Dünya'daki en büyük çevresel problemlerden biri sera gazı emisyon salınımlarındaki artıştır. Düny... more Dünya'daki en büyük çevresel problemlerden biri sera gazı emisyon salınımlarındaki artıştır. Dünyada Sera Gazı Emisyon Salınımında en yüksek paya Enerji Sektörü sahiptir. Enerji sektörü içinde ise ulaşım sektörü insan yapımı sera gazlarının en önemli üreticisidir. Özellikle Türkiye'de ulaştırma sektöründe sera gazı emisyon salınımı, nüfus artışı ve teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak sürekli artmaktadır. Bu salınımları azaltacak yeni teknolojilerin geliştirilmesi ve yeni politikaların uygulanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de 2003 yılında uygulanan hurda araçlar kanunu model olarak kullanılmış ve 2010 yılında çıkarıldığı düşünülerek otomobil emisyon oranındaki azalışın ne olacağı incelenmiştir. 20 yaş üstü tüm otomobiller hurda kabul edilmiştir. Sera Gazı emisyon salınımları hurda kanununun olması ve olmaması koşulları öngörülerek hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Muhtemel bir hurda yasası ile 20 yaş üstü otomobillerin yaklaşık %30'unun hurdaya ayrılacağı ve her bir hurda araca karşın otomobil satışında bir adet artış olacağı yaklaşımı yapılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucu emisyon salınımındaki azalış 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında sırasıyla; CO 2 'de %0,3 ve %1,9; N 2 O'da %1,2 ve %3,8; CH 4 'da %3,
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2016
Öz: Hızlı toksisite testlerinden; test süresi, numune hacmi, uygun maliyeti ve sonuç hassasiyeti ... more Öz: Hızlı toksisite testlerinden; test süresi, numune hacmi, uygun maliyeti ve sonuç hassasiyeti nedeniyle; biyolüminesans bakteri ile yapılan akut toksisite testi, birçok ülke standartlarında yerini almıştır. Biyolüminesans bakterinin ticari bir kiti olan Microtox® Reagent'ın hassasiyeti, referans toksik madde (kontrol) sayesinde tespit edilebilmektedir. Microtox® akut toksisite testinde kullanılmak üzere üretici firma tarafından farklı referans toksik maddeler (kontrol) önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Microtox® akut toksisite testinde kullanılmak üzere formaldehitin alternatif referans toksik madde (kontrol) olarak kullanımı hedeflenmiştir. Formaldehitin Vibrio fischeri'ye göre olan akut toksisitesi, 5., 15. ve 30. dakika inhibisyon sürelerinde çalışılmıştır. İnhibisyon sürelerine göre EC50 değerleri sırasıyla 2,30±0,60 mg/l; 2,14±0,63 mg/l ve 2,17±0,70 mg/l bulunmuştur. Her bir örnekleme grubu için bulunan EC50 değerlerinin, ortalamadan sapmaları ise 0,01-0.47 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Formaldehitin tüm inhibisyon süreleri için ortalama akut toksisite sonucuna bakıldığında da; 5. dakikalık sonuçta 0,10 birim sapma görülmektedir. 15. ve 30. dakikalık inhibisyon süreleri için ise; ortalama sırasıyla 0,06 ve 0,04 birim sapma ile ortalamaya ve birbirlerine daha yakın değerler aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışılan referans toksik maddeler; reagent, analizör ve test operatörünün pipetleme hassasiyetinin performansını göstermektedir.
For lagoon ecosystems, it is crucial to conduct long-term monitoring of the water quality paramet... more For lagoon ecosystems, it is crucial to conduct long-term monitoring of the water quality parameters and predict their potential effects. This study aimed to analyse the changes in the water quality index (WQI) profile of the Küçükçekmece Lagoon in Istanbul, Turkey, which has been facing ecological problems, and determine the increased stress in aquatic biota due to different pollutants. To begin, the sampling data were obtained from the Küçükçekmece Lagoon throughout a 13-month period in 2018–2019. The estimated WQI values were compared to studies conducted in the same study area within the last 20 years. Then, the relationship between the acute toxicity of surface waters, which is the recommended parameter for analyses in this field, and the WQI was determined. Although the water class has generally been defined as ‘good quality’ (WQI = 86), the study found it to be ‘very poor quality’ (WQI = 112 and 97, respectively) with bloom events and toxicity effects in spring and autumn. When compared with the WQIs calculated from the last 20 years, a significant improvement in water quality at station L1 (decreased from WQI = 288 to WQI = 161) and a deterioration at station L2 (increased from WQI = 71 to WQI = 100) were observed. The acute toxicity and water quality classes were highly positively correlated (r = 0.773; p < 0.01). The method, used for the first time in this area, was able to interpret the acute toxicity of lagoon surface waters and WQI data. Furthermore, the use of this method was recommended for rapid analysis of the increased stress in aquatic biota.
Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology, 2017
Inappropriate and excessive consumption of one of the most important inventions in human history,... more Inappropriate and excessive consumption of one of the most important inventions in human history, antibiotics, with an increased rate, has resulted with the problem of antibiotic resistance (AR) [3]. Microorganisms are the oldest creatures of the Earth with a skill of fast adaptation for ever changing status of the environment. With that skill, sooner or later they develop an ability to combat with antimicrobial agents used for destroying them, the “resistance” [4]. This strategy, evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistances, had caused the resistance to become very important, life-threatening problem for all humanity [5]. Nowadays the rate of resistance is rapidly increasing not only for hospital-based cultures but also cultures taken from the environment, which enlarges the problem and makes it even more serious [6-8].
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2020
Antibiotic pollution has the potential to directly affect the health of people, animals and the e... more Antibiotic pollution has the potential to directly affect the health of people, animals and the ecosystem. The presence of antibiotics in the environment can impede the structure of microbial community, having both acute and chronic effects on microbial and planktonic communities. In Turkey, the three most prevalent antibiotics detected in aquatic environment are Amoxicillin, Tetracycline and Nitrofurantoin, but there is almost no information on their toxicity on natural microbial communities. Particularly, there is no data available for marine microorganisms. While the amount of toxicity levels for humans is well known, there is less knowledge about toxic concentration in wildlife, especially smaller and more vulnerable organisms. Consequently, the purpose of this current study is to evaluate the acute toxicity of Amoxicillin, Tetracycline and Nitrofurantoin to the natural water ecosystem, a complex ecological group comprising a variety of bacterial and planktonic species. It is se...
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2016
the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Figur... more the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Figure 1). 169 targetswere proposed and it was highlighted to promote efficiencies andsynergies. This is a truly historic agreement, providing a sharedvision of the future with an integrated approach to development,enabling governments, businesses, civil society organizations, andindividuals to effectively and collectively navigate their waytoward a sustainable future in a manner never experienced before ata global level (UNOSD MLR EGM- 9).
The prevalence of microplastics in global waters raises the concern about their potential effects... more The prevalence of microplastics in global waters raises the concern about their potential effects on aquatic biota. In aquatic environment, microplastics are almost ubiquitously present in all compartments from surface water to benthic sediment, making them accessible to a wide range of aquatic biota occupying different habitats. Exposure to microplastics may induce detrimental implications to the health of aquatic organisms. This review describes the wide occurrence of microplastics ingestion by aquatic fauna and evaluates the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics as well as the associated chemicals on aquatic biota including phytoplankton and fauna from both freshwater and marine environments. Trophic transfer of microplastics and associated contaminants along the aquatic food chain and potential impacts on human health are also discussed. Finally, this review emphasizes the current knowledge gaps and gives recommendations for the future work.
This study aims to determine the in-vehicle and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria concentratio... more This study aims to determine the in-vehicle and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria concentration, fine particle (PM2.5) concentration and particle number concentration for six size ranges (0.3–0.5 µm, >0.5–1.0 µm, >1.0–3.0 µm, >3.0–5.0 µm, >5.0–10 µm, and >10 µm) and to assess the relation between the culturable airborne bacteria and PM2.5 concentrations in different public transport vehicles. The measurement campaign was conducted in the morning and evening onboard of the Metrobus, red-bus and outdoors. PM2.5 concentrations in the Metrobus and red-bus were observed as 58.8 ± 10.2 µg/m3 and 76.2 ± 30.9 µg/m3, respectively, and the outdoor value was about two times more. For both types of public transportation, the amount of internal environment particulate matter and the amount of external environment particulate matter displayed a high level of correlation (red-bus/outdoors, R = 0.97; Metrobus/outdoors, R = 0.88) with the particulate matter size. The concentration ...
