The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound... more The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound (HiRes US), and generation of mouse brain tumor (glioma) model under HiRes US guided implantation of glioma cells. Normal mouse brain was imaged with 30 MHz HiRes US in six pups and ten adult nude mice. Glioma model was developed by injecting human glioma cells (5 × 10 5 ), U-87MG-luc, under HiRes US guidance, in three pups and five adult mice. Bioluminescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and HiRes US were used for in vivo tumor imaging. In addition, brain imaging ex vivo with HiRes US were also performed in three tumor bearing and five normal brains. The brain parenchyma was seen as a homogeneous low echo on HiRes US without locoregional echo differences. An inverted U shaped linear echo structure (fissure) differentiated the telencephalon from the diencephalon. Bilaterally budding structure at the base of the skull represented the trigeminal nerve. The inserted needle, used to implant the glioma cells, was seen as a high linear echogenic reflection. Brain tumor on ex vivo HiRes US was well demarcated, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to the surrounding healthy brain. In conclusion, imaging the brain with HiRes US in small animal model like mouse is possible and convenient. Real-time guiding is possible to perform any intervention from tumor implantation to percutaneous therapeutic procedures. Ex vivo, HiRes US is extremely useful to study the detailed anatomical features. Figure 1. A schematic representation showing the details of various imaging modalities used in the animal experiment.
To investigate whether C-arm dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography (CT) performed during trans... more To investigate whether C-arm dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography (CT) performed during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with doxorubicin-eluting beads can help predict tumor response at 1-month follow-up in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
... Eleni Liapi, MD Ihab R. Kamel, MD, PhD The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Ra-di... more ... Eleni Liapi, MD Ihab R. Kamel, MD, PhD The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Ra-diological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins ... DW-MRI has several potential advantages over other methods (eg CT, PET and tissue biopsy) for the evaluation of tumour response to ...
ABSTRACT Watch a video presentation of this article Watch the interview with the author Answer qu... more ABSTRACT Watch a video presentation of this article Watch the interview with the author Answer questions and earn CME
Several questions remain unanswered, such as which is the best embolization agent, which is the b... more Several questions remain unanswered, such as which is the best embolization agent, which is the best chemotherapeutic drug, or how can we increase the intratumoral concentration of the drug. The lack of large prospective randomized trials and the current difficulty in conducting meta-analyses on hepatic oncology embolotherapy, along with the absence of effective systemic therapy for unresectable primary and metastatic
The pathophysiologic complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying hepatic cirrhosi... more The pathophysiologic complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying hepatic cirrhosis, make optimal treatment choice a clinical challenge. The radical change in the treatment algorithm of patients with advanced unresectable HCC over the past 7 years, with the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents in patients with only preserved liver function reflect this challenge. Even though data from studies on the combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and anti-angiogenic agents demonstrate a survival advantage in selected patients, this combination is not straightforward. In this review, we'll examine current data of administering anti-angiogenic therapy in combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and critically evaluate the progress and gaps in current knowledge.
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2007
Transarterial chemoembolization is the mainstay of catheter based interventional oncologic therap... more Transarterial chemoembolization is the mainstay of catheter based interventional oncologic therapies. This article describes the history of the procedure, selection of appropriate candidates, technical aspects of procedure performance, results, complications, and appropriate follow-up. In addition, the limitations and challenges of the procedure are outlined. Finally, the reader is introduced to novel and promising techniques and devices that hold future promise for transarterial therapy of malignancies.
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2007
Chemoembolization with drug-eluting particles has been recently introduced in the field of interv... more Chemoembolization with drug-eluting particles has been recently introduced in the field of interventional oncology. In this review, we will describe the pharmacokinetic properties and efficacy of all commercially available or under investigation drug-eluting particles and discuss the potentials and future of this new form of transcatheter arterial therapy for liver cancer.
Therapeutic embolization is defined as the voluntary occlusion of one or several vessels, and thi... more Therapeutic embolization is defined as the voluntary occlusion of one or several vessels, and this is achieved by inserting material into the lumen to obtain transient or permanent thrombosis in the downstream vascular bed. There are a number of indications for this approach in urological practice, in particular for the patients with parenchymatous or vascular kidney disease. In this review, we present the different embolization techniques and the principally employed occluding agents, and then we present the principal clinical indications and we discuss other pathologies that may benefit from this non-invasive therapy. The complications, side effects and main precautions associated with this approach are also described.
