Papers by David Holtgrave
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2002
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2002
AIDS and Behavior, 2014
In 2006, Millett published a seminal literature review that examined 12 hypotheses to explain the... more In 2006, Millett published a seminal literature review that examined 12 hypotheses to explain the high rates of HIV among black MSM. This paper augments Millett's article by reviewing the recent literature on behavioral, biomedical, structural, social contextual, psychosocial, and social network factors that affect HIV rates among black MSM. We searched three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. First we searched all articles that included black or African American and MSM and HIV. We then searched the following terms for each area: behavioral (drug use during sex, crack cocaine use, and serosorting); biomedical (circumcision, STDs, and STIs)
AIDS and Behavior, 2015
Adequate engagement in HIV care is necessary for the achievement of optimal health outcomes and f... more Adequate engagement in HIV care is necessary for the achievement of optimal health outcomes and for the reduction of HIV transmission. Positive Charge (PC) was a national HIV linkage and re-engagement in care program implemented by AIDS United. This study describes three PC programs, the characteristics of their participants, and the continuum of engagement in care for their participants. Eighty-eight percent of participants were engaged in care post PC enrollment. Sixty-nine percent were retained in care, and 46 % were virally suppressed at follow-up. Older participants were more likely to be engaged, retained, and virally suppressed. Differences by race and gender in HIV care and treatment varied across PC programs, reflecting the diverse target populations, locations, and strategies employed by the PC grantees. There is an urgent need for programs that promote HIV care and treatment among vulnerable populations, including young people living with HIV. There is also an urgent need for additional research to test the effectiveness of promising linkage and retention in care strategies, such as peer navigation.
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2003
Journal of Urban Health, 2013
As urban health has emerged as a distinct field, experts have collaborated to develop models for ... more As urban health has emerged as a distinct field, experts have collaborated to develop models for interdisciplinary education to train health professionals. Interdisciplinary learning is an important yet challenging imperative for urban health education. This paper explores lessons learned from a 2010 speaker series at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The television show, The Wire, was used as a teaching tool to illustrate the context of health disparities in American cities and to explore the complex factors perpetuating urban health outcomes. We suggest that individuals interested in developing interdisciplinary teaching models can learn from both the form and the content of The Wire. As a popular televised serial narrative, The Wire prompts an investigation into the forms and circulation of academic research in a fractured and specialized media landscape. The formal narrative structure of the show provides mental scaffolding from which epidemiological, historical, geographical, anthropological, and other relevant disciplinary learning can build. The Wire encourages critical reflection among public health professionals about the forces that shape public health training, research, and practice and offers creative expansions to existing urban health educational efforts.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2014
This special issue of JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes is devoted to health... more This special issue of JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes is devoted to health communication and its role in and impact on HIV prevention and care. The authors in this special issue have tackled a wide swath of topics, seeking to introduce a wider biomedical audience to core health communication principles, strategies, and evidence of effectiveness. Better awareness of health communication strategies and concepts can enable the broader biomedical community to partner with health communication experts in reducing the risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and tuberculosis and maximize linkage and adherence to care. Interventions can be strengthened when biomedical and health communication approaches are combined in strategic and evidence-based ways. Several of the articles in this special issue present the current evidence for health communication's impact. These articles show how far we have come and yet how much further we have to go to document impact convincingly. Examples of the biomedical approaches to HIV control include treatment as prevention, voluntary medical male circumcision, preexposure prophylaxis, sterile needle exchange, opiate substitution therapy, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission. None will succeed without behavior change, which can be facilitated by effective health communication.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 2000
... Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Wolters Kluwer ... Pequegnat, Willo PhD; Fishbein, Martin PhD;... more ... Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Wolters Kluwer ... Pequegnat, Willo PhD; Fishbein, Martin PhD; Celentano, David ScD; Ehrhardt, Anke PhD; Garnett, Geoffrey PhD; Holtgrave, David PhD; Jaccard, James PhD; Schachter, Julius MD; Zenilman, John MD. Article Outline. Collapse Box ...
Community Mental Health Journal, 2014
Persons with serious mental illnesses are at increased risk for contracting and transmitting HIV ... more Persons with serious mental illnesses are at increased risk for contracting and transmitting HIV and often have poor adherence to medication regimens. Determining the economic feasibility of different HIV adherence interventions among individuals with HIV and serious mental illness is important for program planners who must make resource allocation decisions. The goal of this study was to provide a methodology to estimate potential cost savings from an HIV medication adherence intervention program for a new study population, using data from prior published studies. The novelty of this approach is the way CD4 count data was used as a biological marker to estimate costs averted by greater adherence to anti-retroviral treatment. Our approach is meant to be used in other adherence intervention studies requiring cost modeling.
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2015
Preventive Medicine, 2000
Thailand have demonstrated that a short course of zi-Key Words: HIV; perinatal transmission; prev... more Thailand have demonstrated that a short course of zi-Key Words: HIV; perinatal transmission; prevention; dovudine therapy administered to human immunodefizidovudine; cost-effectiveness. ciency virus-infected women during late pregnancy and labor can substantially reduce the likelihood of INTRODUCTION perinatal transmission of HIV. This regimen is both less expensive and less effective than the full course Each year in the developing world more than 500,000 of therapy recommended for use in the United States infants are perinatally infected with HIV [1]. Therefore, by the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS). The objective the recent announcement by the Centers for Disease of the current study is to estimate the incremental cost-Control and Prevention of a 50% reduction in perinatal effectiveness of the full-course zidovudine regimen in transmission of HIV among Thai women treated with comparison to the short-course regimen that was a short course of the antiretroviral drug zidovudine tested in Thailand and to determine conditions under (ZDV) is welcome news [1,2]. which the PHS-recommended regimen produces a net HIV-infected pregnant women in the treatment arm savings in societal resource utilization, relative to the of this placebo-controlled study, undertaken in collaboshorter regimen.
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2002
AIDS Education and Prevention, 2002
Designing Health Messages: Approaches from Communication Theory and Public Health Practice, 1995
Abstract 1. take from the BDM [behavioral decision making] literature theoretical constructs and ... more Abstract 1. take from the BDM [behavioral decision making] literature theoretical constructs and empirical lessons that can be used to guide and improve the development of health communication messages/modify and update B. Fischhoff's [1989; Fischhoff et al, 1993] ...
AIDS Prevention and Mental Health, 1998
AIDS Prevention and Mental Health, 1998
AIDS (London, England), Jan 22, 2002
Scenario and cost-effectiveness analyses were used to estimate the effectiveness and efficiency o... more Scenario and cost-effectiveness analyses were used to estimate the effectiveness and efficiency of HIV prevention activities in the USA (1978-2000). Under four conservative scenarios on the course of HIV epidemic that might have occurred had there been no prevention efforts. we estimate that prevention activities averted 204,000-1,585,000 infections at a cost of between 49,700 US dollars and 6400 US dollars per infection prevented (less than the medical costs of treating a case of HIV disease).
AIDS Prevention and Mental Health, 1998
Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP, 2002
This article presents a brief, logical framework that can be used in conducting a review of the c... more This article presents a brief, logical framework that can be used in conducting a review of the comprehensiveness of any governmental human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention program at the local, state, or national level. The framework, presented as a checklist of questions, could be used by external evaluators of an HIV prevention program, used internally for continuous quality improvement, or a combination of the two. The checklist can be used to select components of HIV prevention programs in need of particular, critical improvements.
Uploads
Papers by David Holtgrave