The vast use of wet wipes has now become a habitude, particularly following the altered perceptio... more The vast use of wet wipes has now become a habitude, particularly following the altered perception of cleanliness during the pandemic and the encouragement towards using WW (wet wipe) to ensure parent's and children's hygiene. This study primarily aims to create a projection of the WW waste that will emerge in Turkey as a result of the promoted consumption by children who are predicted to retain the WW usage practices of their parents. In line with this habit adopted by children, the number of daily WW usage which is currently around 210 million is expected to rise to over 250 million between the years 2040 and 2060, depending on how the children are guided by their parent's existing habits. In this study, related calculations were made with FT-IR spectroscopy, taking into account the functional bond structure and percentage distribution of polymers in WWs. In this way, it is detected that 360 T, 568 T, and 623 T polymer materials would be thrown into the environment per day in 2021, 2040 and 2060, respectively. The damage of chemicals in WW content, employed at various concentrations, to the ecosystem structure is predicted and measures to be taken are outlined.
Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 2011
Dunya’daki en buyuk cevresel problemlerden biri sera gazi emisyon salinimlarindaki artistir. Duny... more Dunya’daki en buyuk cevresel problemlerden biri sera gazi emisyon salinimlarindaki artistir. Dunyada Sera GaziEmisyon Saliniminda en yuksek paya Enerji Sektoru sahiptir. Enerji sektoru icinde ise ulasim sektoru insanyapimi sera gazlarinin en onemli ureticisidir. Ozellikle Turkiye’de ulastirma sektorunde sera gazi emisyonsalinimi, nufus artisi ve teknolojik gelismelere bagli olarak surekli artmaktadir. Bu salinimlari azaltacak yeniteknolojilerin gelistirilmesi ve yeni politikalarin uygulanmasi oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismada Turkiye’de 2003yilinda uygulanan hurda araclar kanunu model olarak kullanilmis ve 2010 yilinda cikarildigi dusunulerekotomobil emisyon oranindaki azalisin ne olacagi incelenmistir. 20 yas ustu tum otomobiller hurda kabuledilmistir. Sera Gazi emisyon salinimlari hurda kanununun olmasi ve olmamasi kosullari ongorulerekhesaplamalar yapilmistir. Muhtemel bir hurda yasasi ile 20 yas ustu otomobillerin yaklasik %30’unun hurdayaayrilacagi ve her bir hurda araca karsin otomobil satisinda bir adet artis olacagi yaklasimi yapilmistir. Yapilanhesaplamalar sonucu emisyon salinimindaki azalis 2010 ve 2011 yillarinda sirasiyla; CO2’de %0,3 ve %1,9;N2O’da %1,2 ve %3,8; CH4’da %3,9 ve %12,8; CO’de %5,3 ve %17,6; NOx’de %3,6 ve 12,4 ; HC’da %5,6 ve%18,4 olarak belirlenmistir. Otomobillerin tum tasitlarin yarisi oraninda bir sayida oldugu dusunuldugunde vehurda kanununun motorlu kara tasitlarinin tumunu kapsayacagi varsayilirsa bu emisyon azalis sayilariningercekte 2 kat daha fazla olacagi soylenebilir
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Oct 20, 2020
Antibiotic resistance is considered by the countries to be a global health issue and a huge threa... more Antibiotic resistance is considered by the countries to be a global health issue and a huge threat to public health. The reduction of resistant microorganisms from water/wastewater is of importance in environmental sciences since they are resistant in the aquatic environment. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of literature from the field of environmental science in water ecosystems from 2015 to 2019 was carried out using the keywords "Antibiotic Resistance (AR)" and "Escherichia coli". Furthermore, using the keywords of "Fresh Water," "Sea Water," and "Waste Water," 155, 52, and 57 studies were discovered, respectively. It is found that 217 studies of the total 2115 studies investigated on AR are mostly performed in the "Waste Water" by considering human health. Given the studies, an upto-date solution should be proposed since the release of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from wastewater treatment plants needs to be mitigated. For this reason, it is obvious that working on micro and macro ecosystems will increase the probability of solutions in antibiotic resistance. A discussion of removal techniques for coliform bacteria, particularly antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli, was presented. One of the unique values of this study is to offer an innovative solution that removing them by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging crystalline hybrid materials. MOFs are used for environmental, biological, and food antimicrobial substances efficiently. Therefore, we can give inspiration to the future studies of antimicrobial resistance removal via adsorption using MOFs as adsorbents.
