Papers by Yousef Aldakheel
The aim of this paper is to study of establishment a fourth stage of the secondary and tertiary t... more The aim of this paper is to study of establishment a fourth stage of the secondary and tertiary treatments plant for sterilization wastewater. This will reduce the biological loading including vital viruses and parasite eggs by usage of gamma radiation of the Cobalt-60 ( Co-) (1.16 Me.V and 1.33 Me.V. The cobalt can't 60 make artificial radiation; therefore it is safe and cheap to solve the chemical treatment problems and to avoid chlorine components in the environment. In this comparative study it was completed between the electron rays (e-beam), UV lamps, ozone unites, chlorine, mechanical regimes treatment and gamma rays for sterilization of both of wastewater and sludge samples from Al Hofuf wastewater treatment plant with determining advantages and disadvantages for each of these sterilization methods and the location where it should to be applied. It was found that a 16.2 kGy dose is generally suitable for the wastewater sterilization and it could be raised to above 25 kGy in case of only secondary treatment stage is applied and 27 kGy for sludge (SAL= 10 ). This will reduce 6 the chlorine poisons and the waste of livestock chicken and fishes and the industrial dismissal in the environment. Also it was clarified the biological reason behind of not applying these sterilization methods outside the experimental plants by studying the plant stages of the secondary and tertiary treatment in Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia, which it was to let the aerobic bacteria to feed on organic material in wastewater and then the subsequent processing stages in the sedimentation downstream and using the irradiation first at the entrance of the station prevent to take advantage of that. This study demonstrated the potential of ionizing radiation to disinfect sewage and sludge and to increase the water quality in the wastewater by lowering the total heterogeneous bacteria.
European Journal of Scientific Research
Occasionally, the water manager may need to use an irrigation network map that contains little or... more Occasionally, the water manager may need to use an irrigation network map that contains little or no coordinate information. This is a problem if he intends to project this map with another in a multi-layer database. In this study we used the coordinates of selected ground control points (GCPs) obtained with a Trimble GPS unit to transform (georefrencing) the network base map (1:10000-scale; unknown coordinate system) digitized in units of the base map into metric UTM system. Registration was done using affine transformation in ARC/INFO GIS. The accuracy of this procedure was analyzed by comparing the GPS positions of 40.72 km one-way-roads with their corresponding GIS transformed positions. A 40-m buffer was required for at least 96% of the GIS roads to occupy the same GPS road positions. The georefrenced network map was successfully updated by map-to-map registration involved a residential area map developed from recent SPOT image and a soil salinity map developed using variogram ...
2010 International Conference on Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2010
Contribution of shallow water table to irrigation water requirement (IWR) of crops depends on cap... more Contribution of shallow water table to irrigation water requirement (IWR) of crops depends on capillary rise that develops within root zone. This capillary rise is function of root zone environment and depth of shallow water table. In this study impacts of drying the root zone of a date palm tree with 50% irrigation reduction combined with changing depth of water table on IWR of date palm trees at Al-Hassa oasis were investigated. Five drainage ysimeters (1.3 m in diameter and 2m in depth) were setup for growing three years old uniform date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera.). In each lysimeter soil moisture tensions, i.e., at varied depths 25, 50, 65 and 85 cm, were monitored using Granule matrix sensors and watermarks. In addition to that, water table depth, drained outflow water, and upward flow soil water by capillary rise were determined in each lysimeter. Using the interpretation of soil moisture tension under 50% irrigation reduction, the contribution of ground water with average depths of 133 and 145 cm to the IWR estimated to be 50% and 22% respectively during the month of August. Besides, when soil water balance was used, the contribution with the average depths 144, 141 and 133 were 17%, 20% and 21% respectively during month of October.
