Resolving the phylogeny of fossil turtles is uniquely
challenging given the high potential for th... more Resolving the phylogeny of fossil turtles is uniquely challenging given the high potential for the unification of convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal reconstructions of turtle evolution and biogeographic or palaeo-climatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses and new images of the holotype reconstructions of fossil turtles are important for prehistoric turtle fossil remains. Here we describe the cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from the Quiriquina Formation of the Maastricht Ocean Horizon Chile, which was identified as a new genus and species of Baenidae (an extinct family of para-cryptodiran turtles) in 2002 by Karl and Tichy. The holotype is “SMF R 415”, a partially destroyed skull without a lower jaw, and with a unique cranial plane. This taxon belongs to Baenidae, an extinct freshwater family from the Cretaceous period in North America. This is the first baenid fossil found outside of North America, and we re-describe and reconstruct it with new photographs and illustrations of the cranial anatomy of this material (Holotype).
Veröffentlichungen zur brandenburgischen Landesarchäologie, 2024
Two Moor cattle skulls dated to the Middle
Ages or the 13th/14th century are described
and discus... more Two Moor cattle skulls dated to the Middle Ages or the 13th/14th century are described and discussed. These are typical examples of the short-horned cattle or brachycerus type. Unlike comparable finds from the Neolithic, which were roughly hewn, these Lower Lusatian bucrania show precise, meticulous craftsmanship. Despite their different horn shapes, when compared using the osteometric relationship diagram, the two Luckau skulls fall within the average range for European cattle and are especially representative of historical Brandenburg Moor cattle.
International journal of biological research, Nov 30, 2023
Crocodiles are a conservative group of reptiles regarding their morphology and behaviour. Availab... more Crocodiles are a conservative group of reptiles regarding their morphology and behaviour. Available Fossils are hence important to be studied for phylogeny, taxonomy and morphology. A fossil fragmentary crocodilian skull was found in lignite clay in the Paleogene sedimentary area from the Middle Oligocene Epoch of Sieglitz near Camburg at Saale river in Central Germany. This 20th century discovery documents a new species of Diplocynodon (Diplocynodon Haeckeli, described by Seidlitz in 1917). Another crocodile fossil was unearthed in 1878 from the Eocene Epoch, of Haunsberg near Sankt Pankraz in the province of Salzburg in Austria, which had been missing since 1970 and was recently rediscovered and identified. This rediscovered specimen, representing a crocodile mandible and an isolated tooth, which could belong to Asiatosuchus and not Diplocynodon. However, the morphology of isolated tooth is not a reliable source to identify it up to the generic level, so open taxonomy is used here for identification, it may be associated to the same or a new species. The new discoveries of fossils provide new characters enhancing our knowledge on a particular taxon and on the whole group.
Review of fossil records of prehistoric reptiles, their distribution, and paleobiogeographic evol... more Review of fossil records of prehistoric reptiles, their distribution, and paleobiogeographic evolution in Pakistan, Scientific Reports in Life Sciences 5(3),
In every part of, human beings have experienced uncomfortable courting with serpent. Serpents are... more In every part of, human beings have experienced uncomfortable courting with serpent. Serpents are reptiles that bewitch a lot of person and frighten else, for better or for worse. Almost all person have powerful affections towards serpent, even so not many carry on impartial. Nearly all interactivity between humans and snakes has resulted in the snake's destruction caused by humans' incapacity to capacity fright and nervousness. The non selective homicide of serpent to protect people’sprotection has extremely made less the populations of numerous serpent types to extinction levels. However, the aim is to study snake-human interactions in Karachi's Port Qasim industrial area. Urban residents of Karachi need to be educated about snake behavior, toxic and non-toxic verity in the locality, as well as the environmentally and medicinal value of serpents.
International journal of biological research, May 27, 2024
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes oth... more Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes other animals. Mandibular abscess is a localized, chronic, progressive granulomatous abscess that often involves the mandible, maxilla, or other bones of the head. When an infection occurs, byproducts of the infection begin to break down bones. This article aims to determine the possibility of disease in the medieval bones of these animals, to identify and analyze their macro-structural features and their diagnostic potential value in the archaeological skeletal material of studied animals. This late medieval (13th-14th century) document was found in Wysburg, near Weisbach in the Saale-Holzland-County in the central German state of Thuringia. Macroscopic and histopathological examination of the bone revealed a lesion in the lower jaw, suggesting that it may result from actinomycosis (Mostly in the jaw). Descriptions of jaw bones are rare in the paleo-pathological literature. Analysis is limited by the absence of other anatomical elements of the affected animals, which affects the interpretation of the paleo-pathological skeleton. For further research, it is recommended that similar studies be conducted on better-preserved animals.