Dünya'daki en büyük çevresel problemlerden biri sera gazı emisyon salınımlarındaki artıştır. Düny... more Dünya'daki en büyük çevresel problemlerden biri sera gazı emisyon salınımlarındaki artıştır. Dünyada Sera Gazı Emisyon Salınımında en yüksek paya Enerji Sektörü sahiptir. Enerji sektörü içinde ise ulaşım sektörü insan yapımı sera gazlarının en önemli üreticisidir. Özellikle Türkiye'de ulaştırma sektöründe sera gazı emisyon salınımı, nüfus artışı ve teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak sürekli artmaktadır. Bu salınımları azaltacak yeni teknolojilerin geliştirilmesi ve yeni politikaların uygulanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de 2003 yılında uygulanan hurda araçlar kanunu model olarak kullanılmış ve 2010 yılında çıkarıldığı düşünülerek otomobil emisyon oranındaki azalışın ne olacağı incelenmiştir. 20 yaş üstü tüm otomobiller hurda kabul edilmiştir. Sera Gazı emisyon salınımları hurda kanununun olması ve olmaması koşulları öngörülerek hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Muhtemel bir hurda yasası ile 20 yaş üstü otomobillerin yaklaşık %30'unun hurdaya ayrılacağı ve her bir hurda araca karşın otomobil satışında bir adet artış olacağı yaklaşımı yapılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucu emisyon salınımındaki azalış 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında sırasıyla; CO 2 'de %0,3 ve %1,9; N 2 O'da %1,2 ve %3,8; CH 4 'da %3,
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2016
Öz: Hızlı toksisite testlerinden; test süresi, numune hacmi, uygun maliyeti ve sonuç hassasiyeti ... more Öz: Hızlı toksisite testlerinden; test süresi, numune hacmi, uygun maliyeti ve sonuç hassasiyeti nedeniyle; biyolüminesans bakteri ile yapılan akut toksisite testi, birçok ülke standartlarında yerini almıştır. Biyolüminesans bakterinin ticari bir kiti olan Microtox® Reagent'ın hassasiyeti, referans toksik madde (kontrol) sayesinde tespit edilebilmektedir. Microtox® akut toksisite testinde kullanılmak üzere üretici firma tarafından farklı referans toksik maddeler (kontrol) önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Microtox® akut toksisite testinde kullanılmak üzere formaldehitin alternatif referans toksik madde (kontrol) olarak kullanımı hedeflenmiştir. Formaldehitin Vibrio fischeri'ye göre olan akut toksisitesi, 5., 15. ve 30. dakika inhibisyon sürelerinde çalışılmıştır. İnhibisyon sürelerine göre EC50 değerleri sırasıyla 2,30±0,60 mg/l; 2,14±0,63 mg/l ve 2,17±0,70 mg/l bulunmuştur. Her bir örnekleme grubu için bulunan EC50 değerlerinin, ortalamadan sapmaları ise 0,01-0.47 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Formaldehitin tüm inhibisyon süreleri için ortalama akut toksisite sonucuna bakıldığında da; 5. dakikalık sonuçta 0,10 birim sapma görülmektedir. 15. ve 30. dakikalık inhibisyon süreleri için ise; ortalama sırasıyla 0,06 ve 0,04 birim sapma ile ortalamaya ve birbirlerine daha yakın değerler aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışılan referans toksik maddeler; reagent, analizör ve test operatörünün pipetleme hassasiyetinin performansını göstermektedir.
For lagoon ecosystems, it is crucial to conduct long-term monitoring of the water quality paramet... more For lagoon ecosystems, it is crucial to conduct long-term monitoring of the water quality parameters and predict their potential effects. This study aimed to analyse the changes in the water quality index (WQI) profile of the Küçükçekmece Lagoon in Istanbul, Turkey, which has been facing ecological problems, and determine the increased stress in aquatic biota due to different pollutants. To begin, the sampling data were obtained from the Küçükçekmece Lagoon throughout a 13-month period in 2018–2019. The estimated WQI values were compared to studies conducted in the same study area within the last 20 years. Then, the relationship between the acute toxicity of surface waters, which is the recommended parameter for analyses in this field, and the WQI was determined. Although the water class has generally been defined as ‘good quality’ (WQI = 86), the study found it to be ‘very poor quality’ (WQI = 112 and 97, respectively) with bloom events and toxicity effects in spring and autumn. When compared with the WQIs calculated from the last 20 years, a significant improvement in water quality at station L1 (decreased from WQI = 288 to WQI = 161) and a deterioration at station L2 (increased from WQI = 71 to WQI = 100) were observed. The acute toxicity and water quality classes were highly positively correlated (r = 0.773; p < 0.01). The method, used for the first time in this area, was able to interpret the acute toxicity of lagoon surface waters and WQI data. Furthermore, the use of this method was recommended for rapid analysis of the increased stress in aquatic biota.
Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology, 2017
Inappropriate and excessive consumption of one of the most important inventions in human history,... more Inappropriate and excessive consumption of one of the most important inventions in human history, antibiotics, with an increased rate, has resulted with the problem of antibiotic resistance (AR) [3]. Microorganisms are the oldest creatures of the Earth with a skill of fast adaptation for ever changing status of the environment. With that skill, sooner or later they develop an ability to combat with antimicrobial agents used for destroying them, the “resistance” [4]. This strategy, evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistances, had caused the resistance to become very important, life-threatening problem for all humanity [5]. Nowadays the rate of resistance is rapidly increasing not only for hospital-based cultures but also cultures taken from the environment, which enlarges the problem and makes it even more serious [6-8].
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2020
Antibiotic pollution has the potential to directly affect the health of people, animals and the e... more Antibiotic pollution has the potential to directly affect the health of people, animals and the ecosystem. The presence of antibiotics in the environment can impede the structure of microbial community, having both acute and chronic effects on microbial and planktonic communities. In Turkey, the three most prevalent antibiotics detected in aquatic environment are Amoxicillin, Tetracycline and Nitrofurantoin, but there is almost no information on their toxicity on natural microbial communities. Particularly, there is no data available for marine microorganisms. While the amount of toxicity levels for humans is well known, there is less knowledge about toxic concentration in wildlife, especially smaller and more vulnerable organisms. Consequently, the purpose of this current study is to evaluate the acute toxicity of Amoxicillin, Tetracycline and Nitrofurantoin to the natural water ecosystem, a complex ecological group comprising a variety of bacterial and planktonic species. It is se...
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 2016
the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Figur... more the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Figure 1). 169 targetswere proposed and it was highlighted to promote efficiencies andsynergies. This is a truly historic agreement, providing a sharedvision of the future with an integrated approach to development,enabling governments, businesses, civil society organizations, andindividuals to effectively and collectively navigate their waytoward a sustainable future in a manner never experienced before ata global level (UNOSD MLR EGM- 9).
The prevalence of microplastics in global waters raises the concern about their potential effects... more The prevalence of microplastics in global waters raises the concern about their potential effects on aquatic biota. In aquatic environment, microplastics are almost ubiquitously present in all compartments from surface water to benthic sediment, making them accessible to a wide range of aquatic biota occupying different habitats. Exposure to microplastics may induce detrimental implications to the health of aquatic organisms. This review describes the wide occurrence of microplastics ingestion by aquatic fauna and evaluates the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics as well as the associated chemicals on aquatic biota including phytoplankton and fauna from both freshwater and marine environments. Trophic transfer of microplastics and associated contaminants along the aquatic food chain and potential impacts on human health are also discussed. Finally, this review emphasizes the current knowledge gaps and gives recommendations for the future work.
This study aims to determine the in-vehicle and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria concentratio... more This study aims to determine the in-vehicle and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria concentration, fine particle (PM2.5) concentration and particle number concentration for six size ranges (0.3–0.5 µm, >0.5–1.0 µm, >1.0–3.0 µm, >3.0–5.0 µm, >5.0–10 µm, and >10 µm) and to assess the relation between the culturable airborne bacteria and PM2.5 concentrations in different public transport vehicles. The measurement campaign was conducted in the morning and evening onboard of the Metrobus, red-bus and outdoors. PM2.5 concentrations in the Metrobus and red-bus were observed as 58.8 ± 10.2 µg/m3 and 76.2 ± 30.9 µg/m3, respectively, and the outdoor value was about two times more. For both types of public transportation, the amount of internal environment particulate matter and the amount of external environment particulate matter displayed a high level of correlation (red-bus/outdoors, R = 0.97; Metrobus/outdoors, R = 0.88) with the particulate matter size. The concentration ...