The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound... more The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of imaging mouse brain with high resolution ultrasound (HiRes US), and generation of mouse brain tumor (glioma) model under HiRes US guided implantation of glioma cells. Normal mouse brain was imaged with 30 MHz HiRes US in six pups and ten adult nude mice. Glioma model was developed by injecting human glioma cells (5 × 10 5 ), U-87MG-luc, under HiRes US guidance, in three pups and five adult mice. Bioluminescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and HiRes US were used for in vivo tumor imaging. In addition, brain imaging ex vivo with HiRes US were also performed in three tumor bearing and five normal brains. The brain parenchyma was seen as a homogeneous low echo on HiRes US without locoregional echo differences. An inverted U shaped linear echo structure (fissure) differentiated the telencephalon from the diencephalon. Bilaterally budding structure at the base of the skull represented the trigeminal nerve. The inserted needle, used to implant the glioma cells, was seen as a high linear echogenic reflection. Brain tumor on ex vivo HiRes US was well demarcated, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to the surrounding healthy brain. In conclusion, imaging the brain with HiRes US in small animal model like mouse is possible and convenient. Real-time guiding is possible to perform any intervention from tumor implantation to percutaneous therapeutic procedures. Ex vivo, HiRes US is extremely useful to study the detailed anatomical features. Figure 1. A schematic representation showing the details of various imaging modalities used in the animal experiment.
To investigate whether C-arm dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography (CT) performed during trans... more To investigate whether C-arm dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography (CT) performed during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with doxorubicin-eluting beads can help predict tumor response at 1-month follow-up in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
... Eleni Liapi, MD Ihab R. Kamel, MD, PhD The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Ra-di... more ... Eleni Liapi, MD Ihab R. Kamel, MD, PhD The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Ra-diological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins ... DW-MRI has several potential advantages over other methods (eg CT, PET and tissue biopsy) for the evaluation of tumour response to ...
ABSTRACT Watch a video presentation of this article Watch the interview with the author Answer qu... more ABSTRACT Watch a video presentation of this article Watch the interview with the author Answer questions and earn CME
Several questions remain unanswered, such as which is the best embolization agent, which is the b... more Several questions remain unanswered, such as which is the best embolization agent, which is the best chemotherapeutic drug, or how can we increase the intratumoral concentration of the drug. The lack of large prospective randomized trials and the current difficulty in conducting meta-analyses on hepatic oncology embolotherapy, along with the absence of effective systemic therapy for unresectable primary and metastatic
The pathophysiologic complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying hepatic cirrhosi... more The pathophysiologic complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying hepatic cirrhosis, make optimal treatment choice a clinical challenge. The radical change in the treatment algorithm of patients with advanced unresectable HCC over the past 7 years, with the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents in patients with only preserved liver function reflect this challenge. Even though data from studies on the combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and anti-angiogenic agents demonstrate a survival advantage in selected patients, this combination is not straightforward. In this review, we'll examine current data of administering anti-angiogenic therapy in combination with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and critically evaluate the progress and gaps in current knowledge.
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2007
Transarterial chemoembolization is the mainstay of catheter based interventional oncologic therap... more Transarterial chemoembolization is the mainstay of catheter based interventional oncologic therapies. This article describes the history of the procedure, selection of appropriate candidates, technical aspects of procedure performance, results, complications, and appropriate follow-up. In addition, the limitations and challenges of the procedure are outlined. Finally, the reader is introduced to novel and promising techniques and devices that hold future promise for transarterial therapy of malignancies.
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 2007
Chemoembolization with drug-eluting particles has been recently introduced in the field of interv... more Chemoembolization with drug-eluting particles has been recently introduced in the field of interventional oncology. In this review, we will describe the pharmacokinetic properties and efficacy of all commercially available or under investigation drug-eluting particles and discuss the potentials and future of this new form of transcatheter arterial therapy for liver cancer.
Therapeutic embolization is defined as the voluntary occlusion of one or several vessels, and thi... more Therapeutic embolization is defined as the voluntary occlusion of one or several vessels, and this is achieved by inserting material into the lumen to obtain transient or permanent thrombosis in the downstream vascular bed. There are a number of indications for this approach in urological practice, in particular for the patients with parenchymatous or vascular kidney disease. In this review, we present the different embolization techniques and the principally employed occluding agents, and then we present the principal clinical indications and we discuss other pathologies that may benefit from this non-invasive therapy. The complications, side effects and main precautions associated with this approach are also described.
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