International journal of biological research, Apr 5, 2024
The current study enlightens the comprehensive picture, relative population status, and species d... more The current study enlightens the comprehensive picture, relative population status, and species diversity of lizard fauna in the lower Dir district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. This study was designed to collect the data and record/investigate the population status and the diversity of lizard species from six different tehsils (Towns) in this district. We used the latest keys for identification of the collected and observed specimens. A total of 288 specimens of Lizards were examined, the collected specimens belonged to 6 families, 11 genera, and 14 species. The most abundant and observed species was H. brookii and the most abundant and observed family was Gekkonidae in this area during the current study. In this study, we have identified a new species of the genus Cyratopodion, and we will publish it after a thorough investigation in near future. The present study provides a baseline for future extensive studies on lizard habitat analysis, population dynamics, systematics, and phylogeny for incoming researchers and experts of herpetology.
International journal of biological research, Feb 5, 2024
Spiders are invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, class Arachnida, and order Araneae.... more Spiders are invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, class Arachnida, and order Araneae. Arachnids are one among the largest and most diverse groups, with 129 families, 4234 genera and 49,773 species. Spiders are carnivorous and polyphagous in nature. They are most effective against pests. This study was carried out to examine the arachnoid fauna status and diversity in Talash Valley, Lower Dir district of KPK. Spiders were collected from different parts of the study area. The surveyed period wss from April to July 2022 and was done by hand picking and beet crushing method. Most spiders are collected by hand. The collected samples were then stored in 70% ethanol solution. Spiders are identified with the help of available information. A total of 10 families were identified. These are Salticidae, Lycosidae, Sparassidae, Pholcidae, Hersilidae, Gnaphosidae, Oxyopidae, Araneidae, Scytodidae and Therididae. The dominant families in this study are salicidae with three species, lycosidae and sparassidae with two species each, and seven other families with one species each.
International journal of biological research, Nov 30, 2023
Nazca is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. The name is derived from the... more Nazca is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. The name is derived from the Nazca culture, which flourished in the area between 100 BC and 800 AD. Nazca Lines contain over 800 straight lines, 300 geometric figures and 70 biomorphic designs. Some of the straight lines are 30 miles long, while the largest bio morphs stretch up to 1200 feet. Among the zoomorphic figures are the famous Nazca condor, hummingbird, pelican, shark, bird, fish, spider, lizard, parrot, flamingo, iguana, dog, llamas, jaguar, fox, whale and monkey. We have identified a studied figure of Nazca Pampas as a species of umbrella birds (Cephalopterus) and this geoglyph has more resemblances with the short-lobed parasol (Cephalopterus ornatus) than any other species.
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, Oct 1, 2014
In the present study 391 fish samples (155 male and 236 female) of Pomadasys stridens of variable... more In the present study 391 fish samples (155 male and 236 female) of Pomadasys stridens of variable sizes ranging from 3.5-106 g weight in male; 14-130g weight in female and 56-198 mm in total length(TL) in male while 99-210 mm (TL) in female were sampled from Karachi coast during January 2001 to April 2002. The length-weight relationships (LWR) and condition factors of striped piggy fish were studied. The estimated length-weight relationships for 155 males and 236 females were: Male; Log Wt =-4.25 + 2.73 Log TL, Female; Log Wt =-4.46 + 2.82 Log TL, The low 'K' values at 130-139 mm TL group and onward in both sexes showed that both sexes mature at the same sizes. The correlation between condition factor 'K' and the total length were observed not to increase prominently with the length. The small fluctuations in either 'K' or 'Kn' values during the different months and at different length group intervals appeared to be not so significant which may be associated with physiological activities and building of fat prior to maturation.
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes oth... more Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes other animals. Mandibular abscess is a localized, chronic, progressive granulomatous abscess that often involves the mandible, maxilla, or other bones of the head. When an infection occurs, byproducts of the infection begin to break down bones. This article aims to determine the possibility of disease in the medieval bones of these animals, to identify and analyze their macro-structural features and their diagnostic potential value in the archaeological skeletal material of studied animals. This late medieval (13th-14th century) document was found in Wysburg, near Weisbach in the Saale-Holzland-County in the central German state of Thuringia. Macroscopic and histopathological examination of the bone revealed a lesion in the lower jaw, suggesting that it may result from actinomycosis (Mostly in the jaw). Descriptions of jaw bones are rare in the paleo-pathological literature. Analysis is limited by the absence of other anatomical elements of the affected animals, which affects the interpretation of the paleo-pathological skeleton. For further research, it is recommended that similar studies be conducted on better-preserved animals.
Switzerland is home to many archaeological sites in Central Europe, many of which are found in we... more Switzerland is home to many archaeological sites in Central Europe, many of which are found in wetlands, resulting in well-preserved macrofauna that can be labeled with precision using dendrochronology. This region is important for our knowledge of the spread of culture and innovation through Central Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, its topography results in a natural corridor through which influences traveled from both the East and West. Cattle were the most common livestock in central Europe since the Neolithic Age. The historical records of the past are well preserved in the Lake Murten sediments. Although Pile dwellers populated the region for several thousand years, the Celtic-Latians and Romans left the first traces in the sedimentary record, starting in 400 BCE. This study is the first to combine and focus on NISP% (Number of Identified Specimens) and biometric data to investigate how cattle farming began in the region and how it has changed over time. We have studied and identified an unprecedented wealth of evidence in the form of bones and horns of early livestock and some wild animals from the prehistoric records of pile-dwelling settlements from the Neolithic to Bronze Age from the Loewenberg in Lake Murten, Switzerland, which was recorded in the 19th century and is presented in this article. The recorded number of individual bones fell in percentage as follows; the domestic dog with (20%), followed by the domestic cattle with (14%), sheep/goats, red deer, roe deer, and brown bear each provide (12%). Domestic pigs (9%), domestic horses (6%), and the lynx (3%) were recorded.