Lidar Remote Sensing for Industry and Environment Monitoring II, 2002
ABSTRACT The aims of remote sensing techniques are to explore and monitor earth resources: soil, ... more ABSTRACT The aims of remote sensing techniques are to explore and monitor earth resources: soil, sub soil, water, vegetation and minerals. Moreover, the aim of remote sensing can be extended to monitor and record and changes that might occur to these resources, either because of human activities or natural processes. This study aims to use remotely sensed data to study the state of vegetation cover in Al-Hassa oasis during the past ten years and to assess the impact of the environmental changes resulted from the operation of the irrigation and Drainage Project.
Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies, 2005. RAST 2005., 2005
... Thanks to King Faisal University for partial fund. Thanks also extended to Dr. Masoud Abdel A... more ... Thanks to King Faisal University for partial fund. Thanks also extended to Dr. Masoud Abdel Atti, and Dr. Adel Hussain, of Water Studies Center, KFU for their technical assistance. ... [7] Elprince, AM, Turjoman, AM and Al-Dakheel , Y. (1983) Irrigation water requirements for soil ...
International Journal of Remote Sensing, 1997
Remotely sensed measurements at optical wavelengths may provide information on crop water status ... more Remotely sensed measurements at optical wavelengths may provide information on crop water status and increase the accuracy of crop production forecasts. Previous research has shown that canopy spectral response to water stress is attributable to change in leaf water content, canopy structure and soil moisture. This experiment was designed to study leaf spectral response resulting from changes in leaf water content and to evaluate the use of a radiative transfer model for predicting the spectral behaviour of the leaf. The diVerence between measured and modelled re¯ectance increased as leaf water content decreased and it was hypothesized that this may be due to a change in leaf internal structure that was unaccounted for by the model.
Geoderma, 2014
ABSTRACT In saline soils, the spectral reflectance of either salt features at the surface or of v... more ABSTRACT In saline soils, the spectral reflectance of either salt features at the surface or of vegetation that was negatively affected by salt varies with different salinity levels. Thus, several indices for vegetation and soil salinity have been developed. This study was conducted to assess the soil salinity levels in the Al-Hassa Oasis, which is dominated by date palm vegetation, in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Ground and remote sensing data were used to determine if any existing vegetation and soil salinity indices could be used to assess the soil salinity of communities vegetated with date palm. A systematic regular grid-sampling approach was used to collect a total of 149 composite soil samples from the study area. Thirteen broadband indices, which encompassed vegetation and soil salinity indices, were extracted from IKONOS satellite images. The predictive power of these indices for soil salinity was examined. The study area was dominated by areas of high salinity. Among the investigated indices, the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Normalized Differential Salinity Index (NDSI) and Salinity Index (SI-T) yielded the best results for assessing the soil salinity of cultivated lands with dense and uniform vegetation. In contrast, the NDSI and SI-T exhibited the highest significant correlation with salinity for less densely vegetated lands and bare soils. Generally, the soil salinity in the areas that were dominated by date palms was successfully assessed by broadband vegetation and soil salinity indices that were extracted from the IKONOS satellite images.
ISPRS 2004 International …, 2004
The main objective of this study is to determine the growth response and water use effeciency of ... more The main objective of this study is to determine the growth response and water use effeciency of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown in the field under four water table levels and two rates of water supply under the climatic condition of Al-Hassa oasis in Saudi Arabia. The potential use and management of water table depth, to function as sub-irrigation system without increasing the accumulation of salts in the root zone is a valuable agricultural resource in arid regions. Therefore, the water table should be maintained at optimum depth to save both water and energy.
Asian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2009
Drinking water resources at Al Hassa area are: bottled water, private purification stations (PS) ... more Drinking water resources at Al Hassa area are: bottled water, private purification stations (PS) for groundwater and municipality water supply. The water provided by municipality is not suitable directly for drinking, because of its high content of total dissolved solids. Most people at Al Hassa are using the purified water from private purification stations, as bottled water is affordable only to the rich. There are 45 purification stations at Al Hassa region, all of which used Reverse Osmosis (RO) techniques for water purifications. The aim of this paper is to establish a decision support system based on Geographic Information System (GIS) called, drinking water spatial decision support system (DWSDSS) to manage the available data for the private purification stations (location, water source, purification equipments, etc.). Moreover, this system will provide full details about the quality and the quantity of the produced drinking water from these stations. Nowadays, the use of GIS...