The vast use of wet wipes has now become a habitude, particularly following the altered perceptio... more The vast use of wet wipes has now become a habitude, particularly following the altered perception of cleanliness during the pandemic and the encouragement towards using WW (wet wipe) to ensure parent's and children's hygiene. This study primarily aims to create a projection of the WW waste that will emerge in Turkey as a result of the promoted consumption by children who are predicted to retain the WW usage practices of their parents. In line with this habit adopted by children, the number of daily WW usage which is currently around 210 million is expected to rise to over 250 million between the years 2040 and 2060, depending on how the children are guided by their parent's existing habits. In this study, related calculations were made with FT-IR spectroscopy, taking into account the functional bond structure and percentage distribution of polymers in WWs. In this way, it is detected that 360 T, 568 T, and 623 T polymer materials would be thrown into the environment per day in 2021, 2040 and 2060, respectively. The damage of chemicals in WW content, employed at various concentrations, to the ecosystem structure is predicted and measures to be taken are outlined.
Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 2011
Dunya’daki en buyuk cevresel problemlerden biri sera gazi emisyon salinimlarindaki artistir. Duny... more Dunya’daki en buyuk cevresel problemlerden biri sera gazi emisyon salinimlarindaki artistir. Dunyada Sera GaziEmisyon Saliniminda en yuksek paya Enerji Sektoru sahiptir. Enerji sektoru icinde ise ulasim sektoru insanyapimi sera gazlarinin en onemli ureticisidir. Ozellikle Turkiye’de ulastirma sektorunde sera gazi emisyonsalinimi, nufus artisi ve teknolojik gelismelere bagli olarak surekli artmaktadir. Bu salinimlari azaltacak yeniteknolojilerin gelistirilmesi ve yeni politikalarin uygulanmasi oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismada Turkiye’de 2003yilinda uygulanan hurda araclar kanunu model olarak kullanilmis ve 2010 yilinda cikarildigi dusunulerekotomobil emisyon oranindaki azalisin ne olacagi incelenmistir. 20 yas ustu tum otomobiller hurda kabuledilmistir. Sera Gazi emisyon salinimlari hurda kanununun olmasi ve olmamasi kosullari ongorulerekhesaplamalar yapilmistir. Muhtemel bir hurda yasasi ile 20 yas ustu otomobillerin yaklasik %30’unun hurdayaayrilacagi ve her bir hurda araca karsin otomobil satisinda bir adet artis olacagi yaklasimi yapilmistir. Yapilanhesaplamalar sonucu emisyon salinimindaki azalis 2010 ve 2011 yillarinda sirasiyla; CO2’de %0,3 ve %1,9;N2O’da %1,2 ve %3,8; CH4’da %3,9 ve %12,8; CO’de %5,3 ve %17,6; NOx’de %3,6 ve 12,4 ; HC’da %5,6 ve%18,4 olarak belirlenmistir. Otomobillerin tum tasitlarin yarisi oraninda bir sayida oldugu dusunuldugunde vehurda kanununun motorlu kara tasitlarinin tumunu kapsayacagi varsayilirsa bu emisyon azalis sayilariningercekte 2 kat daha fazla olacagi soylenebilir
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Oct 20, 2020
Antibiotic resistance is considered by the countries to be a global health issue and a huge threa... more Antibiotic resistance is considered by the countries to be a global health issue and a huge threat to public health. The reduction of resistant microorganisms from water/wastewater is of importance in environmental sciences since they are resistant in the aquatic environment. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of literature from the field of environmental science in water ecosystems from 2015 to 2019 was carried out using the keywords "Antibiotic Resistance (AR)" and "Escherichia coli". Furthermore, using the keywords of "Fresh Water," "Sea Water," and "Waste Water," 155, 52, and 57 studies were discovered, respectively. It is found that 217 studies of the total 2115 studies investigated on AR are mostly performed in the "Waste Water" by considering human health. Given the studies, an upto-date solution should be proposed since the release of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from wastewater treatment plants needs to be mitigated. For this reason, it is obvious that working on micro and macro ecosystems will increase the probability of solutions in antibiotic resistance. A discussion of removal techniques for coliform bacteria, particularly antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli, was presented. One of the unique values of this study is to offer an innovative solution that removing them by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging crystalline hybrid materials. MOFs are used for environmental, biological, and food antimicrobial substances efficiently. Therefore, we can give inspiration to the future studies of antimicrobial resistance removal via adsorption using MOFs as adsorbents.
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