International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 2014
The aim of this study was to translate the Disagreement and Aggression in the Operating Theatre S... more The aim of this study was to translate the Disagreement and Aggression in the Operating Theatre Scale (DAOTS) into Greek and investigate the frequency of perceived conflicts, the sources of disagreement and the suggested methods of coping with them within and among professional groups in operating theatres in Greece. The results of this study support the reliability and validity of the DAOTS. The majority of the respondents had witnessed episodes of aggressive behaviour and/or disagreement during the last six months. Physicians more frequently revealed an aggressive behaviour towards a colleague, while nurses were found to be witnesses of a conflict between different professional teams. Daily/weekly disagreements among respondents about availability of equipment, theatre time, changes in the list order and availability of surgical staff were reported. Additionally, hospital type and years of professional experience are considered to affect the prevalence of exposure to a disagreement.
Globally, population of marine turtles has been affecting due to an array of some natural and ant... more Globally, population of marine turtles has been affecting due to an array of some natural and anthropogenic threats. Seven marine turtle species viz. Hawksbill, Olive ridley, Kemp's ridley, Loggerhead, Leatherback, Flatback and Green turtle have been distributed throughout the world. Six species spend life in Indian Ocean South East Asian region except Kemp's ridley, found in Gulf of Mexico. Nesting of Olive ridley is largely reported in mainland of Indian coastal areas, while Hawksbill in Iran; Islands of Persian Gulf and Oman coast. Pakistan coast provides nesting sites to Green turtle, however Hawksbill and Olive ridley have not been reported since 2003 and 2004 respectively. Loggerhead and Leatherback were reported by fishermen in rookeries but further study is required to identify these species in Pakistan. Currently, Olive ridley nesting is not reported in Karachi coast. Bycatch and gill netting are common threats to marine turtles. Disturbance due to tourism is another issue needs to be addressed. Habitat alteration, harvesting of eggs, pollution, development and anthropogenic activities cause non-nesting behaviour in some marine turtle species previously reported for nesting. Climate change impact on nesting is not drastic but sex ratio is affected. National and international laws have been playing significant role for the conservation of marine turtle species. Research studies about marine turtle has relatively been advanced in Thailand, India, Malaysia and Sultanate of Oman among Asian countries, meanwhile regular monitoring program to provide accurate population trends throughout nesting points but has not been conducted in many countries. IUCN and WWF have also been playing important role in conservation of marine turtles in our region.
During routine dissection in the department of Anatomy, Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College,P... more During routine dissection in the department of Anatomy, Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College,Pimpri, Pune,variation of brachial artery was found. It was labeled as superficial brachial artery as it was arising from third part of axillary artery and was superficial to nerves and vessels of axilla .This superficial brachial artery was dividing into Radial and Ulnar arteries. Also Common trunk for Subscapular and Anterior circumflex scapular arteries was seen arising from axillary artery. Its embryological basis is also discussed along with details of observations.
Fossil remains of turtles were discovered in various localities of Lower to Upper Miocene within ... more Fossil remains of turtles were discovered in various localities of Lower to Upper Miocene within the western part of Turkey. We revised the taxonomic position and describe the systematic paleontology, distribution, phylogeny and palaeo-environments of two Neogene taxa Titanochelon kayadibiensis sp. nov. and Protestudo bessarabica (Testudinidae) of Western Turkey and give an updated list of fossil turtles of Turkey which include Trionyx triunguis (Forskal, 1775), Mauremys aristotelica Vlachos et al, 2019, Testudo marmorum Gaudry, 1862, Protestudo bessarabica Riabinin, 1918 and Titanochelon kayadibiensis sp.nov.
The San Marcos River arises in a series of springs in Hays County, Texas. This is the second larg... more The San Marcos River arises in a series of springs in Hays County, Texas. This is the second largest and important spring system in Texas, which has more environmental stability and a diverse known biotic diversity of any other ecosystems in the southwestern United States of America. The upper San Marcos River contains a relatively larger number of protected biota, including the vertebrate fauna like San Marcos salamander ( Eurycea nana ) and the fountain darter ( Etheostoma fonticola ). Many environmental hazards are increasing day by day due to human’s development and groundwater extraction. This area receives a great deal of conservation efforts to protect/ enhance habitats, protect biodiversity and ecological condition of the river but still much more priority actions are needed.