Al Uyoun Evaporation Lake is a wetland located to the north of Al Hassa Oasis, eastern province, ... more Al Uyoun Evaporation Lake is a wetland located to the north of Al Hassa Oasis, eastern province, KSA. The water of this lake is originated from the excess of drainage water which collected by earthen drainage network and discharged into the lake. Wetlands are important link between water and land ecosystems. They provide habitats and refuges for wildlife, flood protection and contribute to abatement of impact of pollution and promoting groundwater recharge. The main morphologic features of Al Uyoun Lake area are wetlands, sabkhas and sand dunes. Salt tolerant vegetation (halophyte) is found in some of the less salt affected sabkha areas. The present paper aims to study the environment of Al Uyoun Lake through integration of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) coupled with Sedimentological, hydrogeological and chemical investigations. A complementary objective of this study was to demonstrate the GIS capabilities in exploring the full value of environmental data...
The aim of this paper is to study of establishment a fourth stage of the secondary and tertiary t... more The aim of this paper is to study of establishment a fourth stage of the secondary and tertiary treatments plant for sterilization wastewater. This will reduce the biological loading including vital viruses and parasite eggs by usage of gamma radiation of the Cobalt-60 ( Co-) (1.16 Me.V and 1.33 Me.V. The cobalt can't 60 make artificial radiation; therefore it is safe and cheap to solve the chemical treatment problems and to avoid chlorine components in the environment. In this comparative study it was completed between the electron rays (e-beam), UV lamps, ozone unites, chlorine, mechanical regimes treatment and gamma rays for sterilization of both of wastewater and sludge samples from Al Hofuf wastewater treatment plant with determining advantages and disadvantages for each of these sterilization methods and the location where it should to be applied. It was found that a 16.2 kGy dose is generally suitable for the wastewater sterilization and it could be raised to above 25 kGy in case of only secondary treatment stage is applied and 27 kGy for sludge (SAL= 10 ). This will reduce 6 the chlorine poisons and the waste of livestock chicken and fishes and the industrial dismissal in the environment. Also it was clarified the biological reason behind of not applying these sterilization methods outside the experimental plants by studying the plant stages of the secondary and tertiary treatment in Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia, which it was to let the aerobic bacteria to feed on organic material in wastewater and then the subsequent processing stages in the sedimentation downstream and using the irradiation first at the entrance of the station prevent to take advantage of that. This study demonstrated the potential of ionizing radiation to disinfect sewage and sludge and to increase the water quality in the wastewater by lowering the total heterogeneous bacteria.
The present work aims to shed lights on the natural radioactivity level of the soil in Al Hassa a... more The present work aims to shed lights on the natural radioactivity level of the soil in Al Hassa area, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, and to indicate to what extent the soil of Al Hassa is radioactively polluted. In this respect, seventy five representative samples of soil have been collected from different localities of Al Hassa area and its surroundings. The activity concentrations of radionuclides in each soil samples have been measured. The concentrations for 234 U and 238 U series together with that of total uranium in parts per billion (ppb) are measured . The result of this study reveals that the activity concentrations for uranium series (progeny) in the soil samples are much higher than the same series in the ground water samples at Al Hassa area. In the soil samples, the activity concentrations obtained for 238 U and 234 U ranged from 113.45 to 437.45 pCi/Kg, and 174.21 to 415.55 Picocurie /Kilogram (pCi/kg) respectively. The total activity concentrations for uranium in ...
