Utente:DiNeroScrivi/Sandbox

In news media an echo chamber è la descrzione metaforica di una situazione nella quale informazioni, idee, or credenze sono amplificate o rinforzate dalla trasmissione e dalle ripetizione dentro un sistema "chiuso", dove visioni differenti o in competizione sono censurate, non permesse, o anche sottorappresentate. Il termine è in evidente analogia con la camera di risonanza in musica, dove il suono riverbera.

Come funziona

Osservatori giornalistici dei mass media descrivono la cassa di risonanza in un discorso mediatico. Un fornitore di informazioni lancia una richiesta, che molte persone con la stessa opinione ripetono, più volte (spesso in forma esagerata o distorta) finché molte persone credono che qualche variazione estrema della storia sia vera.

I partecipanti nelle comunità web possono trovare che le loro opinioni costantemente ripetute gli ritornano, rinforzando le loro medesime credenze. Questo può creare significative barriere al discorso critico all'interno di un media online. A causa della formazione di amicizie nelle comunità virtuali con persone che hanno le medesime opinioni, questo effetto può anche accadere nella vita reale. L'effetto della cassa di risonanza may also prevent individuals from noticing changes in language and culture involving groups other than their own. Regardless, the echo chamber effect reinforces one's own present world view, making it seem more correct and more universally accepted than it really is. Another emerging term for this echoing and homogenizing effect on the Internet within social communities is cultural tribalism.

See also

• Big lie
• Confirmation bias
• Disinformation
• Epistemic closure
• Filter bubble
• Opinion corridor
• Positive feedback
• Red herring
• Selective exposure theory
• Spiral of silence
• Tribe (internet)
• Safe space

Further reading

• Philip McRae, "Forecasting the Future Over Three Horizons of Change ", ATA Magazine, May 21, 2010.
• John Scruggs, "The "Echo Chamber" Approach to Advocacy", Philip Morris, Bates No. 2078707451/7452, December 18, 1998.
  • The Hudson Institute's Bradley Center for Philanthropy and Civic Renewal wonder if they "got it, well, Right".
• "Buying a Movement: Right-Wing Foundations and American Politics," (Washington, DC: People for the American Way, 1996). Or download a PDF version of the full report.
• Dan Morgan, "Think Tanks: Corporations' Quiet Weapon," Washington Post, January 29, 2000, p. A1.
• Jeff Gerth and Sheryl Gay Stolberg, "Drug Industry Has Ties to Groups With Many Different Voices", New York Times, October 5, 2000.
• Robert Kuttner, "Philanthropy and Movements," The American Prospect, July 2, 2002.
• Robert W. Hahn, "The False Promise of 'Full Disclosure'," Policy Review, Hoover Institution, October 2002.
• David Brock, Blinded by the Right: The Conscience of an Ex-Conservative (New York, NY: Three Rivers Press, 2002).
• Jeff Chester, "A Present for Murdoch", The Nation, December 2003: "From 1999 to 2002, his company spent almost $10 million on its lobbying operations. It has already poured $200,000 in contributions into the 2004 election, having donated nearly $1.8 million during the 2000 and 2002 campaigns."
• Jim Lobe for Asia Times: "the structure's most remarkable characteristics are how few people it includes and how adept they have been in creating new institutions and front groups that act as a vast echo chamber for one another and for the media"
• Valdis Krebs, "Divided We Stand," Political Echo Chambers
• Jonathan S. Landay and Tish Wells, "Iraqi exile group fed false information to news media", Knight Ridder, March 15, 2004.
• R.G. Keen: The Technology of Oil Can Delays
• Echo chamber at SourceWatch

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