In morphometry of Pomadasys maculatus, the total length was recorded as 79 mm to 220 mm while mea... more In morphometry of Pomadasys maculatus, the total length was recorded as 79 mm to 220 mm while mean total length was 162.72 mm in male, whereas total body length in female recorded as 82 mm to 219 mm while mean total length was 173.36. Mean body weight in male was 69.88g, while mean body weight in female was 84.52g. Mean value of Head length in percentage of total body length was found to be 25.32 and snout length was found to be 7.92, Mean value of eye diameter was found as 7.51 and mean value of caudal peduncle length was recorded as 10.07 in male. In female specimens the mean value of Head length in percentage of total body length was found to be 25.87 and snout length was found to be 8.26, mean eye diameter was found as 7.94 and mean value of caudal peduncle length was recorded as 10.49. The meristic characters like dorsal fin rays, anal fin rays, Lateral line scales, gill rakers on lower arm and scales in transversal line were counted. No sexual dimorphism was found in Pomadasys...
The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal development and fecundity of saddle grunt f... more The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal development and fecundity of saddle grunt fish, Pomadasys maculatum (Block, 1793) of the Karachi coast were investigated. Pomadasys maculatum had a sex ratio of 1: 1.36 (male to female). The difference in sex ratio was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from the expected theoretically 1: 1 distribution except June, September and December. Gonadosomatic index value in males during August – November were 3.109 to 5.630, while in females the high values during August – December were found to be 3.542 to 6.679, which suggested the spawning period. The highest GSI value in males was 5.967 in stage VI and the lowest GSI value was 1.256 recorded during VII stage. GSI values in males increased slowly reaching for maximum in 5.967 in (stage VI), while in females at high value was 6.630 during stage VI and the lowest GSI values were 1.625 and 1.124 during stages I & II respectively. Seven stages of gonadal development were observed ...
ABSTRACT In the present work, studies on the distribution and status of freshwater turtles were c... more ABSTRACT In the present work, studies on the distribution and status of freshwater turtles were conducted in Charsadda, Peshawar, Nowshera and Dera Ismail Khan Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, and Thatta, Badin, Sanghar and Sukkur districts of Sindh province. Eight species-Lissemys punctata, Pangshura smithii, Pangshura tectum, Chitra indica, Nilssonia gangeticus, Nilssonia hurum, Hardella thurjii, and Geoclemys hamiltonii were recorded. In Sindh, Geoclemys hamiltonii was recorded as rare in Badin, Sanghar and Sukkur districts, while other species were abundant, common or uncommon. Pangshura tectum was recorded only from Sukkur district while Chitra indica was recorded in all the four selected districts of Sindh. Geoclemys hamiltonii was recorded only in D.I. Khan district of KPK. Lissemys punctata was the most abundant and most widely distributed species in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Population of freshwater turtles in Sindh is much higher than that in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Currently, due to habitat destruction, eutrophication, agricultural farming and other anthropogenic activities, population of Geoclemys hamiltonii has also decreased in Sindh.
Resolving the phylogeny of fossil turtles is uniquely
challenging given the high potential for th... more Resolving the phylogeny of fossil turtles is uniquely challenging given the high potential for the unification of convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal reconstructions of turtle evolution and biogeographic or palaeo-climatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses and new images of the holotype reconstructions of fossil turtles are important for prehistoric turtle fossil remains. Here we describe the cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from the Quiriquina Formation of the Maastricht Ocean Horizon Chile, which was identified as a new genus and species of Baenidae (an extinct family of para-cryptodiran turtles) in 2002 by Karl and Tichy. The holotype is “SMF R 415”, a partially destroyed skull without a lower jaw, and with a unique cranial plane. This taxon belongs to Baenidae, an extinct freshwater family from the Cretaceous period in North America. This is the first baenid fossil found outside of North America, and we re-describe and reconstruct it with new photographs and illustrations of the cranial anatomy of this material (Holotype).
Veröffentlichungen zur brandenburgischen Landesarchäologie, 2024
Two Moor cattle skulls dated to the Middle
Ages or the 13th/14th century are described
and discus... more Two Moor cattle skulls dated to the Middle Ages or the 13th/14th century are described and discussed. These are typical examples of the short-horned cattle or brachycerus type. Unlike comparable finds from the Neolithic, which were roughly hewn, these Lower Lusatian bucrania show precise, meticulous craftsmanship. Despite their different horn shapes, when compared using the osteometric relationship diagram, the two Luckau skulls fall within the average range for European cattle and are especially representative of historical Brandenburg Moor cattle.
