this research was investigated the effect of recycle ratio on the pH profile, alkalinity, production, and biogas composition produced. Initially, the suitable loading up was determined by varying HRT at 25, 15, 10, and 6 days in 2 L CSTR with agitation rate 250 rpm, pH 7 ± 0.2, and at temperature of 45°C. Furthermore, the effect of the recycle ratio was determined by varying the recycle ratio, i.e. 0, 15, and 25%. Analysis of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were carried out to study the changes of organic compounds that were converted into biogas. Gas analysis is also carried out by measuring the volume and composition of the biogas produced. The highest total biogas production was achieved at 25% recycle ratio of 33.15 x 10-2 L/g.VS.day, with the composition of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were 79; 19; and 0.006% respectively.
Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agr... more Indonesia has an abundance of various types of agricultural products. One of the abundance of agricultural products in Indonesia is cassava, but the skin is rarely used, so it can be a source of waste. Cassava peels can be used as a source of bioenergy in the form of biogas. This research was conducted by mixing the ratio of domestic waste mixing IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water by including cassava peels. In the slurry, cassava peels added about 8-9 % This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced from bioreactors with and without silica gel as media. The ratio of domestic waste from IPAL Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water 1: 0, 1: 0.5, 1: 0.4 1: 0.3. The retention time during 23 days. The parameters tested from this study were COD, TSS, and VS. From the results of the research, it was found biogas from bioreactor ratio of 1: 0. In the bioreactor with silica gel media biogas was found on the 19th day with a pressure of 499.8 Pa, however in bioreactor without silica gel...
This study aims to determine the effect of variations in pressure and contact time of wastewater ... more This study aims to determine the effect of variations in pressure and contact time of wastewater with air to decrease the parameters of TSS, COD, and oils and fats contained in palm oil wastewater. This study uses a series of Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) process units with the addition of Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulant. This research begins with the manufacture of a series of DAF tanks and flotation tanks. Waste flow is carried out in batches and the air is flowed upflow through the bottom hole of the DAF tank. The pressure variables used in decreasing the parameters of TSS, COD, and oil and fat are absolute 2; absolute 2.5; and absolute 3 atm. The contact time variables for decreasing TSS, COD, and oil and fat parameters were 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes. The results showed a decrease in each of the tested parameters. The effective pressure to reduce the value of the TSS parameter is the absolute pressure of 3 atm and the absolute pressure of oil and grease is 2.5 atm. W...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022
This study aims to determine the effect of the initial concentration and pH conditions of the nit... more This study aims to determine the effect of the initial concentration and pH conditions of the nitrate solution on the removal of nitrate in water, which was carried out in batch. The raw material used is kaolin, which is firstly mashed and sieved with a size of 120 mesh, then activated by immersing it in a 0.5 M HCl solution for 24 hours, followed by modification of the surfactant by immersion in a 0.5 M cetyltrimethyllammonium bromide (CTABr) solution for 120 minutes, and accompanied by stirring using a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 150 rpm. Before being used as an adsorbent, kaolin CTABr-modified was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the surface morphology of the material. Batch adsorption test was carried out by adding 1 gram of kaolin CTABr-modified to 100 mL of a solution containing nitrate with various concentrations of 10; 20; 30 mg/L and the pH of the solution is 5; 7; 8. The experiment was carried out for 180 minutes, where every 30 minutes t...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
A study on the performance of fixed-bed column adsorption using natural zeolite Sarulla for ammon... more A study on the performance of fixed-bed column adsorption using natural zeolite Sarulla for ammonia removal has been carried out. The effect of important parameters namely bed height on the breakthrough curve and adsorption performance has been investigated in laboratory scale experiments. The study results show that the adsorption efficiency increases with increasing bed height. These results reveal that the throughput volume of aqueous solution increases with increasing bed height, due to the availability of more adsorption sites and a longer time to reach saturation. Adsorption kinetics were analyzed using the Thomas and Yoon and Nelson kinetics models. The kinetics data can be described well using these two models. The maximum adsorption capacity (qo) was determined using the Thomas kinetics model, the ammonia value was 279.3589 mg / g. However, the study results show that the value of qo decreases with increasing ammonia bed height. For Yoon and Nelson’s models, the rate consta...
Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a s... more Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a source of raw material for making biogas. This research uses domestic waste from Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Cemara of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirtanadi, Sumatera Utara Province. The ratio of domestic waste inoculum from WWTP Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water in this study was 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 (v/v). Then, for each variation of the ratio, 3 kg of ground cassava peel was added. This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced by measuring the pressure in a pipe connected to a bioreactor. The process of making biogas uses anaerobic fermentation with a batch system. The parameter tested in this study is the measurement of the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value, Volatile Solid (VS) value, pH value, and total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the variation in the ratio of 100:0 found biogas at...
PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the lev... more PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the level of wastewater produced can be reduced efficiently and naturally. But the biggest problem is, they have is in the environmental aspect of the generated wastewater because it contains cyanide compounds that have potential to pollute the Rambung River. In addition, physical factors and the dimensions of the pond also have a major influence on the industrial wastewater treatment of PT Sari Tani Sumatra. To prevent pollution, an evaluation was carried out in the form of an analysis of the discharge and wastewater content, as well as an analysis of the dimensions of the pond. From the evaluation results, there is a calculation of the discharge water discharge reaching 500 m3/day with the wastewater content dominated by BOD and Cyanide. Furthermore, in the analysis of the dimensions of the pond, there are 2 out of 9 ponds that have problems due to increasing the level of wastewater, even th...
PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the lev... more PT Sari Tani Sumatera uses the WWTP system in method stabilization pond with the aim that the level of wastewater produced can be reduced efficiently and naturally. But the biggest problem is, they have is in the environmental aspect of the generated wastewater because it contains cyanide compounds that have potential to pollute the Rambung River. In addition, physical factors and the dimensions of the pond also have a major influence on the industrial wastewater treatment of PT Sari Tani Sumatra. To prevent pollution, an evaluation was carried out in the form of an analysis of the discharge and wastewater content, as well as an analysis of the dimensions of the pond. From the evaluation results, there is a calculation of the discharge water discharge reaching 500 m3/day with the wastewater content dominated by BOD and Cyanide. Furthermore, in the analysis of the dimensions of the pond, there are 2 out of 9 ponds that have problems due to increasing the level of wastewater, even th...
The effect of detoxification and substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production by m... more The effect of detoxification and substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production by mixed cultures was investigated in batch experiments using tofu solid waste (TSW) hydrolysate as substrate. TSW as the by product of tofu processing industry was hydrolyzed using diluted hydrochloric acids as catalyst (0.5% wt HCl, 104C and 30 minutes). After neutralized by Ca(OH)2 (aq) and then treated by activated carbon for one hour, the hydrolysate was used for biohydrogen production. The experimental results show that, during fermentative hydrogen production under mesophilic condition and initial pH 6.5 were influenced both substrates without/with detoxification. The maximal hydrogen yield of 4.9 mmol/g reducing sugar (RS) were obtained at detoxified substrate consentration of 2 g GT/L. Detoxification has also shown to shortened lag phase of fermentation (). Adaptation time of microbes during fermentation was reduced from 20 into 13.25 hours for fermentation without/with detoxifica...
Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impac... more Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impact, especially harmful for humans if consumed. Furfural removal in water is necessary to overcome the negative impact. Furfural removal can be carried out using adsorption of activated carbon from durian shell. This study determines contact time and reaction kinetic using modified activated carbon which carried out in 7 stages: preparation of furfural main solution 1000 ppm, furfural work solution, determining furfural standard curve, adsorption time, best mass and adsorption capacity of activated carbon, isotherm adsorption and kinetics. The parameters measured are contact time, capacity, furfural adsorption kinetics. Filtrate testing is carried out using UV-Spectrophotometry. Results that obtained in this study are best contact time at 75 minutes with reaction order; reaction contant (k); linear regression (R2) are 1.5; 3.966 × 10-5 (mg/g)/s; 0.9451 respectively. The isotherm adsorption...
Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impac... more Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impact, especially harmful for humans if consumed. Furfural removal in water is necessary to overcome the negative impact. Furfural removal can be carried out using adsorption of activated carbon from durian shell. This study determines contact time and reaction kinetic using modified activated carbon which carried out in 7 stages: preparation of furfural main solution 1000 ppm, furfural work solution, determining furfural standard curve, adsorption time, best mass and adsorption capacity of activated carbon, isotherm adsorption and kinetics. The parameters measured are contact time, capacity, furfural adsorption kinetics. Filtrate testing is carried out using UV-Spectrophotometry. Results that obtained in this study are best contact time at 75 minutes with reaction order; reaction contant (k); linear regression (R) are 1.5; 3.966 × 10-5 (mg/g)/s; 0.9451 respectively. The isotherm adsorption ...