Al Hassa Oasis is one of the main and old agricultural centers in Saudi Arabia. Al Hassa oasis wi... more Al Hassa Oasis is one of the main and old agricultural centers in Saudi Arabia. Al Hassa oasis with an area of about 360 Km2 and is located 70 km west of the Arabian Gulf. The cultivated area at Al Hassa Oasis is about 80 Km2 and it is irrigated mainly from Neogene aquifer. Over pumping from the aquifer led to water depletion and deterioration of water quality. The present work aims to shed lights on the natural radioactivity level of the groundwater in this vital area of Al Hassa and present to what extent this natural resource is radioactively polluted. In this respect, sixty water samples have been collected from different localities of Al Hassa area and its surroundings. The activity concentrations of radionuclides in groundwater samples have been measured. The activity concentrations of 234U and 238U series together with the total of uranium in parts per billion (ppb) are measured. Moreover, and particles are measured. The result of this study reveals that, the activity con...
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE …, Jan 1, 2007
This paper describes a field case study on the use of a semi-buried poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) pip... more This paper describes a field case study on the use of a semi-buried poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) pipeline system in Al-Hassa oasis, Saudi Arabia and its contribution in improving water conservation. Deteriorated concrete canals at Al-Hassa irrigation project, enhanced irrigation water losses, and the annual cost of maintenance became un economical for the long term. The PVC pipes easy maintenance, durability, modification, and flexibility, give them the potential to be an economical alternative to replace a concrete lateral canal, P1H4, at Al-Hassa irrigation project. Due to the availability of PVC pipes at low cost in the Kingdom and their common use in irrigation, they were selected to construct a pipeline, 362 m in length. An energy head, 2.7m of water, was used in determining the pipeline capacity and its internal diameter, using the continuity equation. Dismantling of the concrete canal and installing of the pipeline took place simultaneously without water stresses to the grown crops. The conveyance and the distribution efficiencies increased by 25.3 % and 25% respectively due to installation of the pipeline.
Page 1. Paper No. 06-203 The Canadian Society for Bioengineering The Canadian society for enginee... more Page 1. Paper No. 06-203 The Canadian Society for Bioengineering The Canadian society for engineering in agricultural, food, environmental, and biological systems. La Société Canadienne de Génie Agroalimentaire et de ...
Proceedings of SPIE, Jan 1, 2002
Short term as well as long term water stress has the same effects on plant physiology and canopy ... more Short term as well as long term water stress has the same effects on plant physiology and canopy architecture. Changes in water status of a canopy can have indirect effects on remotely sensed optical reflectance. This study consists of two inter-related experiments ...
asprs.org
Landsat TM5 still provide useful information about earth surface features although there are more... more Landsat TM5 still provide useful information about earth surface features although there are more advanced sensors with high capability of scanning and processing of remotely sensed data. In this respect, Landsat TM5 data were used to map saline soil and vegetation in one of the largest irrigated oases in the world. The study area is Al-Hassa oasis located in the southern part of the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Main cultivated crops in the Al-Hassa area are date palm, alfalfa, vegetables, and some fruits. The most serious problem in the region is soil salinity that develop as a result of natural soil forming processes. The lack of the amount of irrigation water for cultivation raise the requirements to have proper management methods and adequate planning for the area. For the amelioration of salt affected soils and their effective utilization for successful plant production, it is necessary to establish rigorous management and frequent monitoring for these area. This research aimed to classify the vegetation in the scene image and to identify salt-affected soils in the study area. Two landsat TM5 images were used in this research. NDVI was calculated as a ratio between measured reflectivity in the red and near infrared bands. These two spectral bands are chosen because they are most affected by the absorption of chlorophyll in leafy green vegetation and by the density of green vegetation on the surface. Also, in red and near-infrared bands, the contrast between vegetation and soil is at a maximum. Therefore, NDVI relatively provided good results in classification of salt-affected and in distinguishing between vegetation classes.
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Papers by Yousef Aldakheel