International journal of biological research, Nov 30, 2023
Crocodiles are a conservative group of reptiles regarding their morphology and behaviour. Availab... more Crocodiles are a conservative group of reptiles regarding their morphology and behaviour. Available Fossils are hence important to be studied for phylogeny, taxonomy and morphology. A fossil fragmentary crocodilian skull was found in lignite clay in the Paleogene sedimentary area from the Middle Oligocene Epoch of Sieglitz near Camburg at Saale river in Central Germany. This 20th century discovery documents a new species of Diplocynodon (Diplocynodon Haeckeli, described by Seidlitz in 1917). Another crocodile fossil was unearthed in 1878 from the Eocene Epoch, of Haunsberg near Sankt Pankraz in the province of Salzburg in Austria, which had been missing since 1970 and was recently rediscovered and identified. This rediscovered specimen, representing a crocodile mandible and an isolated tooth, which could belong to Asiatosuchus and not Diplocynodon. However, the morphology of isolated tooth is not a reliable source to identify it up to the generic level, so open taxonomy is used here for identification, it may be associated to the same or a new species. The new discoveries of fossils provide new characters enhancing our knowledge on a particular taxon and on the whole group.
Review of fossil records of prehistoric reptiles, their distribution, and paleobiogeographic evol... more Review of fossil records of prehistoric reptiles, their distribution, and paleobiogeographic evolution in Pakistan, Scientific Reports in Life Sciences 5(3),
In every part of, human beings have experienced uncomfortable courting with serpent. Serpents are... more In every part of, human beings have experienced uncomfortable courting with serpent. Serpents are reptiles that bewitch a lot of person and frighten else, for better or for worse. Almost all person have powerful affections towards serpent, even so not many carry on impartial. Nearly all interactivity between humans and snakes has resulted in the snake's destruction caused by humans' incapacity to capacity fright and nervousness. The non selective homicide of serpent to protect people’sprotection has extremely made less the populations of numerous serpent types to extinction levels. However, the aim is to study snake-human interactions in Karachi's Port Qasim industrial area. Urban residents of Karachi need to be educated about snake behavior, toxic and non-toxic verity in the locality, as well as the environmentally and medicinal value of serpents.
International journal of biological research, May 27, 2024
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes oth... more Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes other animals. Mandibular abscess is a localized, chronic, progressive granulomatous abscess that often involves the mandible, maxilla, or other bones of the head. When an infection occurs, byproducts of the infection begin to break down bones. This article aims to determine the possibility of disease in the medieval bones of these animals, to identify and analyze their macro-structural features and their diagnostic potential value in the archaeological skeletal material of studied animals. This late medieval (13th-14th century) document was found in Wysburg, near Weisbach in the Saale-Holzland-County in the central German state of Thuringia. Macroscopic and histopathological examination of the bone revealed a lesion in the lower jaw, suggesting that it may result from actinomycosis (Mostly in the jaw). Descriptions of jaw bones are rare in the paleo-pathological literature. Analysis is limited by the absence of other anatomical elements of the affected animals, which affects the interpretation of the paleo-pathological skeleton. For further research, it is recommended that similar studies be conducted on better-preserved animals.
International journal of biological research, Apr 5, 2024
The current study enlightens the comprehensive picture, relative population status, and species d... more The current study enlightens the comprehensive picture, relative population status, and species diversity of lizard fauna in the lower Dir district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. This study was designed to collect the data and record/investigate the population status and the diversity of lizard species from six different tehsils (Towns) in this district. We used the latest keys for identification of the collected and observed specimens. A total of 288 specimens of Lizards were examined, the collected specimens belonged to 6 families, 11 genera, and 14 species. The most abundant and observed species was H. brookii and the most abundant and observed family was Gekkonidae in this area during the current study. In this study, we have identified a new species of the genus Cyratopodion, and we will publish it after a thorough investigation in near future. The present study provides a baseline for future extensive studies on lizard habitat analysis, population dynamics, systematics, and phylogeny for incoming researchers and experts of herpetology.
International journal of biological research, Feb 5, 2024
Spiders are invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, class Arachnida, and order Araneae.... more Spiders are invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, class Arachnida, and order Araneae. Arachnids are one among the largest and most diverse groups, with 129 families, 4234 genera and 49,773 species. Spiders are carnivorous and polyphagous in nature. They are most effective against pests. This study was carried out to examine the arachnoid fauna status and diversity in Talash Valley, Lower Dir district of KPK. Spiders were collected from different parts of the study area. The surveyed period wss from April to July 2022 and was done by hand picking and beet crushing method. Most spiders are collected by hand. The collected samples were then stored in 70% ethanol solution. Spiders are identified with the help of available information. A total of 10 families were identified. These are Salticidae, Lycosidae, Sparassidae, Pholcidae, Hersilidae, Gnaphosidae, Oxyopidae, Araneidae, Scytodidae and Therididae. The dominant families in this study are salicidae with three species, lycosidae and sparassidae with two species each, and seven other families with one species each.
International journal of biological research, Nov 30, 2023
Nazca is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. The name is derived from the... more Nazca is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. The name is derived from the Nazca culture, which flourished in the area between 100 BC and 800 AD. Nazca Lines contain over 800 straight lines, 300 geometric figures and 70 biomorphic designs. Some of the straight lines are 30 miles long, while the largest bio morphs stretch up to 1200 feet. Among the zoomorphic figures are the famous Nazca condor, hummingbird, pelican, shark, bird, fish, spider, lizard, parrot, flamingo, iguana, dog, llamas, jaguar, fox, whale and monkey. We have identified a studied figure of Nazca Pampas as a species of umbrella birds (Cephalopterus) and this geoglyph has more resemblances with the short-lobed parasol (Cephalopterus ornatus) than any other species.