Ide utama dari pembelajaran teknologi adalah pembangunan pembelajaran manusia sehingga peserta me... more Ide utama dari pembelajaran teknologi adalah pembangunan pembelajaran manusia sehingga peserta membangun pengetahuan baru berdasarkan pengalaman sebelumnya (Bada & Olusegun) Hal pertama yang perlu dilakukan bahwa peserta didik membangun pemahaman baru menggunakan apa yang mereka miliki, mereka ketahui. Tidak ada tabula rasa di mana pengetahuan baru terukir.
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Chemical Science and Technology Innovation, 2019
Furfural is an organic compound that can be produced from agricultural waste such as oats, corn c... more Furfural is an organic compound that can be produced from agricultural waste such as oats, corn cobs, rice husks, bagasse, and sawdust. Cocoa pod husk is a renewable raw material for furfural manufacturing. Furfural synthesis from cocoa pod husk is an attempt to create value-added of cocoa pod husk. Furfural synthesis was based on the hydrolysis of pentosan into xylose which was then dehydrated to furfural. Cocoa pod husk waste contains pectin and lignin which can interfere hydolysis process. It make use pretreatment process to reduce pectin and lignin. Percentages pectin, lignin and pentosan before pretreatment were 9.2 ± 0.5, 14.7% and 38.9% and after pretreatment to be 1.7 ± 0.01, 4.13% and 37.5%. In this study used hydrolysis temperature variations (110, 120, 130 and 140) 0C and hydrolysis time (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) minutes. The optimum conditions obtained at temperature and time of hydrolysis of 1300C and 30 minutes, weight furfural obtained was 6.728 g/7,50g pentosan or 6,72...
Durian shell is one of the agricultural wastes has the potency to valuable product therefore this... more Durian shell is one of the agricultural wastes has the potency to valuable product therefore this study aims to utilize durian shells in activated carbon production and examine effect of variations phosphoric acid (H3PO4) concentration and carbon soaking time to characteristics of activated carbon. Durian shell pyrolyzed at 400C for 2 hours, milled using ball mill, sifted with a 100 mesh sieve, and carbon is activated with soaking using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with various concentrations of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70% (v/v) and soaking time of 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, 12 hours, and 15 hours. Effect of variation concentration and soaking time shows the characterization of activated carbon are fluctuating. Activated carbon with the highest iodine number of 1,080,1728 mg/g obtains at activator concentration 30% (v/v) for 9 hours. Results of the SEM-EDX analysis of activated carbon show that mesoporous group, BET analysis shows 44,372 m/g of surface area. Keyword: activated carbon, soaking...
Desa Paya Perupuk dikenal sebagai sentra industri makanan ringan dodol yang sudah ada sejak tahun... more Desa Paya Perupuk dikenal sebagai sentra industri makanan ringan dodol yang sudah ada sejak tahun 1946 yang dirintis oleh M. Isa. Lokasi Desa Perupuk yang sangat strategis, yaitu di pinggir jalan lintas Sumatera Utara-Aceh, berjejer kios-kios penjual dodol sepanjang 500 meter memberikan keuntungan sendiri dalam memasarkan dan memperkenalkan dodol Tanjung Pura. Sampai saat ini ada dua kelompok usaha bersama yaitu UPPKS (Usaha Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Sejahtera) Mentari 1 dan UPPKS Mentari 2. Menurut para mitra (pengusaha dodol) hingga saat ini proses pengolahan dodol masih secara tradisional yaitu proses pengadukan adonan dodolnya secara manual selama ± 4 jam dengan menggunakan tenaga manusia yang mayoritas dikerjakan ibu-ibu penduduk desa setempat usia paruh baya (usia 35 s.d 50 tahun). Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PPM) USU bersama mitra sepakat memprioritaskan permasalahan yang ada yaitu pada proses pengadukkan adonan dodol saat pemasakan dodol, saat ini pengadukkan masih ...
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