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, Oct 1, 2014
In the present study 391 fish samples (155 male and 236 female) of Pomadasys stridens of variable... more In the present study 391 fish samples (155 male and 236 female) of Pomadasys stridens of variable sizes ranging from 3.5-106 g weight in male; 14-130g weight in female and 56-198 mm in total length(TL) in male while 99-210 mm (TL) in female were sampled from Karachi coast during January 2001 to April 2002. The length-weight relationships (LWR) and condition factors of striped piggy fish were studied. The estimated length-weight relationships for 155 males and 236 females were: Male; Log Wt =-4.25 + 2.73 Log TL, Female; Log Wt =-4.46 + 2.82 Log TL, The low 'K' values at 130-139 mm TL group and onward in both sexes showed that both sexes mature at the same sizes. The correlation between condition factor 'K' and the total length were observed not to increase prominently with the length. The small fluctuations in either 'K' or 'Kn' values during the different months and at different length group intervals appeared to be not so significant which may be associated with physiological activities and building of fat prior to maturation.
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes oth... more Actinomycetes are Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that cause disease in cattle and sometimes other animals. Mandibular abscess is a localized, chronic, progressive granulomatous abscess that often involves the mandible, maxilla, or other bones of the head. When an infection occurs, byproducts of the infection begin to break down bones. This article aims to determine the possibility of disease in the medieval bones of these animals, to identify and analyze their macro-structural features and their diagnostic potential value in the archaeological skeletal material of studied animals. This late medieval (13th-14th century) document was found in Wysburg, near Weisbach in the Saale-Holzland-County in the central German state of Thuringia. Macroscopic and histopathological examination of the bone revealed a lesion in the lower jaw, suggesting that it may result from actinomycosis (Mostly in the jaw). Descriptions of jaw bones are rare in the paleo-pathological literature. Analysis is limited by the absence of other anatomical elements of the affected animals, which affects the interpretation of the paleo-pathological skeleton. For further research, it is recommended that similar studies be conducted on better-preserved animals.
Switzerland is home to many archaeological sites in Central Europe, many of which are found in we... more Switzerland is home to many archaeological sites in Central Europe, many of which are found in wetlands, resulting in well-preserved macrofauna that can be labeled with precision using dendrochronology. This region is important for our knowledge of the spread of culture and innovation through Central Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, its topography results in a natural corridor through which influences traveled from both the East and West. Cattle were the most common livestock in central Europe since the Neolithic Age. The historical records of the past are well preserved in the Lake Murten sediments. Although Pile dwellers populated the region for several thousand years, the Celtic-Latians and Romans left the first traces in the sedimentary record, starting in 400 BCE. This study is the first to combine and focus on NISP% (Number of Identified Specimens) and biometric data to investigate how cattle farming began in the region and how it has changed over time. We have studied and identified an unprecedented wealth of evidence in the form of bones and horns of early livestock and some wild animals from the prehistoric records of pile-dwelling settlements from the Neolithic to Bronze Age from the Loewenberg in Lake Murten, Switzerland, which was recorded in the 19th century and is presented in this article. The recorded number of individual bones fell in percentage as follows; the domestic dog with (20%), followed by the domestic cattle with (14%), sheep/goats, red deer, roe deer, and brown bear each provide (12%). Domestic pigs (9%), domestic horses (6%), and the lynx (3%) were recorded.
International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 2014
The aim of this study was to translate the Disagreement and Aggression in the Operating Theatre S... more The aim of this study was to translate the Disagreement and Aggression in the Operating Theatre Scale (DAOTS) into Greek and investigate the frequency of perceived conflicts, the sources of disagreement and the suggested methods of coping with them within and among professional groups in operating theatres in Greece. The results of this study support the reliability and validity of the DAOTS. The majority of the respondents had witnessed episodes of aggressive behaviour and/or disagreement during the last six months. Physicians more frequently revealed an aggressive behaviour towards a colleague, while nurses were found to be witnesses of a conflict between different professional teams. Daily/weekly disagreements among respondents about availability of equipment, theatre time, changes in the list order and availability of surgical staff were reported. Additionally, hospital type and years of professional experience are considered to affect the prevalence of exposure to a disagreement.
Globally, population of marine turtles has been affecting due to an array of some natural and ant... more Globally, population of marine turtles has been affecting due to an array of some natural and anthropogenic threats. Seven marine turtle species viz. Hawksbill, Olive ridley, Kemp's ridley, Loggerhead, Leatherback, Flatback and Green turtle have been distributed throughout the world. Six species spend life in Indian Ocean South East Asian region except Kemp's ridley, found in Gulf of Mexico. Nesting of Olive ridley is largely reported in mainland of Indian coastal areas, while Hawksbill in Iran; Islands of Persian Gulf and Oman coast. Pakistan coast provides nesting sites to Green turtle, however Hawksbill and Olive ridley have not been reported since 2003 and 2004 respectively. Loggerhead and Leatherback were reported by fishermen in rookeries but further study is required to identify these species in Pakistan. Currently, Olive ridley nesting is not reported in Karachi coast. Bycatch and gill netting are common threats to marine turtles. Disturbance due to tourism is another issue needs to be addressed. Habitat alteration, harvesting of eggs, pollution, development and anthropogenic activities cause non-nesting behaviour in some marine turtle species previously reported for nesting. Climate change impact on nesting is not drastic but sex ratio is affected. National and international laws have been playing significant role for the conservation of marine turtle species. Research studies about marine turtle has relatively been advanced in Thailand, India, Malaysia and Sultanate of Oman among Asian countries, meanwhile regular monitoring program to provide accurate population trends throughout nesting points but has not been conducted in many countries. IUCN and WWF have also been playing important role in conservation of marine turtles in our region.
During routine dissection in the department of Anatomy, Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College,P... more During routine dissection in the department of Anatomy, Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical College,Pimpri, Pune,variation of brachial artery was found. It was labeled as superficial brachial artery as it was arising from third part of axillary artery and was superficial to nerves and vessels of axilla .This superficial brachial artery was dividing into Radial and Ulnar arteries. Also Common trunk for Subscapular and Anterior circumflex scapular arteries was seen arising from axillary artery. Its embryological basis is also discussed along with details of observations.
Fossil remains of turtles were discovered in various localities of Lower to Upper Miocene within ... more Fossil remains of turtles were discovered in various localities of Lower to Upper Miocene within the western part of Turkey. We revised the taxonomic position and describe the systematic paleontology, distribution, phylogeny and palaeo-environments of two Neogene taxa Titanochelon kayadibiensis sp. nov. and Protestudo bessarabica (Testudinidae) of Western Turkey and give an updated list of fossil turtles of Turkey which include Trionyx triunguis (Forskal, 1775), Mauremys aristotelica Vlachos et al, 2019, Testudo marmorum Gaudry, 1862, Protestudo bessarabica Riabinin, 1918 and Titanochelon kayadibiensis sp.nov.
The San Marcos River arises in a series of springs in Hays County, Texas. This is the second larg... more The San Marcos River arises in a series of springs in Hays County, Texas. This is the second largest and important spring system in Texas, which has more environmental stability and a diverse known biotic diversity of any other ecosystems in the southwestern United States of America. The upper San Marcos River contains a relatively larger number of protected biota, including the vertebrate fauna like San Marcos salamander ( Eurycea nana ) and the fountain darter ( Etheostoma fonticola ). Many environmental hazards are increasing day by day due to human’s development and groundwater extraction. This area receives a great deal of conservation efforts to protect/ enhance habitats, protect biodiversity and ecological condition of the river but still much more priority actions are needed.
In morphometry of Pomadasys maculatus, the total length was recorded as 79 mm to 220 mm while mea... more In morphometry of Pomadasys maculatus, the total length was recorded as 79 mm to 220 mm while mean total length was 162.72 mm in male, whereas total body length in female recorded as 82 mm to 219 mm while mean total length was 173.36. Mean body weight in male was 69.88g, while mean body weight in female was 84.52g. Mean value of Head length in percentage of total body length was found to be 25.32 and snout length was found to be 7.92, Mean value of eye diameter was found as 7.51 and mean value of caudal peduncle length was recorded as 10.07 in male. In female specimens the mean value of Head length in percentage of total body length was found to be 25.87 and snout length was found to be 8.26, mean eye diameter was found as 7.94 and mean value of caudal peduncle length was recorded as 10.49. The meristic characters like dorsal fin rays, anal fin rays, Lateral line scales, gill rakers on lower arm and scales in transversal line were counted. No sexual dimorphism was found in Pomadasys...
The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal development and fecundity of saddle grunt f... more The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal development and fecundity of saddle grunt fish, Pomadasys maculatum (Block, 1793) of the Karachi coast were investigated. Pomadasys maculatum had a sex ratio of 1: 1.36 (male to female). The difference in sex ratio was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from the expected theoretically 1: 1 distribution except June, September and December. Gonadosomatic index value in males during August – November were 3.109 to 5.630, while in females the high values during August – December were found to be 3.542 to 6.679, which suggested the spawning period. The highest GSI value in males was 5.967 in stage VI and the lowest GSI value was 1.256 recorded during VII stage. GSI values in males increased slowly reaching for maximum in 5.967 in (stage VI), while in females at high value was 6.630 during stage VI and the lowest GSI values were 1.625 and 1.124 during stages I & II respectively. Seven stages of gonadal development were observed ...
ABSTRACT In the present work, studies on the distribution and status of freshwater turtles were c... more ABSTRACT In the present work, studies on the distribution and status of freshwater turtles were conducted in Charsadda, Peshawar, Nowshera and Dera Ismail Khan Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, and Thatta, Badin, Sanghar and Sukkur districts of Sindh province. Eight species-Lissemys punctata, Pangshura smithii, Pangshura tectum, Chitra indica, Nilssonia gangeticus, Nilssonia hurum, Hardella thurjii, and Geoclemys hamiltonii were recorded. In Sindh, Geoclemys hamiltonii was recorded as rare in Badin, Sanghar and Sukkur districts, while other species were abundant, common or uncommon. Pangshura tectum was recorded only from Sukkur district while Chitra indica was recorded in all the four selected districts of Sindh. Geoclemys hamiltonii was recorded only in D.I. Khan district of KPK. Lissemys punctata was the most abundant and most widely distributed species in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Population of freshwater turtles in Sindh is much higher than that in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Currently, due to habitat destruction, eutrophication, agricultural farming and other anthropogenic activities, population of Geoclemys hamiltonii has also decreased in Sindh.
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Papers by Amtyaz Safi
challenging given the high potential for the unification of
convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal
reconstructions of turtle evolution and biogeographic or
palaeo-climatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses and
new images of the holotype reconstructions of fossil turtles
are important for prehistoric turtle fossil remains. Here we
describe the cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction
of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from
the Quiriquina Formation of the Maastricht Ocean Horizon
Chile, which was identified as a new genus and species of
Baenidae (an extinct family of para-cryptodiran turtles) in
2002 by Karl and Tichy. The holotype is “SMF R 415”, a
partially destroyed skull without a lower jaw, and with a
unique cranial plane. This taxon belongs to Baenidae, an
extinct freshwater family from the Cretaceous period in
North America. This is the first baenid fossil found outside
of North America, and we re-describe and reconstruct it with
new photographs and illustrations of the cranial anatomy of
this material (Holotype).
Ages or the 13th/14th century are described
and discussed. These are typical examples of
the short-horned cattle or brachycerus type.
Unlike comparable finds from the Neolithic,
which were roughly hewn, these Lower Lusatian
bucrania show precise, meticulous craftsmanship.
Despite their different horn shapes,
when compared using the osteometric relationship
diagram, the two Luckau skulls fall
within the average range for European cattle
and are especially representative of historical
Brandenburg Moor cattle.
bewitch a lot of person and frighten else, for better or for worse. Almost all person have powerful affections towards
serpent, even so not many carry on impartial. Nearly all interactivity between humans and snakes has resulted in the
snake's destruction caused by humans' incapacity to capacity fright and nervousness. The non selective homicide of
serpent to protect people’sprotection has extremely made less the populations of numerous serpent types to extinction
levels. However, the aim is to study snake-human interactions in Karachi's Port Qasim industrial area. Urban residents
of Karachi need to be educated about snake behavior, toxic and non-toxic verity in the locality, as well as the
environmentally and medicinal value of serpents.
challenging given the high potential for the unification of
convergent lineages due to systematic homoplasy. Equivocal
reconstructions of turtle evolution and biogeographic or
palaeo-climatic data with phylogenetic hypotheses and
new images of the holotype reconstructions of fossil turtles
are important for prehistoric turtle fossil remains. Here we
describe the cranial anatomy and holotype reconstruction
of the Late Cretaceous turtle, Australobaena chilensis from
the Quiriquina Formation of the Maastricht Ocean Horizon
Chile, which was identified as a new genus and species of
Baenidae (an extinct family of para-cryptodiran turtles) in
2002 by Karl and Tichy. The holotype is “SMF R 415”, a
partially destroyed skull without a lower jaw, and with a
unique cranial plane. This taxon belongs to Baenidae, an
extinct freshwater family from the Cretaceous period in
North America. This is the first baenid fossil found outside
of North America, and we re-describe and reconstruct it with
new photographs and illustrations of the cranial anatomy of
this material (Holotype).
Ages or the 13th/14th century are described
and discussed. These are typical examples of
the short-horned cattle or brachycerus type.
Unlike comparable finds from the Neolithic,
which were roughly hewn, these Lower Lusatian
bucrania show precise, meticulous craftsmanship.
Despite their different horn shapes,
when compared using the osteometric relationship
diagram, the two Luckau skulls fall
within the average range for European cattle
and are especially representative of historical
Brandenburg Moor cattle.
bewitch a lot of person and frighten else, for better or for worse. Almost all person have powerful affections towards
serpent, even so not many carry on impartial. Nearly all interactivity between humans and snakes has resulted in the
snake's destruction caused by humans' incapacity to capacity fright and nervousness. The non selective homicide of
serpent to protect people’sprotection has extremely made less the populations of numerous serpent types to extinction
levels. However, the aim is to study snake-human interactions in Karachi's Port Qasim industrial area. Urban residents
of Karachi need to be educated about snake behavior, toxic and non-toxic verity in the locality, as well as the
environmentally and medicinal value of serpents.